Amines

Question 1

What are amines?

Answer 1

compounds based on ammonia, where one or more of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by alkyl or phenyl group(s)

Question 2

Why are amines considered bases?

Answer 2

They have a non-bonding pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, therefore they are bases as they are able to accept a proton

Question 3

What classes can amines be?

Answer 3

primary
secondary
tertiary

Question 4

Describe primary amines

Answer 4

one of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an alkyl group

Question 5

Describe secondary amines

Answer 5

two of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by alkyl groups

Question 6

Describe tertiary amines

Answer 6

three of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by alkyl groups

Question 7

What classes of amines contain hydrogen bonding?

Answer 7

primary and secondary

Question 8

Describe the boiling points of amines.

Answer 8

Primary and scondary amines have high boiling points due to hydrogen bonding
Tertiary amines have boiling points comparable to alkanes

Question 9

Describe the solubility of amines.

Answer 9

The solubility of amines in water decreases as the alkyl chain length increases
Amines form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, therefore shorter chain length amines are soluble in water

Question 10

What can amines be classified as and why

Answer 10

weak bases because the N atom has a lone pair of electrons which can accept a proton from water producing hydroxide ions.

Question 11

What are the 2 reactions of amines?

Answer 11

Amine react with acids to form salts

Amines can act as nucleophiles and react with polar bonds such as in haloalkanes