American Cultures Chapter 28 Flashcards
Zaibatus
Huge corporations run by single families that had monopolized the Japanese econom
Potsdam conference
Marked the first time president Truman had met with Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin since president Roosevelt’s death
Nuremberg trials
german war crimes trials that took place in nuremberg Germany
adolf eichmann
an architect of the jewish extermination program avoided immediate prosecution by escaping to Latin America
hideki tojo
was sentenced to death because of crimes. he was japans premier during the war
United Nations
postal war international organization
trygve lie
served as the UN’s first Secretary General
zionism
the movement seeking a jewish homeland in palestine
David Ben Gurion
Supported the idea of Zionism
Ralph Bunche
Second un minister. U.S diplomat
Satellite nations
Countries under soviet control
Containment
Restricted the expansion of soviet communism
Cold War
The competition for global power and influence between these two superpowers
George Kennan
A state department official and soviet expert
Baruch plan
Would impose penalties on countries that did not follow international rules
Atomic energy act
Created the civilian controlled atomic energy commission to over see nuclear weapons research and to promote peacetime use of atomic energyb
Truman doctrine
President Truman’s policy stating that the United States would help any country fighting against communism
George Marshall
Secretary of State
Berlin airlift
Operation in which British and us planes carried food and supplies to West Berlin which was cut off by soviet blockades
NATO
North Atlantic treaty organization 9 Western European nations joined the u.s, Canada, and Iceland in a military alliance
Warsaw pact
The Soviet Union responded in 1955 by forming its own military alliance with other communist countries in Eastern Europe
Chiang Kai-shek
Led the Kuomintang, or nationalist party against Chinese communists
Brinkmanship
Rested on the threat or massive retaliation, including the use of nuclear weapons
Mao Zedong
Communist leader. Made reforms to give land to peasants
Kim il sung
Became known as the democratic people’s Republic of Korea. Led the communist North Korea
Syngman Rhee
President of South Korea
Douglas MacArthur
U.S army’s Far East commander
Marshall plan
European recovery program. U.s. gave money to European countries to help them rebuild their economies after ww2
Dwight Eisenhower
Was selected to be the presidential candidate
Central Intelligence Agency
To get her strategic information and pursue Cold War goals
Nikita Khrushchev
Soviet leader. Accused Joseph stain of committing many ruthless crimes
U-2 incident
Caused the brief thaw in the Cold War to come to an abrupt end
National security council
To advise the president on strategic matters
House un-American activities committee
To investigate fascist groups in the United States
Hollywood ten
Went to jail because they refused to answer questions to the huac
Alger hiss
Was accused of being a communist spy
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Two convicted Americans of providing the Soviet Union with atomic energy secrets
Internal security act
Required communist party members and organizations to register with the federal government
Joseph McCarthy
U.s. senator from Wisconsin. Gave list of communists
Hydrogen bomb
Claimed it would be 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Billy graham
Evangelist. He warned of the danger of nuclear war and urged Americans to turn to God
Sputnik
First artificial satellite
National aeronautics and space administration
NASA.
National defense education act
Appropriated millions of dollars to improve education in science p, math and foreign languages
