Amino acid catabolism - Chapter 18.1-18.3

Question 1

In what metabolic reaction is a-ketoglutarate involved?

Answer 1

Transamination
TCA cycle
Gluconeogenesis

Question 2

What is glutamate?

Answer 2

Amino group donor for excretion or biosynthetic pathway

Question 3

Aller voir la page 7 des slides et redessiner le pathway

Answer 3

Go

Question 4

What are the enzymes involved in transport of ammonia from other tissues?

Answer 4

GLutamine synthetase

Glutaminase (livermitochondria)

Question 5

What is the enzyme of amino degradation from glutamate?

Answer 5

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Question 6

Aller lire ce que ça dit sur le trasport of amonia from muscles dans le livre

Answer 6

Go

Question 7

Where does urea cycle happen?

Answer 7

In mitochondria

Question 8

How many ammonium are given by glutamine?

By glutamate?

Answer 8

Glutamate= 1
Glutamine = 2

Question 9

What happens to ammonia in the mitochondria?

Answer 9

Ammonia comes from glutamate or glutamine, and is combined with bicarbonate to form carbamoyl phosphate. The enzyme that does that is carbamoyl synthetase 1. Formation of carbamoyl phosphate uses 2 ATP . Carbamoyl phosphate is then converted into citrulline. And citrulline is thrown out of mitpchondria

Question 10

What is the role of aspartate? How is it made in the mitochondria ?

Answer 10

It is another amino group doner. Made from oxaloacetate, when amino group is added.

Question 11

What are the 4 enzymes of urea cycle?

Answer 11

• Ornithine transcarbamoylase
• Arginosuccinate synthase
• Arginosuccinase
• Arginase

Question 12

what are a.a. that are both gluco and ketogenic?

Answer 12

Isoleucine
Phenylalanine 
Threonine
Tryptophan 
Tyrosine

Question 13

What are the TCA cycle intermediate that can be made from a.a.?

Answer 13

a-ketoglutarate
Succynyl-Coa
Oxaloacetate
Fumarate

Question 14

What are the 2 other compounds that can be made by a.a. that can also enter glycolysis ?

Answer 14

Pyruvate

Acetyl-Coa