AMK day teach

Question 1

what is copd

Answer 1

irreversible obstruction of the airways consisting of chronic bronchitis and emphysema ( hyper resonant due to expansion)

Question 2

chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

hypertrophy an hyperplasia of mcus glands in the bronchi

Question 3

emphysema

Answer 3

enalargemtn of airspaces due to destruction of the alveolar wall

Question 4

what is the CURB65 score

Answer 4

confusion AMST over 8
urea over 7
repsriaotry rate over 30

Question 5

lung cancer commonly metastasises to where

Answer 5

brain, breast, adrenals & bone.

Question 6

symptoms of lung cancer

Answer 6

Sx: SoB + Haemoptysis + Finger clubbing + Weight loss
Cough
Enlarged supraclavicular nodes
Recurrent pneumonia

Question 7

investigations for lung cancer

Answer 7

Ix: CXR
Hilar enlargement
“Peripheral opacity” – Visible lesion in the lung field
Pleural effusion – Unilateral in cancer
Collapse
Ectopic ACTH secretion from small cell lung cancer

Question 8

most common non small cell cancers

Answer 8

Adenocarcinoma (~40%)
Peripheral + Most likely to cause pleural effusion
Non-smokers
Invade mediastinal lymph nodes & pleura
Squamous cell carcinoma (~20%)
Central
Smokers
Large cell carcinoma (~10%)
Other types (~10%)

Question 9

small cell cancers can

Answer 9

Contain neurosecretory granules which can release hormones ⇒ Paraneoplastic syndrome

Lamberton-Eaton myasthenic Syndrome

99% case in smoker

Poor prognosis
Very aggressive + Early metastasis

Tx: Surgery

Question 10

obstructive disease parameters

Answer 10

Decreased FEV1
Normal FVC
FEV1:FVC ratio <0.7

Question 11

restrictive disease parameters

Answer 11

Decreased FEV1
Decreased FVC
FEV1:FVC ratio >0.7