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History America > America Topic 6 > Flashcards

America Topic 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Red Scare?

A

A growing fear of communism in the USA in the years after WW2

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2
Q

What nations became Soviet Satellite States?

A

Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and Hungary.

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3
Q

When was the Yalta conference held?

A

January 1945

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4
Q

How many zones was Berlin going to be divided into?

A

Four zones

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5
Q

What was the main disagreement of the Yalta conference?

A

How much Germany should pay in post-war reparations

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6
Q

When was the Potsdam conference?

A

July 1945

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7
Q

How many Russian soldiers had died during WW2?

A

Twenty million

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8
Q

Why did Stalin want to financially cripple Germany?

A

He saw a revived Germany as a barrier to possible Soviet expansion

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9
Q

Who would recieve the most from Germany in reparations payments?

A

The USSR due to them having suffered the most

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10
Q

Who wrote the Long Telegram?

A

George Kennan

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11
Q

What was the Long telegram and what did it do?

A

It was a telegram outlining the dangers of Soviet expansion into Eastern Europe and influenced Truman’s policies about communist containment

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12
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine?

A

A US policy of containment of communism by financially supporting at-risk countries

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13
Q

When was Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech?

A

March 1946

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14
Q

What was the Marshall Plan?

A

A plan to financially support European countries, in an attempt to prevent them from falling into communism

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15
Q

When was the Marshall Plan announced?

A

June 1947

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16
Q

What benefits did the Marshall Plan have for Europe?

A

It would provide aid in the form of cash, machinery, food and technological assistance

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17
Q

What did the USA get from the Marshall Plan?

A

An agreement from European countries to buy US goods and allow for US investment in their industry

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18
Q

Why did Stalin withdraw from the Marshall plan?

A

He didn’t trust the USA and didn’t want to show how weak the USSR was economically

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19
Q

What was the Domino theory?

A

The belief that if one country fell to communism, then those around it would also fall

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20
Q

When was the Berlin crisis?

A

Between 1948 and 1949

21
Q

What sparked the Berlin crisis?

A

The announcement of Allied plans to create a new West German state with a new currency

22
Q

When did Stalin cut off access to West Berlin?

A

24th of June 1948

23
Q

How did the Allies get supplies to West Germany?

A

From the 28th of June, planes flew supplies into the state in an operation codenamed ‘Operation Planefare’

24
Q

When was the peak of the airlift?

A

The 16th to 17th of April saw a record 1398 planes land bringing nearly 13000 tonnes of cargo into the city

25
Q

When was the Berlin blockade called off?

A

12th of May 1949

26
Q

What group did the crisis lead to creation?

A

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

27
Q

What was the USSR’s organisation to rival NATO?

A

The Warsaw Pact

28
Q

How many people were leaving West Berlin in January 1961?

A

20,000 people per month

29
Q

When was the Cuban Misslile Crisis?

A

October 1962

30
Q

Who led Cuba after their revolution?

A

Fidel Castro

31
Q

What did the USA refuse to buy after Cuba ejected all US business?

A

Sugar, the biggest export from Cuba

32
Q

When and what was the Bay of Pigs invasion?

A

In April 1961, Kennedy tried to invade cuba using exiles who had left, but failed due to poor planning and lack of local support

33
Q

What countries in Europe did the US have military bases in?

A

Italy and Turkey

34
Q

When did Soviet technicians begin installations of missiles in Cuba?

A

September 1962

35
Q

When did the U-2 spyplane discover missile sites in Cuba?

A

14th of October 1962

36
Q

When did Kennedy decide to start the blockade?

A

20th of October 1962

37
Q

When was the US plane shot down over Cuba?

A

27th of October 1962

38
Q

When was the Partial test ban treaty signed?

A

August 1963

39
Q

Who was the leader of non-communist Vietnam?

A

Ngo Dinh Diem

40
Q

Who were the Vietcong?

A

The Vietcong were the guerrilla force that, with the support of the North Vietnamese Army, fought against South Vietnam

41
Q

When was Diem overthrown?

A

November 1963

42
Q

What was the Gulf of Tonkin incident?

A

Attack on the US destroyer Maddox by North Vietnamese patrol boats

43
Q

What was Operation Rolling Thunder?

A

A bombing campaign that planned to destroy supply routes to the South. It didn’t stop supplies but caused greater support in the North

44
Q

How many US troops had died in Vietnam by 1969?

A

36,000

45
Q

When was the ceasefire signed in Paris?

A

23rd of January 1973

46
Q

What other countries fell to commmunism in the years after Vietnam?

A

Cambodia and Laos

47
Q

How much did the Vietnam war cost the USA?

A

$168 billion

48
Q

What was stated in the Nixon Doctrine?

A

The USA expected its allies to take care of their own military defence

History America (8 decks)

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