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Allergy and Immunology > Allergy and Immunology > Flashcards

Allergy and Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

opsonization

A

AB binds to pathogen –> tag for phagocytosis

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2
Q

What cells do B cells differentiate into?

A

Memory cells

Effector cells = plasma cells

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3
Q

Function of effector cells

A

produce AB

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4
Q

Function of memory cells

A

has receptor that recognize pathogens

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5
Q

Function of MHC 2 in phagocytosis

A

B cell takes in antigen –> present on surface w/MHC2 complex –> mark for phagocytosis and recognized by helper T cells

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6
Q

MHC 1

A

on all nucleated cells

tag as healthy or not

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7
Q

What do activated helper T cells do?

A

replicate and differentiate into memory and effector helper T cells

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8
Q

What do effector helper T cells do?

A

release cytokines

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9
Q

cytotoxic T cell function

A

recognize MHC1 complexes showing infections –> direct attack or cause bad cell to destroy itself

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10
Q

What cell is attracted to MHC 1 complex and what does it do?

A

CD4 helper T cells –> activates B cell and release cytokines

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11
Q

What cell is attracted to MHC 2 complex and what does it do?

A

CD8 cytotoxic T cells –> kill bad cells

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12
Q

What type of immunity are NK cells and what is its function?

A

innate immunity, FAST

release chemicals/cytokines to destroy cell, against viral infections

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13
Q

pus is formed from

A

dead neutrophil at site of infection

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14
Q

leukocytosis

A

high levels of WBC

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15
Q

leukocytopenia

A

low level of WBC

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16
Q

immunoglobulin associated with allgeric rxns and what does it do?

A

IgE: activate mast cell –> release histamines, attract eosinophils

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17
Q

immunoglobulin in breast milk

A

IgA

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18
Q

which immunoglobulin crosses placenta to fetus?

A

IgG

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19
Q

What immunoglobulin is deficient in celiac disease?

A

IgA

20
Q

Function of phagocytes

A
  1. engulf and break up pathogen (innate immunity)

2. attach pathogen peptides to MHC2 and attach at surface –> SPECIFIC immunity

21
Q

What is the effect of innate immune response?

A

inflammation

22
Q

DiGeorge Syndrome TRIAD

A

Absent thumus
Absent parathyroids (hypocalcemia)
Tetralogy of Fallot (cardiac)

23
Q

DigGeorge Syndrome facial characteristics

A

abnormal facies
cleft palate
flat nasal bridge
upturned nose

24
Q

Hyper IgM syndrome lab findings

A

High IgM 350-1000mg/dl
IgA, IgG very low
neutropenia

25
Q

Cause of hyper IgM syndrome

A

CD4 T cell defect in signaling

26
Q

Lab findings of IgA deficiency

A

5 mg/dL IgA

27
Q

“Bubble boy” disorder

A

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

28
Q

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) characteristic

A

NO T and B cell function

29
Q

SCID treatment

A

PCP prophylaxis
IVIg
Stem cell transplant

30
Q

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Triad

A

eczema
thrombocytopenia
recurrent infections

31
Q

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome dysfunction

A

T cell dysfunction

32
Q

X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton Syndrome)

A

no mature B cells in peripheral –> affects AB production
tyrosine kinase deficiency
Deficient IgG/M/A

33
Q

Who is affected by X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton Syndrome)

A

boys

34
Q

What is missing in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton Syndrome)

A

NO TONSILS, ADENOIDS, peripheral nodes

35
Q

In which diseases might Complement testing be most helpful?

A

diagnose angioedema

36
Q

Which of the types of WBCs might you expect to see in a patient with allergies?

A

eosinophils

37
Q

What specific tests may be used to check B cell function?

A

quantitative serum immunoglobulins via protein electrophoresis

38
Q

What specific tests may be used to check T cell function?

A

TREC analysis
CBCDI
Anergy panels

39
Q

What types of allergy testing will and will not elicit an immune response in your patient?

A

RAST/ELISA - wont bc testing serum

Skin prick/patch - will

40
Q

What types of medications might interfere with results of allergy testing?

A

H1/H2 anti-histamines

glucocorticoids

41
Q

What is anergy?

A

lack of reaction by immune system to antigen (but previously could)

42
Q

quantitative serum immunoglobulins

A

electrophoresis patterns shows hallmark of chronic diseases

43
Q

How long should you wait after receiving blood product to gt vaccine?

A

3 weeks

44
Q

How long should you wait after receiving blood product to get vaccine?

A

3 weeks

45
Q

what type of vaccine is rotavirus

A

oral and live

Allergy and Immunology (1 decks)

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