All Things Psychology Flashcards
What are four approaches to think about motivation and name the source?
Behavioral - extrinsic
Social learning - extrinsic and intrinsic
Cognitive - intrinsic
Humanistic - intrinsic
Who are the key theorists for the 4 approaches of motivation?
Behavioural - Skinner
Social learning - Bandura
Cognitive - Weiner, Covington
Humanistic - Maslow, Deci
What is the brief importance / influence for behavioural approach?
Reinforces, rewards, incentives and punisher
What is the brief importance / influence for social learning?
Value of goals (intrinsic), expectation of reaching goals (extrinsic)
What is the brief importance / influence for cognitive motivation?
Beliefs, attribution for success nd failure, expectations
What is the brief importance / influence for Humanistic motivation?
Need for self-esteem, self-fulfilment and self-determination
Classify ability, effort and poor teaching using a 3-dimensional classification of attributions model?
Ability 9+ - internal locus of control (comes from them). ability is stable
Uncontrollable - their ability cannot be controlled
Effort - internal locus of control. unstable (because it doesn’t remain the same) controllable (can control how much effort is exerted)
Poor teaching (comes from outside of them). Unstable (can vary from person to person). Uncontrollable (cannot control it)
What is passive aggressive behaviour? (name 5)
- Sulking, insulting behaviour
- Pretending everything is fine when there is a problem
- Doing everything themselves, then getting angry that no one helps
- Gives a person the silent treatment
- Complaining loudly about a loved one within hearing distance
- Gossiping or spreading rumours
- Going back on their word
- Being late in order to escape a situation
- Continual procrastination, forgetting or denying
- Playing the victim
- Do something half-assed or being non-committal in their agreements
- Allowing a problem to escalate through deliberately doing nothing
Why are people passive-aggressive?
- lack of social skills
- intimidated or jealous
- easier than being assertive
- scared fo showing real emotions
- makes them feel powerful
How to deal with passive-aggressive behaviour?
- Recognise that it is is passive-aggressive (internally)
- STAY CALM
- Be assertive
- Don’t take it personally and don’t feed into negativity
- Recognise their frustration
- Ask open-ended questions - might open up about what’s troubling them
How to be assertive?
- Use I language
- Speak slowly
- Maintain comfortable eye contact
- Don’t be accusatory
- Listen to persons point of view and acknowledge their feelings
- Put points across in calm and factual way and point to specific incident
What are things that narcs cant stand?
- People not believing they are an authority - more experience and knowledge - - > take over, change subject, or not let others speak or leave
- You being happy - try to take away good feelings
- You being success - try to punish because they want precious significance
- Others being more attractive - keep partners away from said person
- Having boundaries - non-accoutnable and they are not normal
- Being questioned - extreme defence mechanisms, rage or abandonment
- Being exposed - bring other people’s attention to conversations and interactions
- Refusing to be hoovered - why do you believe you deserve better or can live without them
What should you attribute students failuress to?
Controllable factors that are easily changed
If they have put in lots of effort, attribute failures to lack of effective strategies and help them acquire such strategies
Where does happiness come from
Solving problems - solution lies in the acceptance and active engagement of struggle. Happiness is a doing word. You have to choose your struggle. Not what do you want, but what pain do you want in your life?
Why do people mess up their happiness?
Due to denial. If you don’t know what the problem is to solve (repressed emotions) then you’ll be in pain.
Also, victim mentality - blaming others and thinking they can’t do anything about it (learned helplessness)
