all unit 5 Flashcards
compass
used to measure objects azimuth
azimuth??
angle measured clockwise from North
altitude??
angle above horizon
astrolabe???
device used to measure the altitude of an object
who thought the earth was the centre of the universe(geocentric)???
Aristotle & Ptolemy
who thought the sun was the centre
(heliocentric)???
Copernicus
how do we know the sun rotates??
spots moved across surface and disappeared
how does having a larger lens on a telescope help??
produces finer detail
refracting telescope???
have lens for their objective & give better images than reflector telescopes
reflecting telescopes???
overcome problem or different colours not focusing & can be made very large
law of universal gravitation??
there is gravitational force between all objects (gravity pulls planets towards sun)
why do stars twinkle??
motion of earths atmosphere refracts the light randomly ADAPTIVE OPTICS HELP CANCEL OUT TWINKLING WHEN LOOKING THROUGH TELESCOPE
light year??
distance that light travels in one year
astronomical unit??
distance from earth to the sun
electromagnetic radiation??
light, radio waves, infrared waves(heat), ultraviolet waves, X-rays and gamma rays
radio astronomy??
uses radio waves to learn about the composition of stars
radio objects??
objects in space that give off large amounts of radio waves
what is the brightest radio object in our galaxy??
the sun followed by jupiter
radio telescopes??
gave astronomers lots of information about the universe because they could penetrate dust clouds
spectroscope??
passes a beam of light through a prism to produce a spectrum of colour
three types of spectra???
1) BRIGHT LINE SPECTRUM
- only bright lines
2) CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM
- colour all blend together
3) DARK LINE SPECTRUM
- dark lines on colours
star approaching??
BLUE SHIFTED!!!!
star moving away???
RED SHIFTED!!!!
what is a rocket??
tube that contains combustible material in one end and a payload on the other
payload??
device that rocket carries
how does a rocket work???
action/reaction principal
ballistic missile???
a bomb powered by a rocket engine
why did the Americans capture Werner Von Braun???
he knew how to make ballistic missiles so they made him help launch the first U.S. space program
job of early computers???
calculate and control orbits of space crafts
gravitational assist???
uses gravity of a planet to speed up rocket and change direction
CCD??
charge couple devices convert light signals into electric signals in digital format
Hubble telescope??
named after Edwin Hubble launched April 1990
communication satellites??
used for radio, television and telephones
low orbit satellite??
200-800 km high
USED FOR TELEPHONES
what is abbey???
a hoe!!!!
celestial bodies??
sun, moon, stars and planets
geosynchronous orbit??
36000 km high
synchronized with earths rotation
RADIO AND TELEVISION
remote sensing???
taking measurements of earth from space
- shows healthy/unhealthy vegetation
- tracks erosion
- image water pollution
- track weather
sun??
huge good of mostly hydrogen
so hot gases glow
terrestrial planets??
rocky composition
MERCURY VENUS EARTH AND MARS
gas planets??
JUPITER SATURN URANUS
why is Pluto not a planet??
-dwarf planet
TO BE A PLANET IT MUST DOMINATE ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD
lunar eclipse??
when the earth comes between the sun and the moon
solar eclipse??
when the moon comes between the earth and sun
first successful orbit of a satellite??
SPUTNIK 1 (1957)
first man in space??
Yuri Gagarin VOSTOK 1 (1961)
TOOK 108 MINUTES
Apollo program??
goal was to send 3 people to the moon
NEIL ARMSTRONG
Skylab??
United States first space station
space shuttle??
- shaped like a plane
- carried crew to international space station
hazards of living in space??
we need earth like environment to survive
microgravity??
when the force of gravity is greatly reduced
electrolysis??
splits water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen
frame of reference??
set of axes used to describe position or motion of objects
