Alles

Question 1

three socio-ecological sustainability transitions?

Answer 1

resilience, pathways, spheres of transformation

Question 2

pathways sustainability transition how to

Answer 2

set a goal
map out
different pathways

Question 3

resilience sustainability transition

Answer 3

disruption, destruction, regeneratio

Question 4

spheres of transformation how to

Answer 4

transformation, innovation

Question 5

Three causation perspectives

Answer 5

Industrial production perspective, final consumption perspective, material use perspective

Question 6

HIPCO

Answer 6

Habitat, Invasive, Pollution, Climate, Overexploitation

Question 7

Social foundation of the doughnut economy (12)

Answer 7

water, food, health, education, income, work, peace and justice, political voice, social equity, gender equality, housing, networks, energy

Question 8

things that we have already exceeded the ecological boundary of in the doughnut

Answer 8

1 biodiversity loss
2 nitrogen and phosphorus loading
3 climate change
4land conversion

Question 9

things that we will exceed the boundary of in the current trajectory

Answer 9

1 ozone layer depletion
2 ocean acidification
3 chemical pollution
4 air pollution
5 freshwater withdrawals

Question 10

counting the carbon of where products are produced

Answer 10

production-based carbon calculations (paris agreement)

Question 11

The final user is the one responsible for the emissions of the whole journey

Answer 11

consumption-based carbon calculations

Question 12

the people that benefit from the extraction of resources should pay for the emissions

Answer 12

extraction-based carbon calculations

Question 13

the emission debts go to the person that benefits the most financially from the life cycle emissions

Answer 13

value added carbon calculations

Question 14

example of production-based carbon calculations

Answer 14

paris agreement

Question 15

how much percentage do cities use in global energy consumption and ghg emissions

Answer 15

70

Question 16

how much share of the materials do cities consume

Answer 16

75

Question 17

three visions in cultural theory and LCA

Answer 17

individualist, hierarchist, egalitarian

Question 18

What is individualist LCA

Answer 18

based on the market responsibility

Question 19

Hierarchist LCA example

Answer 19

China, top-down

Question 20

chemical -> consequence of chemical process -> area of protection

Answer 20

the recipe method

Question 21

Biodiversity encompasses… (according to WWF)

Answer 21

genetic variation within species
variety and population abundance of species in an ecosystem
habitats across a landscape

Question 22

Examples of biodiversity measures

Answer 22

Living Planet index; population data, abundance
IUCN red list of threatened species

Question 23

transition mode; polycentric governance, human-nature integration, lack of structural solutions, symbiotic relationship human-nature, maximum resilience

Answer 23

socio-ecological sustainability transitions

Question 24

transition mode; barriers and opportunities for systemic change research, energy, mobility, housing, economic, social, psychological incentivisation, incremental change, technology innovation, processes,

Answer 24

socio-technical sustainability transitions

Question 25

Multilevel perspective (socio-technical)

Answer 25

Regime, niche, landscape

Question 26

landscape example

Answer 26

neoliberalism, war

Question 27

niche example

Answer 27

research facilities, tech-entrepreneurship

Question 28

regime example

Answer 28

cars; infrastructure, insurance, licence

Question 29

analysis for transitions; capitalism, neoliberalism, cultural

Answer 29

socio-economic analysis

Question 30

system transition approach; often non-governmental, grassroot, community, polycentric, bottom-up, local

Answer 30

action-oriented perspective on system transitions

Question 31

group may fail to anticipate a problem

Answer 31

forgetting, analogies, experience, accounting

Question 32

group may fail to perceive

Answer 32

tools, managers, invisible, landscape amnesia

Question 33

group may fail to deal with problem

Answer 33

rational bad behaviour; conflict, egoism, inequality irrational bad behaviour; psychology, denial

Question 34

might fail to solve it

Answer 34

lack of capacity to solve too little too late trade-off is too expensive bad plan

Question 35

4 types of transitions

Answer 35

egalitarian, fatalist, hierarchist, indivudalist

Question 36

neo-malthusians, limitations on nature

Answer 36

when we exceed natures limitations, it will come to punish us

Question 37

economic optimists

Answer 37

the market will save us

Question 38

we need to change the manner in which we distribute resources

Answer 38

distributionists

Question 39

niche innovation, unstable regime takes opportunity from niche to reconfigure, landscape developments put pressure on regime

Answer 39

disturbances in the MLP

Question 40

freeriders, common resource pools, network communities

Question 41

2 ways to solve freeriding

Answer 41

restriction and incentives