AMINOACIDOPATHIES.3 Flashcards
_____: a2-glycoprotein synthesized in hepatocytes
- used to evaluate _____
- reported as independent risk factor for _______ with ______
- function:
- binds _____ to prevent loss of hgb
- used primarily to help detect and evaluate _____
- evaluate degree or intravascular hemolysis that has occurred in _____ or _____
HAPTOGLOBIN
- RHEUMATIC DISEASE
- CVD; TYPE 2 DM
- function:
- FREE HGB
- HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
- TRANSFUSION RXN or HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF NEWBORN
_____: copper containing a2 glycoprotein enzyme synthesized by liver
- ___ or more of total serum copper is found in ceruplasmin; ___% is bound to albumin
- _____ inherited disorder associated with decreased levels
- typically ____ - copper also deposit is in cornea producing characteristic of ______
- decreased causes what syndrome
- ceruplasmin determination (3)
CERULOPLASMIN
- 90%; 10%
- AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
- 0.1g/L - KAYSER-FLEISCHER SYNDROME
- MENKES SYNDROME (KINKY HAIR DISEASE)
5.
- COPPER OXIDASE ACTIVITY
- RADIAL IMMUNODIFFUSION
- NEPHELOMETRY
______: Major component of beta globulin fraction and appears distinct bond on HRE
- iron bound to transferrin is _____ (__mg) of total body iron, most important iron pool
TRANSFERRIN
- 0.1% (4mg)
______: migrates electrophoretically in beta globulin region
- ____ cells
- induces _____ activities
- increased (4)
- decreased (1)
HEMOPEXIN
- PARENCHYMAL cells
- INTRACELLULAR ANTIOXIDANT activities
- INFLAMMATION, DM, DUCHENNE TYPE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, MELANOMAS
- DIAGNOSTIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
_______: light chain component of major histocompatibility complex (HLA)
- found on surfaces of most _______
- present in high conc of _____
- increased
B2-MICROGLOBULIN
- NUCLEATED CELLS
- LYMPHOCYTES
- RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS & SLE
______: natural defense mechanism that protects human body from infections
- ____ most abundant complement protein in human serum
- 2nd most abundant because of its pivotal position
- decreased C3 (5)
- decreased C4 (4)
COMPLEMENT
- COMPLEMENT C3
- COMPLEMENT C4
- ABC NT = Autoimmune disease, Bacteremia, Chronic hepatitis, Neonatal Respiratory Distress, Tissue injury
- DACS = DIC, Acute glomerulonephritis, Chronic hepatitis, SLE
_______: one of largest proteins in blood plasma
1. Distinct band between ____ & _____
2. Forms a ____ when activated by ______
Fibrinogen
1. Beta and Gamma globulins
2. Fibrin clot, thrombin
______: first acute phase proteins to rise in response to inflammatory disease
- received its first na,e because it precipitates with ____, a polysaccharide of pneumococci
- CRP bound to ______ and ______ promotes binding of complement
- result above ____ is usually considered high
- most infections & inflammations result in CRP levels above _____
- in cases of inflammatory rheumatic disease, such as _____ & _____
C REACTIVE PROTEIN
1. C SUBSTANCE
2. BACTERIA and FUNGI
3. >1mg/dL
4. >10mg/dL
5. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and SLE
IG
- composed of _____ proteins
- composed of ______ carbohydrates
- produced by wbc known as ____ (_____ immunity)
- two identical ____ & _____
- ratio of k and gamma
- 82-96%
- 4-18%
- B CELLS (HUMORAL IMMUNITY)
- HEAVY & LIGHT
- 2:1
____: acts on bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles by agglutination and opsonization
- most abundant class of Ab found in _____ and ______
- Increased in ______, ______,____,_____ and _____
- Decrease in _____, _______, ______, _____ and ______
IgG
1. BLOOD PLASMA and LYMPH
2. INCREASED
- Liver Disease
- Infections
- IgG Myeloma
- Parasitic Disease
- Rheumatic Disease
3.DECREASED
- Acquired Immunodeficiency
- Protein Losing States
- Non-IgG Myeloma
____: resistant to enzyme degradation and remains active in digestive and respiratory tracts to provide antibody protection in body secretions
- found on
- Increased in (3)
- Decreased in (2)
IgA
1. Mucous secretions
2. INCREASED:
- Liver Disease
- Infections
- Autoimmune disease
3. DECREASED:
- Depressed Protein Synthesis
- Immunodeficiency
____: first to appear in response to antigenic stimulation
- monoclonal increase is seen in _______
- spike in vicinity of late _____ zone on protein electrophoresis - Increased in (6)
- Present in all _____
IgM
- WALDENSTROM MACRO
- B ZONE - TOXOPLASMIS, PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS, CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, RUBELLA, HERPHES, SYPHILIS, and various bacterial and fungal diseases
- B CELLS
____: help regulate B cell function
- Present on surface of most but not all
- Increased in (3)
IgD
1. B cells
2. Infections, liver diseases, CT disorders
____: associated with allergic and anaphylactic reactions
- Monoclonal increases are seen in ____, a rare disease
- Increased in (2)
IgE
1. IgE myeloma
2. Inflammatory Infectious Diseases inc ASTHMA and HAY FEVER
