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Physics > Alt to prac > Flashcards

Alt to prac Flashcards

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1
Q

10 light precautions

A
  • carry experiment out in dark room
  • set square to make sure screen is vertical
  • measure distance between lens/object by drawing a vertical line from the middle of the lens holder and measure dinstance from there
  • move lens back/forth until focused image
  • center of lens, object and screen must have same height
  • lens, object and screen must be perpendicular to bench
  • clamp rule/place on bench
  • place pins as far away from each other as possible
  • view pins with one eye
  • view pins from their basses in case one is not vertical
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2
Q

6 precautions of inaccuracy when measuring angles of relection

A
  • thickness of lines
  • thickness of pins/pin holes
  • protractor gives reading nearest to one degree
  • base of pins might be tilted
  • positions of pins might not be exact as ray
  • thickness of mirror
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2
Q

4 precautions of taking readings from thermometer for rate of cooling

A
  • insulate beaker to reduce amount of heat loss
  • repeat and take average
  • stir to ensure water temp is same throughout whole beaker
  • use lid to reduce amount of heat loss
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2
Q

3 precautions from reading voltmeter/ammeter

A
  • repeat experiment several times and take average
  • check for zero error
  • avoid parallax error by looking perpendicular to scale
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3
Q

4 precautions when measuring distances in pivot experiment with masses

A
  • rule is unlikely to balance
  • rule could slide on pivot
  • mass could slide on rule
  • rule isnt uniform so centre of mass of rule is not on the 50cm mark
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4
Q

6 OBSERVATIONS How to make have fair comparison between springs of different material

A
  • same diameter
  • same thickness of psring
  • same range of loads
  • same length of wire
  • same number of coils
  • same coil spacing
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5
Q

2PRECAUTIONS for spring experiment

A
  • look perpendicular to scale of ruler while taking readings
  • wait until spring stops vibrating before vibrating
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6
Q

1 PRECAUTION of thermal experiment

A
  • look perpendicular to the scale of thermometer while taking reading to avoid parallax error
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7
Q

5 CONTROLLED VARIABLES of thermal experiment

A
  • room temp
  • initial temp
  • volume of liquid
  • same beaker and thermometer
  • air current
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8
Q

INACCURACY in thermal experiment

A

heat lost to surroundings

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9
Q

3 WAYS how to overcome INACCURACY in thermal experiments?

A
  • insulate container
  • lid
  • initial temp is approximately equal to room temp
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10
Q

5 CONTROLLED VARIABLES pendulum experiment

A
  • same stopwatch
  • bob released from same height
  • same number of swings
  • same shape of bob
  • same size of bob
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11
Q

4 PRECAUTIONS of pendulum experiment

A
  • no air current in place
  • time number of swings/time
  • repeat and average
  • view perpendicular to rule while measuring height
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12
Q

5 INACCURACIES displacement method

A
  • parallax error
  • student didn’t look from meniscus of liquid
  • splashes when immerging rock
  • air bubbles in rock
  • string is too thick
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13
Q

5 PRECAUTIONS displacement method

A

– shake rock
- thin string
- view perpendicular to scale of cylinder
- look from meniscus
- put rock in gently

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14
Q

4 GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

A
  • live wires should not be touched
  • gloves for hot objects
  • circuit connections are checked
  • when changing components of a circuit, power should be switched off so no one will experience electric shock
15
Q

3 PRECAUTIONS measuring length

A
  • rule parallel to spring
  • view perpendicular to reading
  • use square
16
Q

6 PRECAUTIONS optical experiment

A
  • dark room
  • object/lens are at the same height
  • mark on lens holder to show position of lens center
  • take more readings
  • repeat and average
  • perpendicular while taking readings
17
Q

3 INACCURACIES electricity experiment

A
  • heating effect of current
  • battery used up
  • bad connection of sliding contact
18
Q

2 PRECAUTIONS overcome heat in electricity experiment

A
  • battery of lower emf
  • switch off/on between readings
19
Q

PRECAUTIONS in general for electricity experiments

A
  • view perpendicular while taking readings
  • tap on voltmeter/ammeter to check pointer is free to move
  • take several readings and average
20
Q

2 variables are directly proportional if…

A
  • straight line with positive gradient
  • line passes through origin
  • ratio is constant
21
Q

how to compare between 2 results to know experimental limit

A
  • divide greater number by smaller one
  • multiply DECIMAL of the result by 100 to the percentage error

if below 10% = results are equal within experimental accuracy
if above 10% = results are not equal within experimental accuracy

Physics (6 decks)

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