alloys Flashcards
1
Q
scandium forms how many alloys?
A
one.
2
Q
what is the first alloy in the curriculum?
A
scandium- Aluminum alloy.
3
Q
What is scandium aluminum alloy used in?
A
in the manufacture of meg fighter jets.
4
Q
what is scandium used in?
A
used in the mercury vapor lamps.
5
Q
which is the most active, has limited uses, and is also one of the rarest elements in the first transition series?
A
scandium
6
Q
what are mercury vapor lamps used for?
A
they are used to produce light with high quality thus used in TV photography at night
7
Q
what is the second alloy in your curriculum?
A
titanium- aluminum alloy
8
Q
Titanium aluminum alloy is used in what?
A
manufacture of space shuttles and aircrafts
9
Q
TiO2 compound is used in what?
A
manufacture of sun protection cosmetics
10
Q
Titanium is used in medicine in what?
A
dental implants and artificial joints
11
Q
vanadium is added to which alloy/element? and why?
A
added to steel, to form an alloy which is used in the manufacture of car springs.
12
Q
what is the most important compound of vanadium? and what are it’s uses?
A
vanadium penta oxide, used in the manufacture of dyes used in ceramics and glass industry, and used as a catalyst in the manufacture of superconducting magnets.
13
Q
Element which forms a non-porous layer on it’s surface?
A
chromium
14
Q
elements used to plate other metals?
A
chromium, nickel and zinc
15
Q
element used in leather tanning?
A
chromium
16
Q
elements used in dry cells, dry batteries?
A
Manganese MnO2, Cobalt and Nickel (Nickel cadmium battery?
17
Q
used as fungicide?
A
Mnganese sulphate MnSo4 and cupper sulphate CuSo4
18
Q
used as insecticide?
A
CuSo4
19
Q
used in purification of water?
A
CuSo4
20
Q
used to detect glucose suger?
A
fehling solution changes from blue to orange
21
Q
used as oxidizing agent?
A
K2Cr2O7, KMnO4 and MnO2
22
Q
used as an antiseptic?
A
KMnO4 and as an oxidizing agen
23
Q
added to steel?
A
Vanadium (car springs), Manganese ( railway tracks)
24
Q
added to Aluminum ?
A
scandium (Meg fighter jets). Titanium ( space shuttles and aircrafts). Manganese (soft drink cans)
25
used in making dyes?
Vanadium pentaoxide and chromium 3 oxide. Cr2O3
26
can be magnetized ?
Iron, cobalt and Nickel
27
has 12 radioactive isotops?
cobalt
28
used in food preserving process, in detection of cracks and welding connection?
cobalt 60 isotope.
29
used in medicine?
Titanium and cobalt 60 isotope (in malignancy diagnosis and it's treatment)
30
it's alloy with iron is hard, resist rusting and the effect of acid?
Nickel
31
used in heating coils in electric furnaces?
Nickel-chromium alloy.
32
the first discovered metal? it's alloy with tin known as bronze alloy?
copper
33
used in cosmetics?
TiO2 and ZnO.
34
used in paints, rubbers?
zno
35
used in illuminating paints and x-ray screens?
ZnS
36
The energy required to excite the unpaired electron in d-sublevel =energy of?
visible light
37
The fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust?
Iron
38
how many ores does the iron have?
4
39
what are they?
Heamatite, Magnetite, limonite and sederite.
40
Ore has blood red colour?
Heamatite
41
ore has black colour? magnetic properties and high density?
Magnetic iron oxide ( Magnetite)
42
Ore has yellow colour? and is reduced easily?
Limonite
43
Ore had Yellowish grey colour and is easily reduced?
sederite
44
The element which has the electronic configuration { Ar } , 3d10 , 4s2 is?
Zinc
45
The maximum oxidation number of any transition element doesn’t exceed its group number , excluding group ………… elements
1B copper, silver and gold.
46
four elements A , B , C , D element A has no colured compounds , the oxide of element B is used in the manufacture of dyes used in ceramics , element C is used in the manufacture of Mig fighter jets and element D is characterized by the highest oxidation number .
Zinc , vanadium , scandium , manganese
47
Transition metals have high melting and boiling point , because of?
Forming strong metallic bonds
48
Which metal is the most likely to be used in an electrical wiring?
cooper
49
Iron is found in a free state in the?
Meteorites
50
ore dressing stages?
```
A) improving physical properties
1)crushing.
2) sintering.
3) purification and concentration process.
B) Improving chemical properties.
Roasting process
```
51
stages of iron extraction?
1) Ore dressing.
2) reduction process.
3) Iron production.
52
Siderite is roasted in air by heating to convert it to
heamatite
53
What are the methods used to increase the percentage of iron in the purification and concentrating process?
surface tension
magnetic separation
electric separation
54
The chemical formula of siderite ore is
FeCO3
55
iron production process takes place in what furnaces?
