ALL UNITS Flashcards

1
Q

Define rule of rule of law

A

Everyone, including the government, has to follow the same laws.

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2
Q

Describe what it means to petition the government.

A

Petition the government is basically asking the government to take action to address a problem; to fix a wrong or a policy.

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3
Q

Under what circumstances did John Locke believe that people have a right to abolish or change the government?

A

People have a right to abolish or change the government if they feel like their rights are being taken away/threatened.

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4
Q

How did the Declaration of Independence express the purpose of government?

A

D.O.I expressed the purpose of government by stating its role is to secure the unalienable (not capable of being taken away) rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

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5
Q

Which weakness in the Articles of Confederation affected the national debt the most?

A

Not having a common currency which caused inability to tax and regulate commerce.

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6
Q

Which weakness affected the interstate disputes the most?

A

No supreme court

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7
Q

Describe the Great Compromise.

A

Brought the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan together.

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8
Q

What impact did the Northwest Ordinance have on America’s future, even after the end of the Articles of Confederation?

A

It established a process for admitting new states to the Union.

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9
Q

List out the entity that represents each branch and state their role in regards to the law.

A

Executive: President (Commander of Chief); implementing and enforcing laws
Legislative: The House of Representatives; make laws
Judicial: U.S Supreme Court; responsible for interpreting and applying the laws.

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10
Q

Describe separation of powers

A

Separation of powers is the division of government into three branches.

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11
Q

Describe checks and balances

A

A system where to check that no government becomes too powerful than the other.

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12
Q

What is the definition of a duty as it pertains to being a U.S. citizen? Give an example.

A

A responsibility that you have to fulfill for the benefit of your country.

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13
Q

How did the Nullification Crisis begin and end and how did it affect the country moving forward?

A

The Federal Government passed off a tariff in 1832. SC nullified the law because it was unconstitutional. It caused a lot of disagreement/tension between the states. It almost caused a war.

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14
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

A negotiation happened between the US and France in 1803; TJ wanted to control the important parts of New Orleans.

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15
Q

Texas

A

Texas declared independence from Mexico in 1836 and then became a US state in 1845.

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16
Q

Mexican Cession

A

Mexico lost a large portion of its northern territories to the US through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848.

17
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

Entered as a slave state
Maine entered as free state
30,36 Line (allowed slavery above the line)

18
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

Washington abolished Slave trade
California wanted to enter as a free state
Amended the Fugitive Slave act

19
Q

How did the Dawes Act impact Native Americans?

A

It assimilated Native Americans into mainstream American society by dividing tribal lands into individual allotments for private ownership. (NA who accepted the division were allowed to become US citizens).

20
Q

What are the five rights mentioned in the first amendment of the U.S. Constitution?

A

Freedom of Speech
Freedom of Religion
Freedom of Press
Freedom of assembly
The right to petition the government

21
Q

Marbury vs. Madison

A

Established judicial review

22
Q

Plessy vs. Ferguson

A

It legalized segregation and Jim Crow Laws

23
Q

Dred Scott vs. Sanford

A

African Americans did not gain the right to be US citizens therefore, they had no protection from the federal government. Increased division between the North and the South.

24
Q

Gideon vs. Wainwright

A

It guaranteed the right to legal counsel for criminal defendants in federal and state courts.

25
Q

Miranda vs. Arizona

A

Make people accused of crimes be aware of all their rights and seek; have equal access to counsel.

26
Q

Brown vs. Board of Education

A

It prohibited racial segregation in schools.