Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

D1S Operative 2 > Amalgam Quiz > Flashcards

Amalgam Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Amalgam capsule we use:

  1. Brand
  2. Company
  3. Type of alloy
A
  1. Permite C
  2. SDI
  3. Admixed (blend of lathe cut and spherical particles)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In clinic, the gray-capped amalgam capsules are ____ while the green-capped amalgam capsules are ____

A

Regular set

Extended carving time (ECT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define amalgam activation:

A

Push plunger down to rupture membrane and allow mercury in one compartment to come in contact with powdered alloy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define trituration

A

Process by which mercury is allowed to react with alloy powder. Removes the oxide coating and wets each particle of alloy with mercury.
(Hand trituration or mechanical trituration/amalgamator)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List steps of amalgam placement:

A
  1. Turn on amalgamator and set to 7 seconds
  2. Activate capsule
  3. Triturate amalgam for recommended time according to manufacturer instructions
  4. Dump mix into dappen dish
  5. Use amalgam carrier to transfer increments into preparation (use biggest end that can fit into prep)
  6. Spread first increment on pulpal floor
  7. Condense starting with smallest condenser and using larger condensers with following increments
  8. Overfill the final increment and condense with largest condenser to seal the margins
  9. Carefully begin carving anatomy of tooth and removing flash
  10. Evaluate restoration (check for flash, underfilled, voids, anatomy)
  11. Remove and check rubber dam
  12. Check occlusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Proper trituration yields what qualities of amalgam?

A
  1. Uniform consistent mass
  2. Shiny surface
  3. Smooth consistency
  4. Optimal mechanical properties, compressive strength, tensile strength
  5. Optimal physical properties
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Over-trituration of amalgam yields what qualities?

A
  1. Very bright/shiny luster
  2. Brittle internally
  3. Decreases final strength
  4. Sets prematurely
  5. Excess matrix is formed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Under trituration of amalgam yields what qualities?

A
  1. Grainy
  2. Crumble and dull
  3. Reduced strength
  4. Hard to handle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define condensation

A

The process of compressing the alloy into the tooth preparation and eliminating all voids (>5-10 lbs. pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the purpose of condensation?

A
  1. Secure adaptation of amalgam to the walls, line angles, and margins
  2. Maintains homogeneity and compactness of amalgam by minimizing voids
  3. Expressing the residual mercury to the surface to form mercury rich matrix that will be carved out later
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the sizes of our hand condensers?

A
  1. Oregon 2 (1.0 and 1.5 mm diameter)

2. Oregon 4 (2.0 and 3.0 mm diameter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A small condenser has a ____ surface area, ____ condensation pressure, and ____ indications.

A large condenser has a ____ surface area, ____ condensation pressure, and ____ indications

A

Small
High
Lathe cut

Large
Low
Spherical alloy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the condensing/carving times of the follow amalgams:

  1. Fast Set
  2. Regular Set
  3. Slow Set
  4. Extended Carving Time (ECT)
A
  1. 2.5/5.5 min
  2. 3.5/5.5 min
  3. 4.5/5.5 min
  4. 5/7 min
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Successful condensation requires the following 5 techniques:

A
  1. Dry field (proper isolation)
  2. Start promptly after trituration
  3. Use vertical overlapping strokes
  4. Proper size condenser (make sure amalgam is condensed into all angles of the prep)
  5. Adequate pressure (looks shiny, sounds crunchy)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Excessive condensation pressure will ___ and ___ the amalgam

A

Punch through

Perforate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The last increment (overfill) of amalgam should go ____ mm beyond the external outline of the preparation.

A

1.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Condensation strokes should be:
Vertical- ___ to the long axis or ___ degrees

Lateral- ___ to the long axis or ___ degrees

A

Perpendicular
45

Parallel
45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lateral/horizontal condensation strokes are only used in ____ cases

A

Class I with extension (buccal/lingual)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Condensation time should generally by completed in ___ mins, otherwise ___ will be created in the already formed matrix

A

3-4

Cracks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Purpose of carving:

A
  1. Reproduce the tooth anatomy and contours

2. Remove the mercury rich matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Identify the two types of carving strokes:

A
  1. Pull stroke (along cavosurface margin with tip of carver in groove area)
  2. Push stroke (from tooth to amalgam)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How do you check occlusion?

A

Use Acufilm marking paper or ribbon in Miller Forceps. Check gently in centric occlusion. Check all excursive movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define Ideal Margin.

How do you detect it?

A

The junction between the external tooth structure and the amalgam is flushed. Crisp cavosurface margin with no excess or deficiencies.

