AML/ALL Other Flashcards
What is the most common cause of cancer in children?
Acute leukemia
T/F complete remission is higher in adult patients with acute leukemias than children
False!
>85% CR in children/young adults
65-85% in adults
Does AML or ALL have more estimated new cases?
AML
Does AML or ALL have more estimated deaths?
AML
T/F in acute leukemia cells continue to differentiate
False!
Do not continue to differentiate
T/F ALL has a higher survival rate in pediatrics and adults compared to AML
TRUE!
Etiology of acute leukemias
- most times don’t know!
- Genetic conditions
- Socioeconomic
- Immunologic factors
- Environmental exposure
- Toxins (
- Family history (high birth rate?)
What is the median age of diagnosis of ALL?
10 years
What is the median age of AML?
67 years
T/F leukemia is more common in females
False!
Males
T/F ALL has a higher incidence in caucasians
True
In acute leukemia diagnosis what blast % will they have?
What is a normal blast %?
>20% - leukemia
<5% - normal
S/S of acute leukemia
- anemia
- thrombocytopenia
- neutorpenia
- CNS (seizures, HA, visual disturbances)
- gingival hyperplasia
- bone pain
- extra-medullary disease (leukemia cutis, chloromas)
S/S of anemia in acute leukemia
fatigue
malaise
CNS
cardiac
S/S of thrombocytopenia in acute leukemia
bleeding
bruising
petechiae
S/S of neutropenia in acute leukemia
infection
fever
What labs should you get to diagnose acute leukemia?
- CBC with differential
- Uric acid, K, P, SCr
- Peripheral blood smear (blasts)
- Coagulation studies
- Bone marrow biopsy
- Cytogenetic analysis
What is the main goal of treatment in acute leukemia?
Cure!
What are the 3 things needed to achieve complete remission in acute leukemias?
- < 5% blasts in bone marrow
- Recovery of platelets to > 100,000
- Recovery of ANC >1500
What are all the goals of treatment for acute leukemias
- cure
- rapidly achieve CR
- maintain CR- prevent recurrence
- minimize toxicity