Alternatives to Oral Contraceptives

Question 1

Brief history: List some key dates & forms of contraceptions

Answer 1

1880: Rubber condoms available (made by GoodYear)
1928: 1st version of a rubber cap
1930s: Arrival of latex & modern day IUD developed in Germany
1960s: 1st OC approved by FDA

Question 2

What are the top 3 most common methods of contraception used by Canadians? Give percentage use in 15-19yo & >40yo age groups

Answer 2

1. Male condom (74.3% in younger; 42.5% in older)
2. OC (66.6% in younger; 17.1% in older)
3. withdrawal (17.3% in younger; 8.1% in older)

Question 3

What is the average pregnancy rate if no contraception is used?

Answer 3

85% (85/100 women will become pregnancy in 1 year)

*40% pregnancies are unplanned

Question 4

What affects chance of pregnancy (other than contraceptive use)?

Answer 4

Age, time of intercourse w/ regards to menstrual cycle

Question 5

Where in the menstruation cycle is the risk of pregnancy greatest? What about lowest?

Answer 5

Greatest: just prior to ovulation (~day 13)
Least: onset of menses (day 1)

Question 6

How does age affect fertility? (Increase or decrease w/ age?)

Answer 6

Fertility DECREASES w/ age

Question 7

When the greatest decline in birth rates occur in Canada?

Answer 7

1960s (when OCs were introduced)

Question 8

True or False: In the last 20 years, birth rates have declined in women 30years.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

In what year did abortion rates peak in Canada? In what age group was this the most common outcome?

Answer 9

1997. Most common outcome in teenage pregnancy

Question 10

Abortion rates have steadily declined in every age group except for which? Which age group experienced the greatest decline?

Answer 10

Abortion rate in 35-39yo remained the same.

Greatest decline was in teenage women (<20yo)

Question 11

What is the current abortion rate in Canada? And is currently declining or rising?

Answer 11

12-16/1000 women b/w 15-44 yo

Rates are declining by ~1% every year