amines, amides and polymers Flashcards
what are amines
- organic compounds derived from ammonia NH3
- in which one or more hydrogen atoms in ammonia have been replaced by a carbon chain or ring
what is an aliphatic amine
nitrogen atom is attatched to at least one straight or branched carbon chain (alkyl group R)
what is the simplest aliphatic amine
- methylamine CH3NH2
- simplest aliphatic amine with one methyl group attatched to the nitrogen atom
what is an aromatic amine
- nitrogen atom is attatched to an aromatic ring (aryl group Ar)
what is the simplest aromatic amine
- phenylamine C6H5NH2
- phenyl C6H5 group attatched to the nitrogen arom
how are amines classified
- primary, secondary or teritary
- by number of alkyl or aryl group attatched to the nitrogen atom
where are amines commonly found
- in nature
- many well known for their effects on the body
what is the role of serotonin
- acts as a neurotransmitter
- responsible for control of apetite, sleep, memory and learning , temperature regulation, muscle contraction and depression
what is the role of pseudoephedrine
- active ingredient in decongestion medications such as in nose drops and in cold remedies
- works by shrinking nasal membranes and inhibiting nasal secretions
how do you name primary amines with NH2 at end of the chain
- add suffix amine to the name of the alkyl chain
how do you name a primary amine that contains an amine group on any other carbon but carbon 1
- amine names using the prefix amino and a number is added to indicate the position of the amine group along that chain
how do you name secondary or tertiary amines containing the same alkyl group
- prefixes di or tri are used to indicate the number of alkyl groups attatched to the nitrogen atom
name (CH3)2NH
- dimethylamine
how do you name an amine when two or more different groups are attatchhed to a nitrogen atom
compound named as a N- subtituted derivative of the larger group
name CH3NHCH2CH2CH3
N-methylpropylamine
Name CH3N(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH3
N-ethyl-N-methylpropylamine
describe how amines act as bases
- lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom can accept a proton
- when an amine accepts a proton a dative covalent bond is formed between the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom and the proton
describe salt formation with amines
