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CIP Level 1 Section 5 > Ambient Conditions > Flashcards

Ambient Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What two temperatures are the first to check when assessing the risk of moisture formation on a substrate?

A

Surface and Air Temperatures.

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2
Q

At night, steel ___ heat and cools to below ___ ___.

A

Radiates heat and cools to below air temperature.

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3
Q

During the day, steel ___ heat and is usually ___ than the air temperature.

A

Absorbs heat and is usually warmer than the air temperature.

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4
Q

Temperatures that are too cold can negatively impact surface prep by possible increased changes in ___ and ___ ___.

A

Humidity and Dew Point.

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5
Q

Too hot or too cold temperatures can lead to unsatisfactory ___ ___.

A

Film formation.

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6
Q

Application at incorrect temperatures can cause defects such as?

A 
Blistering
Pin holing
Cratering 
Dry Spray
Mud cracking
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7
Q

The coating manufacturer should specify the max/min temp in the?

A

Material Product Data Sheet.

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8
Q

ASTM D3276, states that the minimum surface temperature for coating is usually?

A

40 degrees F.

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9
Q

ASTM D3276 is the?

A

Standard Guide for Painting Inspectors (Metal Substrates),

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10
Q

ASTM D3276 states that for one or two coat cold-curing systems the temperate may be as low as ___ for application.

A

0 Degrees Fahrenheit.

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11
Q

ASTM D3276 states that for conventional two-component systems the temperature may be as low as?

A

50 degrees Fahrenheit.

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12
Q

The maximum surface temp for coating application is usually ___ , unless otherwise specified.

A

120 Fahrenheit.

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13
Q

A surface that is too hot may cause the coating solvents to evaporate so fast that application is too difficult and ___ or a ___ ___ results.

A

Application is difficult and blistering or a porous film results.

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14
Q

Coatings should only be applied when the substrate is ___ ___ above dew point in order to prevent moisture on the surface being coated.

A

5 degrees

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15
Q

A measure of the amount of moisture in the air, compared to saturation level?

A

What is Relative Humidity.

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16
Q

Definition:

The amount air can hold at a given temperature.

A

Saturation Level.

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17
Q

Many coating specifications restrict coating application if the Relative Humidity is?

A

Too High or Too Low

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18
Q

Relative Humidity limits are imposed for coating application because?

A

There are usually solvents that need to evaporate and if the relative humidity is too high there is no space in the air for the solvents. This results in solvent entrapment and curing problems.

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19
Q

Definition:

The point at which moisture begins to develop on the substrate.

A

Dew Point.

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20
Q

The temperature at which a volume of air must be tooled in order to reach saturation.

A

Dew Point

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21
Q

A function of air temperature and relative humidity?

A

Dew Point

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22
Q

What will blow abrasives past the boundaries of the work area?

A

Wind Speed

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23
Q

What will cause excessive drift or overspray of coatings?

A

Wind Speed

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24
Q

What accelerates solvent evaporation after coating?

A

Wind Speed

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25
Q

What will contribute to the formation of dry spray?

A

Wind Speed

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26
Q

The Inspector must also stay alert to wind-blown contaminates like?

A

Sea Spray, Salt, Blast Media, Dist, or Sand.

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27
Q

Sea Spray, Salt, Blast Media, Dist, or Sand are?

A

Possible wind-blown contaminates.

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28
Q

Digital Infrared thermometers are?

A

Non contact thermometers used to measure temperature from a distance.

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29
Q

What is used to measure temps when thermocouples or other probe-type sensors cannot be used or do not produce accurate data?

A

Infrared Thermometers.

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30
Q

Spot Temps are?

A

The measurement of a single fixed area.

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31
Q

Sweep temps measurements are taken by?

A

Starting at a fixed point and sweeping the sensor over the surface.

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32
Q

ASTM WK21204 “Guide for the Selection and Use of Wide Bank, Low Temp Infrared Thermometers: aid users in selecting?

A

The correct thermometer for a specific use.

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33
Q

Calibrating IR thermometers must be done ___ to achieve even moderate levels of accuracy and should not be attempted by the inspector.

A

Individually

34
Q

The ___ is the ability of the instrument to give the same reading under similar ambient and target conditions.

A

Repeatability.

35
Q

IR thermometers cannot accurately measure ___ ___ such as stainless or aluminum.

A

Reflective surfaces.

36
Q

IR thermometer readings can be compromised by?

A

Transparent Surfaces or obstruction of the optics by steam, dust, smoke, etc.

37
Q

An instrument that consists of a bimetallic sensing element protected from drafts?

A

Magnetic Surface Contact thermometer

38
Q

Any instrument used to determine surface/ambient conditions should be used?

A

At the actual work location.

39
Q

A magnetic surface thermometer does not need stabilization time. True or False?

A

False.

Generally 3 to 5 minutes is required.

40
Q

Surface Temp measurements should be taken at multiple locations on the substrate. True or False?

A

True.

41
Q

When using a Magnetic Surface Thermometer the inspector should have what documents on hand?

A

The manufacturers instructions and the standards required.

