Aml

Question 1

AML usually occurs in the patients. Of age

Answer 1

15-40 years

Question 2

Clinical presentation

Answer 2

Pallor and fatigue due to the hb decrease

Infections due to the tlc decrease

Purpurin , petechie
Hepatosplenomegaly

Gums are involved
Chloroma
Dic

Question 3

Y Pallor and fatigue will occur

Answer 3

Hb decrease

Question 4

Gums are involved in which AML

Answer 4

Gum hyperplasia and bleeding occurs more in M4 and M5

Question 5

Which organs are not involved

Answer 5

Cns , testis , lymph node,

Question 6

Chloroma is common I’m in which AML

Answer 6

M2 without maturation acc to fab

Question 7

Dic is more common in

Answer 7

M4

Question 8

What are the risk factors for the AML

Answer 8

Radiation
Down syndrome M7
Bloom’s syndrome
Franconia syndrome

Question 9

Fab classification of AML

Answer 9

M0undifferentiated 
M1 without maturation 
M2 with maturation 
M3 acute promyelocytic leukaemia
M4 acutemyelomonocytic  leukaemia 
M5  acute monocytic leukaemia 
M6 acute erythroleulaemia
M7 acute megakaryocytic leukaemia

Question 10

Describe about AML m2

Answer 10

More than 10 % matured cells will be there
It is associated with 8 21 translocation
Runx1 and runxt1

Question 11

What is chorolma

Answer 11

Also known as granulocytic sarcoma and myeloblastoma

Soft tissue involvement
Mpo positive has greenish colour

Question 12

Most common site for chloroma

Answer 12

Eye

Proptosisi occurs

Question 13

Monocytes which are present in the chloroma are called as

Answer 13

Arbiskov cells

Question 14

AML M3

Answer 14

Associated with t 15 and 17 translocations
PML gene on the 15 and RARA gena on the 17 fuse to form PML RARA Fusion

This leads to decrease in the vitamin A

Reduced conversion of the promyelocyte to myelocytes
Promyelocytes will be more

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia will be there

Question 15

What are Auer rods

Answer 15

The granules in the promyelocytes fuse to form auer rods

Cross cross pattern is called faggot cell

Question 16

What is the treatment of M3

Answer 16

All trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide

Best prognosis of all the aml

Question 17

AML M4 and M5 description

Answer 17

Tissue involvement gum bleeding and gum hyperplasia will be there
Non specific ester add postivity will be there

Question 18

Which chromosome abnormalities M4 is associated with

Answer 18

Chromosome 16

Question 19

AML m6 description

Answer 19

Diffuse positivity with pas

Question 20

Description about the AML 7 acute megakaryocytic syndrome

Answer 20

It is associated with Down’s syndrome
Least common syndrome
Megakaryocytes releases PDGF this is responsible for myelofibrosis

Question 21

What are the markers for megakaryocytes

Answer 21

CD41 and CD 61

Question 22

Lab diagnosis of AML

Answer 22

Hb decrease
TLC increase or decrease
Platelets decrease

Pheripheral smear more than 20 percent myeloblasts
Bone marrow more than 20 percent myeloblasts

Question 23

What are the stains used for myeloblasts

Answer 23

Mpo postindustrial
NSE
Sbb

Question 24

Marker of the myeloblasts

Answer 24

CD 13
CD33
CD117
Myeloperiosodase

Question 25

Blasts less than 20% can we make diagnosis of AML

Answer 25

Yes if 8 21 15 17 and inversion 16 is done

Question 26

B

Question 27

Definite treatment for AML

Answer 27

Stem cell Transplantation

Question 28

AML M3. Treatment

Answer 28

ATRA and arsenic trioxide

Question 29

Investigation of choice for AML

Answer 29

Flow cytometry assessment except for AML M 3 fish analysis is used

Question 30

What is bi phenotypic leukaemia

Answer 30

Both markers are present myeloblasts as well as lymphoblasts