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am lec midterms > am lec 4 > Flashcards

am lec 4 Flashcards

1
Q

cells will regenerate an electrical impulse that causes the ions to cross the membrane and cause action potential ; cause a wave of movement to pass through the heart muscle

A

depolarization phase

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2
Q

ions will then return to their regular resting state and the heart muscle relaxes

A

repolarization phase

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3
Q

small and round ; bump depolarization

A

p wave

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4
Q

small downward deflection ; septal depolarization

A

q wave

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5
Q

high upward deflection ; left ventricle depolarization

A

r wave

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6
Q

small or large downward deflection ; right ventricle depolarization

A

s wave

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7
Q

a bump seen after QRS complex ; ventricular repolarization

A

t wave

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8
Q

time of movement from atrium to AV bundle

A

PR interval

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9
Q

short isoelectric line between QRS and T wave ; depressed or elevated

A

ST segment

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10
Q

depolarization of entire ventricle ; less than 12 secs

A

QRS complex

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11
Q

baseline absence of electrical activity

A

isoelectric line

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12
Q

first upward deflection ; atrial depolarization ; 10 sec or less

A

p wave

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13
Q

first negative deflection

A

q wave

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14
Q

first positive deflection

A

r wave

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15
Q

negative deflection

A

s wave

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16
Q

concurrent with end of ventricular systole

A

t wave

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17
Q

0.12-0.2 sec ; shorter with faster heart rates

A

PR interval

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18
Q

early repolarization of ventricles

A

ST segment

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19
Q

less than 0.45 sec

A

QT segment

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20
Q

serious arrhythmia

A

ventricular tachycardia

21
Q

causes cardiac output to drop to zero ; represents a true medical emergency

A

ventricular fibrillation

22
Q

a more serious rhythm since it can lead to significant reduction in cardiac output

A

atrial fibrillation

23
Q

rapid depolarization of atria at a rate of 250-350 bpm ; sawtooth pattern

A

atrial flutter

24
Q

occurs as a singular event or often as temporary run of PVCs ; can also occur in bigeminy

A

premature ventricular contraction

25
Q

occurs every other beat

A

bigeminy

26
Q

a vasopressor that is used in cardiac or sinus arrest and ventricular fibrillation

A

epinephrine

27
Q

a vasopressor that is an alternative to epinephrine ; used in pulseless / cardiac arrest

A

vasopressin

28
Q

an anti-arrhythmic for both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias

A

amiodarone

29
Q

an anti-arrhythmic for ventricular tachycardia / fibrillation and PVCs

A

procainamide

30
Q

an anti-arrhythmic for supraventricular arrhythmias or ventricular tachycardia

A

sotalol

31
Q

an anti-arrhythmic that is an alternative to amiodarone for ventricular tachycardia and PVCs

A

lidocaine

32
Q

a drug used for torsades de pointes with a pulse or cardiac arrest

A

magnesium sulfate

33
Q

a ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by fluctuation of QRS complex around the ECG baseline

A

torsades de pointes

34
Q

an anti-arrhythmic for supraventricular tachycardia or bradycardia

A

adenocard

35
Q

a drug used for nodal / sinus bradycardia and asystole

A

atropine sulfate

36
Q

an AV block at the nodal level

A

nodal bradycardia

37
Q

inotropic and chronotropic ; a drug used for cardiogenic shock, hypotension, symptomatic, or bradyarrhythmias

A

dopamine sulfate

38
Q

a vasodilator for relief of chest pain in angina/unstable, antihypertensive, CHF, and ACS

A

nitroglycerin

39
Q

an analgesic for relief and treatment of severe pain and in ACS ; also useful in pulmonary edema

A

morphine

40
Q

a drug that reduce incidence of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia ; hypertension, angina, MI, and supraventricular arrhythmias

A

beta blocker propranolol

41
Q

a drug used for depressed myocardial contractility

A

dobutamine hydrochloride

42
Q

a drug used for bradycardia, heart block, and hypotension

A

isoproterenol hydrochloride

43
Q

a drug used for hypertension

A

sodium nitroprusside

44
Q

a drug used for hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia

A

calcium hydrochloride

45
Q

a drug used to control heart rate in atrial fibrillation and flutter ; e.g. verapamil & diltiazem

A

calcium blockers

46
Q

a drug used to reduce mortality in post AMI patients by limiting infarct expansion ; e.g. enalapril, captopril, lisinopril, and ramipril

A

ACE inhibitors

47
Q

a drug used for protection from ischemic events who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention ; e.g reopro, integrilin, & aggrastat

A

glycoprotein inhibitors anti platelets

48
Q

a type of thrombolytic therapy and a clot busting drugs for acute ischemic stroke, AMI thrombolytic, and STEMI ; e,g. a package has aspirin, heparin, and a thrombolytic agent (alteplase, strptokinase, retavase, or tenecteplase)

A

fibronolytic therapy

am lec midterms (4 decks)

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