Amines

Question 1

What are amines?

Answer 1

Organic derivatives of ammonia, with at least one hydrogen atom replaced with an alkyl (or aryl) group.

Question 2

Boiling points of amines

Answer 2

• primary and secondary amines have higher boiling points than their equivalent alkane due to the N-H bond and hydrogen bonding between molecules
• tertiary amines have no N-H bond so don’t hydrogen bond so has lower boiling points than primary and secondary amines.

Question 3

Solubility of amine s

Answer 3

• small primary and secondary amines are soluble in water
• the bigger the alkyl group, the less soluble in water the amine is
• tertiary amines are insoluble in water

Question 4

Reactions

Answer 4

• reaction with mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid
• reaction with carboxylic acids such as ethanoic acids