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Acutely ill patient > Altered consciousness > Flashcards

Altered consciousness Flashcards

1
Q

Which bleed causes a lucid interval?

A

Extradural haematoma

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2
Q

Which bleeds produces a sickle shape on CT?

A

Subdural haematoma

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3
Q

Which bleed is rounded on CT?

A

Extradural haematoma

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4
Q

Who most commonly gets subdural bleeds?

A

Elderly and alcoholics

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5
Q

What causes extradural bleeds?

A

Trauma to the head - fractured temporal or parietal bone lacerating middle meningeal artery + vein - typically trauma to temple

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6
Q

Where does blood accumulate in extradural, subdural, SAH?

A

Extradural - between bone + dura matter
Subdural - between dura + arachnoid matter
SAH - in arachnoid matter - arachnoid villi absorb CSF in arachnoid matter

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7
Q

Management of SAH

A
  • Immediate neurosurg referral
  • Maintain CPP by fluids - aim for high/normotension
  • Nimodipine 60mg 4hrly to reduced cerebral artery vasospasm
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8
Q

What is xanthochromia?

A

On an LP >12hr post SAH - see yellow discolouration of CSF due to bilirubin

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9
Q

When does a subdural haematoma present?

A

It can present a long time after head trauma. Gradually rising ICP

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Acutely ill patient (16 decks)

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