amendments Flashcards
1st
Freedom of expression, religion, speech, press, assembly,and petition.
2nd
Protects the right of individual citizens to keep and bear arms. establishes a military that is necessary for free state.
3rd
Prohibits soldiers from temporarily residing (quartering) in private homes during peacetime without getting the permission and consent of the owner.
4th
Protects people’s right to privacy prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
5th
No person tried without the grand jury indictment or punished twice for the same offense (double Jeopardy). prohibits being a witness against yourself and guarantees “due process of law.”
6th
Rights of accused in criminal cases, include legal representation and a fair and speedy trial.
7th
Guarantees a trial by jury.
8th
Insures that punishment for crimes are not excessive,cruel,or unusual.
9th
People retain right not listed in the United States Constitution.
10th
Power not given to the federal government is given to the people or state (very important for state government).
11th
Individual cannot use a state in federal courts.
12th
Repeals part of Article 2, Section 1,of the constitution. Electoral College must cast separate ballots for president and vice president. In 1800, there was difficulty when Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr received the same amount of votes in the Electoral College,even though the Electoral meant Burr’s votes to be for the position of vice president. The election had to go to the house of Representatives, where Jefferson won, thanks to the support of Alexander Hamilton . this helps explain why Hamilton and Burr later dueled, and Hamilton was killed.
13th
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude.
14th
All persons born or naturalized in the United States enjoy full rights. this was done to protect the right of freedom slaves and minorities after the Civil War, but it applies equally to all Americans. This amendment also made specific rules concerning the southern states after the Civil War.
15th
Protects the right of Americans to vote in elections.States cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, creed, of color. The right to vote is known as suffrage.
16th
Establishes Congress’s right to impose a federal income tax.
17th
Provide for popular election of United States senators.repeal part of Article 1, section 3, in the past, senators were elected by state legislatures.
18th
Prohibition. No alcoholic beverages to be bought or sold in the United States (to be later repealed).
19th
Woman suffrage. some states had already given woman the right to vote in some elections. this amendment provides all women, who are U.S citizens, the right to vote in all elections.
20th
Changed the date the president takes office from March 4th to January 20th (four-year term). it also changed the start of Congress to January 3rd and ended the old second session(end of Lame Duck Congress).
21st
Repealed prohibition and voided the 18th Amendment ( the only amendment to repeal another amendment).
22nd
No person shall be elected to the office of president more than twice (two terms).
23rd
Gave residents of Washington D.C the right to vote in presidential elections.
24th
Anti-poll tax amendment. Forbids taxing voters before they vote in national elections.