Possibly ANSI/NCST Z540-6

42
Q

Calibration of a magnetic surface thermometer is done?

A

At the manufacturers facility. Calibration cannot be done at the job site.

43
Q

Question temperature readings that are very high/low by compared to the

A

actual temperature of the substrate. Before taking measurement know what the expected surface temp should be based on the MPDS.

44
Q

Reading taken in direct sunlight are accurate. True or False?

A

False

45
Q

A common user error that results in inaccurate temperature readings for a magnetic surface thermometer are?

A

Leaving it in place too long, or taking a reading before it has stabilized.

46
Q

If erroneous readings are equipment based the equipment should be?

A

Replaced.

47
Q

Many surface temp gauges loose their accuracy easily and should be?

A

Checked regularly, perhaps daily, against a known standard.

48
Q

Mercury or Spirit Thermometers are?

A

Generally much more accurate.

49
Q

Electronic Surface Contact Thermometers use a ___ in contact with the surface to measure temperature.

A

Thermocouple

50
Q

Some models of the electronic surface contact thermometers are available with?

A

Interchangeable probes to allow for measurement of multiple surfaces and a wide range of temperatures.

51
Q

Electronic surface contact thermometers deliver readings very quickly. Usually less than?

A

One Second.

52
Q

With Electronic Surface Contact Thermometers, multiple readings must be taken over a large area because?

A

The thermocouple only reads the temp at the exact spot where it contact the surface.

53
Q

Calibration of Electronic Surface Contact Thermometers must be done?

A

In-house by the manufacturer. The inspector should not attempt to calibrate the device onsite.

54
Q

Electronic Digital Hygrometers are multi-purpose instruments to determine?

A

Relative Humidity
Air Temp,
Dew Point,
Wet Bulb

55
Q

The inspectors responsibility towards Electronic Digital Hygrometers is?

A

To know and understand their proper use.

56
Q

Digital Hygrometers need ___ to ___ when moving from one temperature/humidity extreme to another.

A

Time to Stabilize.

57
Q

Electronic Digital Hygrometers need the meet the requirements of for Calibration?

A

ANSI/NCSL Z540-6

58
Q

The accuracy of the Relative Humidity for Digital Hygrometers must be?

A

At, or near, 100% or the top of its scale.

This is a critical point on whether or not to allow coating application.

59
Q

The ___ ___ is the type of psychrometer used in coating inspection. Especially in hazardous conditions.

A

Sling Psychrometer.

60
Q

The sling psychrometer consists of two thermometers using ___ or ___ ___.

A

Mercury or Red Spirit (Alcohol.)

61
Q

The Wet Bulb measures a lower temperature because of?

A

Latent heat loss from water evaporating from the wet sock.

62
Q

The faster water evaporation from the wet sock, the more cooling occurs resulting in?

A

Lower humidity and dew point temperatures.

63
Q

The sling psychrometer must be whirled until?

A

The Wet Bulb reading stabilizes.

64
Q

What should be read first the Wet Bulb or Dry Bulb?

A

Wet Bulb.

65
Q

ASTM E337-02 is the standard for?

A

Sling Psychrometers.

66
Q

The methods described in ASTM E337-02 are applicable within ambient temperatures of?

A

32 to 122 Fahrenheit.

67
Q

The Methods desbribed in ASTM E337-02 are applicable to Wet Bulb temperatures not lower than __._ and restricted to ambient pressures not differing from standard atmospheric pressure by more than _ percent?

A

33.8 Fahrenheit.

3 Percent.

68
Q

How do you field calibrate the sling psychrometer?

A

Place thermometers in room temp water, leave for 3-4 minutes. Each should have identical readings. If they are not identical, replace them.

69
Q

User errors for the sling psychrometer include?

A

Not venting the sling long enough, not wetting the wick properly, let the wick dry out too much, holding it too close to the body, taking too long to read the thermometers, touch the bulbs, not facing into the breeze.

70
Q

What direction should you face when using the sling psychrometer?

A

Into the breeze.

71
Q

User errors with the sling psychrometer cause the readings to be too?

A

Warm

72
Q

Power Flow Psychrometers operate similar to the Sling, however air is?

A

Moved by a fan.

73
Q

Psychrometers are not reliable below __ Fahrenheit because?

A

32 Degrees Fahrenheit because the water freezes.

74
Q

The differences between the Wet and Dry Bulb readings is called?

A

The Wet Bulb Depression.

75
Q

Dew point and relative humidity may vary with?

A

Barometric Pressure

76
Q

High wind speed can be a?

A

Safety Hazard.

77
Q

When work is performed at a particular height winds of __ mph are considered dangerous.

A

40 mph.

78
Q

The essential knowledge base for instruments is?

A

The manufacturers instructions

79
Q

To use a wind speed monitor?

A

Stand facing the wind, and hold the instrument at arms length,

80
Q

ANSI/NCSL Z540-6

A

Calibration standars for Wind Speed Monitors.

81
Q

Wind speed minors should never need?

A

Calibration

82
Q

What benchmarks should the inspector use for ambient conditions for the day?

A

Weather reports and forecasts.

CIP Level 1 Section 5 (2 decks)

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