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Chemistree > Alloy and metals > Flashcards

Alloy and metals Flashcards

1
Q

Explain 2 properties of pure metals

A
  • maleable: arrangement of metal atoms are not perfect
    Metal atoms can slide and settle into new positions
  • ductile: layers of metal atoms can slide and over one another
    -high melting and boiling point: F. O. A between closely packed metal atoms are very strong. More heat energy is required.
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2
Q

Define allow

A

Ally os the combination of 2 or more elements with a fixed composition and the main element being a metal

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3
Q

Why are alloys more resistant to corrosion

A

It prevents the formation of metal oxides on the metal surface. Additional elements added into pure metal will form a good protective layer of metal oxide which is non porous, and sticks to the metal surface. This prevents corrosion of metal.

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4
Q

What is pewter made of

A

Antimony
Copper
Tin

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5
Q

State 3 uses of duralumin and the property which supports its uses

A

Body of aeroplanes
Racing tracks
Electrical cables
-low density

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6
Q

What alloy is used to make surgical instruments, cutleries and sinks?

A

Stainless steel

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7
Q

State 2 properties of steel

A

Stronger and harder

Malleable

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8
Q

What does bronze consist of?

A

Copper

Tin

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9
Q

What does brass consist of?

A

Copper

Zinc

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10
Q

What does duralumin consist of?

A

Aluminium
Copper
Magnesium
Manganese

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11
Q

State a property of superconductors

A

They have low electrical resistance at very low temperature

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12
Q

What is the main element in glass?

A

Silicon dioxide // silica

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13
Q

State 3 properties of glass

A

Transparent
Waterproof
Heat insulator

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14
Q

Explain the structure of glass?

A

1 silicon atom attaches to 4 oxygen molecules to form a tetragonal shape.
Each oxygen mol. attaches to 2 silicon atoms to form a macromolecule

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15
Q

What type of glass is most suitable for lab apparatus?

A

Borosilicate glass

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16
Q

Explain how fused glass is produced

A

Silicon dioxide is heated until completely molten and then cooled immediately. Silica does not crystalize completely and this resembles liquid state

17
Q

Name 2 glass which has high thermal coefficient of expansion

A

Fused glass

Borosilicate glass

18
Q

Explain how soda lime glass is formed

A

Silicon dioxide is heated with soda and limestone at 1500°c and cooled quickly.

19
Q

What is the function of sodium carbonate when making sodalime glass

A

To lower the melting point of silica

20
Q

What is borosilicate glass made of?

A 
Boron oxide
Alluminium oxide
Soda
Limestone
Silica
21
Q

State 2 properties of borosilicate glass

A

Can withstand extreme temperature change

Resistant to chemical sttacks

22
Q

Why is lead crystal glass used to make chandeliers

A

It has high refractive index

23
Q

What is the synonym of lead crystal glass

A

Lead glass

Crystal glass

24
Q

How are ceramics made?

A

Clay is dried and baked at high temperature

25
Q

What is silicon carbide

A

A advanced ceramic

26
Q

Why is silicon carbide used to make brake disc

A

It can withstand high thermal shock

Can withstand high temperature

27
Q

What is another use of silicon carbide. why?

A

To make tungsten carbide rings. It is resistant to abrasions

28
Q

State 3 properties of ceramics and its uses

A

Chemically inert - plates / bowls
Resistant to heat - lining of furnace
Hard and strong - artificial hands/ dental implantation

29
Q

State 2 diff between glass and ceramics

A

Glass : ceramics
Transparent : opaque
Non porous : porous
Lower melting point : higher melting point

30
Q

What is a composite material?

A

A material made by combining 2 or more non-homogenous substances that is a strengthening and matrix substance

31
Q

What are the uses of fibre glass?

A

Helmets

Car bumpers

32
Q

What are the benefits of using optical fibre.how?

A

It can transmit information without being influenced by electromagnetic disturbances. This is due to the diff refractive index of its components.

33
Q

What is the use use of copper(I) chloride in photochromic glass

A

As a catalyst to catalyse the recombine silver atoms and chloride gas.

34
Q

What is photochromic glass made of?

A

Glass (matrix)
AgCl
CuCl

35
Q

Why is advanced ceramics used in MRI?

A

It has superconductivity properties

36
Q

State 2 benefits of using reinforced concrete than its original components.

A

Higher compression strength
Resistant to corrosion
High stretching strength

37
Q

What happens when photochromic glass is exposed to UV rays

A

Silver chloride breaks down into silver atoms and chlorine gas.

Chemistree (1 decks)

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