American West (1865-90) Flashcards
Who was the first person to use the term Manifest Destiny in 1845?
John O’Sullivan
What was the Homestead Act of 1862?
Gave 160-acre plots to farmers for free if they stayed there for 5 years
What was the Timber and Culture Act of 1873?
Gave homesteaders an additional 160 acres if they planted trees
What did the population in a territory have to reach over in order to apply to become an official state?
60,000
What did the population in the West rise to from 1865 to 1890?
1865 - 760,000
1890 - 6 mill
When did the Second Gold Rush begin and where?
Began in the Black Hills of Dakota in 1874
What did Joseph Glidden do in 1873?
He produced the first effective barbed wire
(NOTE - He also deep drilled wells and steel windmills to provide water)
What did American wheat exports rise to from 1867-1902?
1867 - 6 mill bushels
1902 - 102 mill bushels
Native American children were put into boarding schools to be assimilated, but how much money was being spent a year on these schools by 1899?
$2.5 million
What was the Dawes Act of 1887?
It divided up reservations and each head of a Native American family were given 160 acres
What was the Battle of Wounded Knee?
1890
Final tragedy for Native Americans. The Sioux tribe were defeated
What did Joseph McCoy devise?
A route for cattle to be driven from Texas to the North
AKA ‘The Long Drive’
Cowboys drove the cattle North, how many were there in 1880?
40,000
(1) What ended the ‘Long Drives’? (2) What made transportation easier?
(1) A series of bad winters in 1885-87
(2) Railroads
What did Frederick Jackson Turner write in 1893?
An essay on the importance of the Frontier and its impact on American character
