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Anesthesia Pharm II-Josh > Alpha and Beta Antagonist ppt > Flashcards

Alpha and Beta Antagonist ppt Flashcards

1
Q

The autonomic nerouns are divided into what 2 parts

A

preganglionic and post ganglionic

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2
Q

which sneurons leaves the spinal cord fromthe cranial, thoracic and lumbar or sacral region to form a synaptic connection

A

preganglionic

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3
Q

which nerons section sends their axons directly to the effector organ?

A

post ganglionic

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4
Q

Most Postganglionic autonomic nerves are what?

A

Nonmylinated and have slow conductino

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5
Q

Most preganglionic neurons are what

A

mylinated an dhave fast conduction

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6
Q

there are ___ segmentally arranged ganglia that cansit of 2 chains bilat down spinal cord

A

22

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7
Q

which ganlionic nerves are short and which are long?

A

pre short

post long

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8
Q

what NT mediates synaptic transmission B/T preganglionic and post ganglionic nerve fiber in the Sympathetic pathway

A

ACh

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9
Q

what is the NT if the postganglionic sypathetic nerve pathway (at the end organ junction)

A

NE

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10
Q

sites that use ACh as their NT are termed

A

cholinergic

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11
Q

sites that use NE as the NT are termed

A

adrenergic

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12
Q

*****************************************

the adrenal Medulla unlike the postganglionic sympathetic nerve terminal, releases what as it’s primary catecholamine

A

Epinephrine

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13
Q

a good pic to refer to notice the short preganlionic neurons and the long postganglionic neurons.

also notice the PNS vs the SNS and thier NT

A
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14
Q

Autonomic regulation of periphreral involuntary organs

most organs receive duel innervation consiting of _____ and _____ components

if blockade of one system is acheived it leads to ________ of response by the other

A

SNS and PNS

exaggeration

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15
Q

******************************************

in both the SNS and PNS ganglia the NT released by the preganglionic neurons is what?

A

ACh

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16
Q

another pic to look at understand and master

A
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17
Q

**********************

the postganglionic sympathetic NT is what

A

NE

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18
Q

******************************

the post ganglionic parasympathetic NT is what

A

ACh

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19
Q

how is ACh broken down

A

via acetylcholinesterase into acetic acid and choline

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20
Q

How is NE broken down

A

MAO

COMT

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21
Q

what are the 2 types of ADRENERGIC receptors

A

alpha

Beta

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22
Q

what are the 2 types of CHOLINERGIC receptors

A

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

23
Q

********************

Alpha 1

A

Vasoconstricin

Increased inotropy

24
Q

***********

alpha 2

A

decreased SNS flow

NE release inhibited

Vasodilation

Decreased Chronotropy

25
Q

*************

Beta 1

A

Increased Chronotropy

Increased Inotropy

Increased Dromotropy

26
Q

***********

Beta 2

A

Increased inotropy

Increased Chronotropy

periphreal vasodilation

bronchodilation

works on pipes arteries and bronchi

27
Q

what do Alpha antagonist do

A

interfere with the ability of catecholamines to provoke an alpha response

prevents effects of catecholamines on heart and vasculature

Inhbitory actin of epinephrine on insulin secretion

28
Q

Main SE of alpha blockers

A

orthostatic hypotension

reflex tachycardia

impotence

29
Q

**************

MOA r/t binding of the Aplha blockers

phentolamine, prazosin, and yohimbine

A

competative antagonist (reversiable

30
Q

***********

MOA r/t binding with the alpha blocker Phenoxybenzamine

A

Covalently bonds

31
Q

**********************

4 ex of alpha antagonist

A

phentolamine

prazosin

yohimbine

Phenoxybenzamine

32
Q

************

which Alpha blocker is selective for alpha 1 receptors

A

Prazosin

33
Q

******************

which Alpha blocker is selective for alpha 2 receptors

A

yohimbine

34
Q

**************

which 2 alpha blockers are nonselective antagonist

A

phentolamine and

Phenoxybenzamine

35
Q

phentolamin causes peripheral vasodilation and decreased B/p how fast? last how long

A

with in 2 min

10-15 min

36
Q

what is the principle use for phentolamine

A

tx of acute htn emergencies such as introp manipulation of pheochromocytoma or autonomic hyperreflexia

37
Q

*****************

onset and duration of Phenoxybenamine

A

60 min

1/2 time 24 hours 9cumulative)

due to covalent bond

38
Q

*****************clinical uses of phenoxybenzamine

A

pre-op control of bp in phenochromoctoma

excessive vasoconstriction in hemorrhagic shock

39
Q

what is yohimbine used for

A

for rare pt with idiopathic orthostatic hypotensino

40
Q

which Alpha blocker is less likely to cause reflex tachycardia

A

prazosin

41
Q

Beta antogonist are derivative of what beta-agonist drug

A

isoproterenol

42
Q

*************************************************

which beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist is the only one cleared by plasma hydrolysis

A

Esmolol

43
Q

******************************************************

what are the onle 2 beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist

that have active metabolites

A

propranolol

acebutolol

44
Q

what types of pts are selective B1 blockers good for and why

A

for asthma and COPDers

b/c it will save B2 effects

45
Q

*******************************

which BB has rapid onset, is a short acting B 1 selective antagonist, and onlt administered IV

A

esmolol

46
Q

********************

the full effect of esmolol is evident within how long?

and ceases after how long

A

5 min

10-30

47
Q

***************************

contraindications for BB

A

AV Blockheart failure

48
Q

********************

what is teh drug of choice for massive BB overdose

and why?

A

Glucagon 1-10mg IV

bc it stimulates adecylate cyclase and increases intracellular cAMP

49
Q

**********************

Beta 2 receptor stimulation tends to facilitate the movement of what intracellularly

A

K+

50
Q

***************************************

what drug is a Selective A-1 and non-selective B-1 and B-2 blocker

A

labetalol

51
Q

************************with labetalol

the beta to alpha blocking potentcy is __:__ for oal and __:__ for IV

A

3: 1
7: 1

52
Q

DONE

A

Bitches

53
Q

I said done

A

Bitches

Anesthesia Pharm II-Josh (8 decks)

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