Tactile sensation (run the tip of the explorer along the CSM from tooth to amalgam and vice versa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define open margin error, potential problems, detection, and treatment

A

Break/rift between tooth and amalgam restoration; Not continuous. Can trap food particles and allows passage for microorganisms. Tip of explorer catches when moved in both directions across margin. Replace.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Define submarginal/ditching error, cause, detection, and treatment.

A

Amalgam does not reach CSM. Caused by carving from amalgam to tooth (wrong direction). Detected by explorer catching from amalgam to tooth but not tooth to amalgam. Replace if ledge is > 0.2 mm, enameloplasty if ledge is < 0.2 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define flash, potential problems, detection, treatment

A

Excess amalgam at margin. Patient can easily break when biting. Detected by tip of explorer catching from tooth to amalgam and not vice versa. Must remove during carving.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Define overcarving, potential problems

A

Deep anatomy. Potential submarginal defects (breaks off), no occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Define undercarving, potential problems

A

Flash left at CSM; Poor occlusal anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Describe the purposes of matrix bands

A
  1. Provide a wall against which one can condense amalgam
  2. Re-establish proximal contact of restoration with adjacent tooth
  3. Aids in isolation of preparation during fill
  4. Contains amalgam
  5. Prevents voids
  6. Shapes proximal contours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Identify the different types of tofflemire bands and retainers

A

Matrix Band No. 1 (no wings)
Matrix Band No. 2 (with wings)
Straight Retainer (for buccal side)
Contra-angle Retainer (for lingual side)

31
Q

The open end of the retainer always faces the ____

A

Gingiva

32
Q

Describe the functions of the wedge

A
  1. Adapts the gingival adage of matrix band against gingival cavosurface of prep (prevents flash Gingivally)
  2. Separates teeth slightly to compensate for band thickness
  3. Helps stabilize matrix band
33
Q

Why should you overfill when condensing?

A

This brings excess mercury to the surface where it can be removed by carving and ensures well condensed amalgam at margins.

34
Q

Define Quadrant vs Sextant

A

Quadrant- divide jaws into 4 parts from midline of arch to most distal tooth
Sextant: divide jaws into 6 parts (Max R, L, Ant; Mand R, L, Ant)

35
Q

Define quadrant dentistry

A

Treating all the affected teeth in 1 quadrant/sextant during the same visit regardless of materials/techniques used

36
Q

List the advantages of quadrant dentistry (for patient and dentist)

A

Patient

  1. Less appointments
  2. Less discomfort

Dentist

  1. More efficient/productive
  2. Single anesthetic procedure
  3. Single rubber dam placement
  4. Same rotary/hand instruments used
37
Q

List the considerations of quadrant dentistry

A
  1. Chairside time

2. Sequence of treatment

38
Q

List the indications for quadrant dentistry

A
  1. Multiple carious lesions/replacement of defective restorations
  2. Patient indicated for general anesthesia/sedation
39
Q

List the contraindications of quadrant dentistry

A
  1. Lack of dentist experience
  2. Patient has TMJ dysfunction syndrome
  3. Patient cannot be reclined for long time
40
Q

Low Copper Amalgam vs High Copper Amalgam:

A

Low- <12% Cu, has Y2 phase (weakest, corrosion prone phase), more vulnerable to marginal breakdown and creep

High- >12% Cu, sufficient Cu to prevent Y2 phase (stronger, more corrosion resistant), minimized marginal breakdown and creep

41
Q

Compare amalgam particle shape classifications:

A
  1. Lathe Cut- low packing density (more spaces), higher condensation forces required, higher surface area (more Hg, more expansion)
  2. Spherical- pack efficiently, slide easily (less voids & higher strength); difficult to achieve proximal contact; large diameter condenser for proper condensation pressure
  3. Admixed (combination)
42
Q

For multiple adjacent Class II preps, what is the best way to restore them (quadrant dentistry style)? Why?

A

Restore 2 non adjacent teeth, start with the most posterior tooth.

Restoring adjacent teeth simultaneously can result in excessive wedging and open contact.