The oxygen converter
The open hearth furnace
the electric furnace
56
Water gas which is used in the reduction of iron oxides in the midrex furnace , resulting from
Methane
57
iron is different from the rest of the elements which precede in the first transition series , because it?
it doesn't reach the maximum oxidation state which corresponds to the removal of all electrons of 4s and 3d sublevel.
58
Iron dissolved in dil acids giving?
Iron II salts
59
On adding ammonia hydroxide solution to the product of the reaction between iron and chloride , a ………………. Ppt is formed
Reddish brown
60
FeO reacts with dil. Acids to give
Iron II salt and water
61
On heating iron III hydroxide above 200 c , …………….. is produced
Iron III oxide
62
The passivity of iron conc. Nitric acid is due to the formation of a thin layer of ……………… on the metal surface
Oxide
63
what is passivity?
formation of a non-porous oxide layer when concentrated nitric acid reacts with some metals like iron.
64
an oxide used in red pigments in paints?
Iron 3 oxide Fe2O3
65
Cementite alloy is one of Iron alloys
(i) White is the type of cementite alloy:…………………………………………………….
(ii) Why does not cementite chemical formula obey valence laws?
intermetallic alloy
66
write an equation for a reaction catalyzed by the following substances
Fe, V2O5 (vanadium penta oxide.)
Fe used as a catalyst in the preparation of Ammonia gas by haber-boshc's method.
Vanadium penta oxide used as a catalyst in the preparation of sulphuric acid.
S(g) + O2 → SO2(g) + Δ
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ SO3 (g) (this process is the one catalyzed by vanadium penta oxide).
SO3 (l) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (aq)
67
explain why cu+ is not coloured?
Because the orbitals of D sublevel in Cu+ are completely filled, so there is no single electron to be excited easily by the energy of visible light.
68
why do transition elements form coloured ions?
Due to the precence of unpaired electrons in D-sublevel which can be excited easily by the energy of visible light, so the element absorbs the light whose energy equals the energy required to excite the unpaired electron in D sublevel and reflects the contemporary colour which is seen by the eye.
69
why do transition elements form complex compound?
Because they have more than one oxidation state.
70
Explain why Zn is not classified as transition element?
Because either in it's atomic state or it's only oxidation state +2, The orbitals or D sublevel are completely filled and this disobeys the general definition of the transition elements which states that for an element to be considered a transition element, it has to have a partially filled D-sublevel in either it's atomic state or one of it's oxidation states, thus Zinc is not considered a transition element.
71
what are the only elements known to produce a magnetic field?
Fe, Co and Ni.
| Iron, Cobalt and Nickel.
72
how many preparation methods of FeO available?
2 methods.
1) By heating Iron2 oxalate aways from air.
2) By reducing higher oxides.
73
how many methods are there to prepare Fe2O3?
2 methods.
1) By heating Iron 2 sulphate.
2) By adding Aqueos solution of Iron 3 chloride to Ammonium hydroxide then heating the resultant Iron 3 hydroxide.
74
How many methods are there to prepare Fe3O4?
2 methods.
1) By passing hot air or steam on red hot iron.
2) By reducing Fe2O3 at a temperature of 230-300.
75
reduction of Fe203 produces two different oxides, name them, and mention how to obtain them.
produces FeO (Iron 2 oxide) and Fe3O4 (Magnetic iron oxide)
1) Fe2O3 is reduced and heated under temperature of 400-700 degree to obtain FeO.
2) Fe2O3 is reduced and heated under temperature of 230-300 degree to obtain Fe3O4.
76
FeO reacts with which acids to form which salts?
Reacts with Dil acids to form Iron 2 salts.
77
Fe203 Reacts with which acid to form which salt?
Reacts with hot Conc. acids only to form Iron 3 salts.
78
Fe2O3 is a mixture of how many oxides?
Is a mixture of 2 oxides, Feo and Fe2O3
79
Fe3O4 reacts with which acids to form which salt?
reacts with hot conc. acids only to form both Iron 2 salts and Iron 3 salts and water.
80
Iron reacts with hot conc. sulphuric acid to give what?
| while Fe3O4 reacts with hot con. sulphuric acid to give what?
both of them give Iron 2, Iron 3 salts and water.
| However, Fe gives So2 gas as well which has an irritating smell.
81
Fe reacts with dil. acids to give what?
while FeO reacts with dil acids to give what?
what is the only difference between the two reactions?
both of them give the same salt.
The only difference is that fe+dil.acid gives hydrogen gas which burns with blue flame and a pop sound, while FeO+ dil.acid gives water.
82
The common product among all the reactions of Iron oxides and acids wether they are dil or hot.con?
water is the common product among all the reactions of Iron oxides with acids.
83
An oxide which is easily oxidized in air?
FeO
84
A higher oxide when oxidized in air gives another high oxide?
Magnetic iron oxide, gives Fe2O3
85
what happens when Fe id=s added to conc. Nitric acid?
No reasction occurs.
86
what are the physcial properties of transition elements?
atomic mass, atomic size, metallic properties and Magnetic properties.
