Alveolar bone preservation following tooth extraction

Question 1

following an extraction, a blood clot forms within …. and fibrinolysis occurs within … then replacement of coagulum by granulation tissue happens within ….

Answer 1

24 hours

1-3 days

2-4 days

Question 2

following an extraction, a vascular network is formed by the end of …

Answer 2

1 week

Question 3

following an extraction, socket is covered with new connective tissue rich in vessels and inflammatory cells by …

Answer 3

week 2

Question 4

following an extraction, soft tissue becomes keratinized by …

Answer 4

week 4-6

Question 5

following an extraction, at the hard tissue level, the alveolus is filled with woven bone by …

mineral tissue is reinforced with layers of lamellar bone that is deposited on woven bone by …

bone deposition will continue for …. but will not reach coronal bone level of neighboring teeth

Answer 5

4-6 weeks

4-6 months

several months

Question 6

resorption patterns:

there is significantly larger resorption in the … aspect of the alveolus in both the maxilla and the mandible

there is usually formation of a … concavity following healing

Answer 6

buccal

buccal

Question 7

3 factors that may affect the amount of residual bone following tooth extraction

Answer 7

age of the patient

elevation of flap

surgical trauma from extraction

Question 8

a class 1 bone defect is called …

Answer 8

extraction socket (has 4 walls plus the 5th apical “floor”)

Question 9

a class 2 and 3 bone defect is called a …. defect and it is when one wall has this defect

Answer 9

dehiscence

Question 10

a class 4 bone defect is called a …. defect and is when a … or … wall is lost

Answer 10

horizontal

buccal or lingual

Question 11

a class 5 bone defect is called a … defect and it is when … is the issue

Answer 11

vertical

height

Question 12

…. is a guided bone regeneration application at the time of tooth extraction to CONTROL bone resorption

Answer 12

Alveolar Ridge Preservation (ARP)

Question 13

… is a guided regeneration targeting specifically the regeneration of already resorbed or lost bone

Answer 13

Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR)

Question 14

indications for alveolar ridge preservation

Answer 14

when immediate placement isn’t possible

surgical considerations: wound stability
space maintenance
preop/postop conditions

Question 15

contraindications of alveolar ridge preservation

Answer 15

infection

indication for immediate placement (fistula)

soft tissue limitations

Question 16

healing time for bovine bone with collagen membrane

Answer 16

7 months

Question 17

… bone grafting materials act as a scaffold

Answer 17

osteoconductive

Question 18

…. bone grafting materials stimulate the resident cells

Answer 18

osteoinductive

Question 19

which graft material is the only one that is osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive

Answer 19

autogenous

Question 20

allografts are from … … and they are … and …

Answer 20

another individual

osteoinductive and osteoconductive

Question 21

xenografts are from …. and they are mainly …

Answer 21

another species (usually bovine)

osteoconductive

Question 22

4 grafting materials

Answer 22

autogenous
allograft
xenograft
synthetic

Question 23

3 absorbable synthetic grafting materials

Answer 23

plaster of paris

calcium carbonate

absorbable ceramics (tricalcium phosphate and HA which are carriers)

Question 24

what are the non-absorbable grafting materials?

Answer 24

dense HA, porous HA, bioglass and a calcium coated polymer consisting of polymethacrylate and hydroxymethylmethacrylate (PMMA polymer)

Question 25

4 barrier types

Answer 25

expanded polytetrafluorethylene (ePTFE)

titanium reinforced e PTFE

cross-linked bovine collagen barrier (most used)

bioabsorbable polymer formulations: polylactic acid based membranes

Question 26

4 factors affecting the outcome of the ARP

Answer 26

blood supply
space maintenance
membrane stability
tension-free flap closure