AMCA Safety and Infection control Flashcards
agents of infectious microorganisms can be classified into these groups
viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites
For microorganisms to survive certain growth requirements must be present
- proper nutrition
- oxygen
- temperature
- darkness
- moisture
- pH
infectious agent
microorganisms that are classified into fungi, viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites
reservoir host
one becomes infected by the pathogen and serves as a source of transfer of pathogen
portal of exit
the method by which an infectious agent leaves its reservoir. The nose, hands, or sneezing could be considered portals of exit
mode of transmission
contact: direct and indirect
droplet: such as a sneeze
airborne
common vehicle
vector-borne: a living organism that carries a disease from one infected person to another - such as a mosquito
portal of entry
an opening allowing the microorganism to enter the host; include body orifices, mucus membranes, or breaks in the skin, tubes placed in body cavities such as urinary catheters, or from punctures produced by invasive procedures such as intravenous fluid replacement
Susceptible host
a person who cannot resist a microorganism invading the body, multiplying, and resulting in infection. The host is susceptible to the disease, lacking immunity or physical resistance to overcome the invasion by pathogenic microorganism .
stage 1
incubation stage is where the pathogen has time to grow and establish itself in the body
stage 2
prodromal stage is where the patient may begin to feel ill, or fatigue is settling in
stage 3
acute stage is where specific symptoms become obvious
stage 4
declining stage is where the symptoms begin to fade
stage 5
convalescent stage is where the patient is recovering
protective mechanisms of the body
skin
mucous membranes
mucus and cilia
coughing and sneezing
tears and sweats
urine and vaginal secretions are acidic
hydrochloric acid