43
Q

List the initial stages of cavity design:

A
  1. Outline form and initial depth
  2. Resistance form
  3. Retention form
  4. Convenience form
44
Q

List the final stages of cavity design:

A
  1. Removal of remaining enamel pits or fissures, infected dentin, old restorative material
  2. Pulp protection
  3. Secondary retention and resistance form
  4. Finishing enamel walls
  5. Cleaning, inspecting, conditioning
45
Q

Define outline form and initial depth:

A

Outline- placing the cavity margins in the position that they will occupy in the final preparation
Initial Depth- 0.2-0.8 mm pupally from DEJ (usually 0.5)

46
Q

Define resistance form

A

The shape and placement of cavity walls that best enable restoration/tooth to withstand long axis masticatory forces

47
Q

Define retention form

A

The shape/form of the prepared cavity that resists displacement/removal of restoration from tipping/lifting forces

48
Q

Define convenience form

A

The shape/form of the cavity that provides for adequate observation, accessibility, and ease of operation in preparing/restoring the cavity

49
Q

List the functions of the Dentin/Pulp complex

A
  1. Formative (primary/secondary dentin)
  2. Defensive (reparative dentin)
  3. Nutritive (supplies vital cells)
  4. Sensory (protective)
50
Q

Clinical methods to test pulp status

A
  1. Cold/Hot test (pain, duration)
  2. Electric Pulp Test (EPT)
  3. Percussion Test (Period ligament)
51
Q

Why do we need liners and bases?

A

To protect the pulp and minimize post-op sensitivity (thermal, chemical, electrical, mechanical barrier; controls pulp inflammation and fluid movement). Many restorative materials do not have a positive pulpal response.

52
Q

Define liner

A

Relatively thin layer of material that provides a barrier to protect dentin from residual reactants from restoration or oral fluids. Also provides initial electrical/thermal insulation

53
Q

Which liner does Dr Sharples talk about the most in his lecture?

A

Copal Varnish

54
Q

Define base

A

Provide thermal protection for pulp and supplement mechanical support for restoration by distributing local stresses across underlying dentinal surface.

55
Q

Most commonly used bases?

A

GI (Glass Ionomer)

RMGI

56
Q

Bases and Liners often only differ by ____

A

Powder/Liquid ratio (consistency)

57
Q

Why have GI’s replaced ZnPO4’s?

A

GI Advantages:

  1. adheres to tooth structure
  2. Fluoride release
  3. Proven clinical record of retention
  4. Dimensionally stable
  5. Biocompatible
58
Q

Summarize Pulpal Protection Procedures for varying excavations:

A
  1. Shallow Excavation (RDT [Remaining Dentin Thickness] > 2 mm)- varnish/sealer applied to walls
  2. Moderate Excavation (RDT .5-2 mm)- place liner, then varnish
  3. Deep Excavation (RDT < 0.5 mm)- light-cured calcium hydroxide placed in deepest region, then base of glass ionomer is inserted, then varnish.
59
Q

When should a cusp be replaced/capped with a complex amalgam restoration?

A

If the extension from the primary groove toward the cusp tip exceeds 2/3 of the distance.

60
Q

What is the purpose of pins?

A

They provide supplemental retention and resistance for large amalgam restorations

61
Q

List the types of pins:

A
  1. Cemented
  2. Friction Locked
  3. Threaded
62
Q

Identify the Threaded Pin that was promised to be on our exam:

A

Minim, Silver, .021/.53 (drill diameter in/mm), .024/.61 (pin diameter in/mm)

63
Q

Which type of Kotex twist drill did we use?

A

Depth-limiting

64
Q

How do you drill and place a pin?

A

Determine angulation for twist drill by lining up with external root surface. Drill hole 1.5 mm in from external surface (or two drill diameters inside DEJ).

65
Q

Describe the 2-2-2-2 Rule for using pins:

A 
2 mm pin hole depth
2 drill diameters inside DEJ
2 mm length of pin
2 mm amalgam over pin
(Therefore, you need at least 4 mm depth for pin to work)
66
Q

Use of a depth limiting drill to prepare a pinhole in a non-flat surface results in what?

A

A pinhole of inadequate depth

67
Q

What can be used to substitute for a pin?

A

Retentive Well

68
Q

How many pins should be placed in teeth that require pin placement?

A

One per missing cusp

69
Q

Where should pins be placed in teeth that require pin placement?

A

At the line angles of missing cusps (2mm past DEJ)

70
Q

What type of pins did we use in lab?

A

Minum Silver .021/.53 drill, .024/.61 pin

71
Q

Why do you place CaOH in a prep that is <0.5 mm form the pulp?

A

To form reparative dentin

72
Q

What (chemical name) is dentin conditioner?

A

Polyacrylic acid

73
Q

What is the purpose of dentin conditioner

A

To remove the top smear layer, but keep the smear plugs for retention

74
Q

What liner is not compatible with composite?

A

ZOE

Copalite

D1S Operative 2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions