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MOHD IV > All them viruses > Flashcards

All them viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Picornaviruses

A

Positive Strand Viruses
Naked, 12 pentamer virion
-Rhinovirus, Hepatitis A, & Enteroviruses (Polio & Coxsackievirus)

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2
Q

Flaviviruses

A

Positive Strand Viruses
Enveloped, Icosahedral, non-segmented
-Flavivirus, Hepatitis C

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3
Q

Togaviridae Viruses

A

Positive Strand Viruses
Enveloped, icosahedral, non-segmented, produce full-length & sub-genomic length RNA
-Rubella, Alpha Viruses (EEEV, WEEV, Chikungunya)

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4
Q

Corona Viruses

A

Positive Strand Viruses
Enveloped, Resp/GI spread, non-segmented, helical, #2 cause of URI after Rhinoviruses.
-SARS, MERS

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5
Q

Calcivirus

A

Positive Strand Viruses
Naked, icosahedral, non-segmented, VERY stable.
-Norovirus, Hepatitis E

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6
Q

Rhinovirus

A

(+) Strand, Picornavirus
#1 cause of URT, oronasal entry, sensitive to acid (GI)
ICAM-1 & LDLr receptors (alcohol decreases ICAM expression)
Weak immune response & >140 strains.

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7
Q

Hepatitis A

A 
(+) Strand, Picornavirus
Highly stable. Fecal:oral, food borne.
Acute, not chronic. No Tx, good vaccine.
Worse in adults -> icteric.
Disease: hepatitis caused by CD8+ t-cells attacking hepatocytes. CTL.
Elevated ALT, IgM for acute disease.
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8
Q

Polio

A

(+) Strand, Picornavirus - Enterovirus
Attack motor end-plate. Flaccid paralysis - poliomyelitis.
No tx, good vaccine. Trivalent

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9
Q

Coxsackie

A

(+) Strand, Picornavirus - Enterovirus
Coxsackie A - Hand, foot, mouth disease
Coxcackie B - Bornholm’s Disease (myalgia)

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10
Q

Flavivirus Genus

A

(+) Strand, Flavivirus Group
Arborvirus
Encephalitis: WNV (#1 virus), St. Louis Encephlitis
Hemorrhagic Fever: Yellow Fever - aedes aegypti, Dengue - DHF/DSS occurs in those with previous exposure, lethal.

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11
Q

Hepatitis C

A

(+) Strand, Flavivirus - Hepacvirus
Chronic, IV transmission.
Tx: 95% effective.
Hepatocyte destruction mediated CD8+ Tcells

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12
Q

Alpha Togaviridae Viruses

A

(+) Strand, Togaviridae Viruses
Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine Encephalitis Virus, Chikungunya
Arborvirus via mesquito. Mild fever to encephalitis

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13
Q

Rubella

A

(+) Strand, Togaviridae Viruses
3rd exanthem. Intrauterine, respiratory spread. Congenital defects.
Tx: no antiviral, but MMR

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14
Q

SARS / MERS

A

(+) Strand, Corona Virus
SARS: horseshoe bats. High mortality. Fever, cough, SOB, headache, viral pneumonia. Destroys alveoli, syncytia.
MERS: bats. Similar Sx.

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15
Q

Norovirus

A 
"Norwalk & Norwalk-like"
(+) Strand, Caliciviruses
Naked, icosahedral, non-segmented, VERY stable.
F:O, foodborne, P2P.
#1 cause of nonbacterial diarrhea.
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16
Q

Hepatitis E

A

(+) Strand, Caliciviruses

In developing countries, acute hepatitis. Not chronic.

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17
Q

Orthomyxoviruses

A

(-) Strand
Segmented genome (8), helical capsid, enveloped
-Influenza A-C

18
Q

Paramyxoviruses

A

(-) Strand
Non-segmented, helical capsid, enveloped.
-Mumps, measles, Parainfluenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Metapneumovirus

19
Q

Influenza A-C

A

(-) Strand, Orthomyxovirus

20
Q

Mumps

A

(-) Strand, Paramyxovirus

Forms good immunity. Swelling in cheeks and under jaw. Orchitis. Paratoditis. MMR.

21
Q

Measles

A

(-) Strand, Paramyxovirus
Rubeola - 1st exanthem.
Koplik spots. MMR.

22
Q

Parainfluenza Virus 1-4

A

(-) Strand, Paramyxovirus
Mild URI for 4.
Serious URI 1-3. Short lived immunity
Leading cause of Croup cough.

23
Q

Respiratory Syncytial Virus

A

(-) Strand, Paramyxovirus

Bronchiolitis in Lower Respiratory Tract. Kills infected epithelial cells.

24
Q

Metapneumovirus

A

(-) Strand, Paramyxovirus

25
Q

Rabies

A 
(-) Strand, Rhabdoviridae
Negri bodies, inclusion bodies.
Bite - Muscle replication - nerves - DRG replication - brain.
99% fatal if not treated.
Incubation 20d-1yr
26
Q

Rhabdoviridae

A

(-) Strand
Enveloped, bullet shaped, helical
-Rabies, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus

27
Q

Reoviridae Viruses

A

(-) Strand

Naked, icosahedral, segmented, dsRNA

28
Q

Bunyaviruses

A

(-) Strand
Zoonoses. Enveloped, segmented (L,M,S), helical capsule
-Hanta Virus

29
Q

Sin Nombre, Sin Nombre-like, La Crosse

A

(-) Strand, Bunyaviru - Hanta virus
Encephalitis. Mice vector. Dead end host.
La Crosse - arborvirus

30
Q

Rotavirus, Reovirus

A 
(-) Strand, Reoviridae Virus
#1 cause gastroentiritis in children. Damages and replicates in GI epithelium
31
Q

HSV-1

A

DNA Virus - Herpes. Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Multinucleated giant cells & inclusion bodies
Tx: acyclovir, foscarnet. Nucleoside analogs
Trigeminal ganglion latency

32
Q

HSV-2

A

DNA Virus - Herpes. Herpes Simplex Virus 2
Less prevalent than HSV-1
Treat with nucleoside analog. Resistant to acyclovir in immunocompromised Pt - use Foscarnet.
Spinal ganglion latency

33
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus (VCV)

A

DNA Virus - Herpes
Chickenpox & Zoster (shingles)
Replicates in Macrophages & pneumocytes

34
Q

Ebstein Barr Virus (EBV)

A

DNA Virus - Herpes.
Infects oropharynx, moves to Bcells where it replicates & also is latent (swollen LN, spleen). Reactivation in oropharynx
Primary: fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, atypical lymphocytes (tcells), monospot positive
Reactivation: usually Asx, shedding occurs
No Tx, Vaccine

35
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

DNA Virus - Herpes
STI, mucosal. Primary Sx: like mono, negative heterophile, more visceral adenopathy
#1 infection cause of congenital birth difects
Immune impairment: retinitis, GI ulcers, pneumonia, encephalitis
Tx: Ganciclovir

36
Q

Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6)

A

DNA Virus - Herpes
Latency in Tcells, monocytes, macrophages
Roseola (6th exanthem), fever
Tx usually not necessary

37
Q

Human Herpes Virus 7 (HHV-7)

A

DNA Virus - Herpes

Similar to HHV-6, can cause roseola

38
Q

Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8)

A

DNA Virus - Herpes
STI associated with AIDS. Latency in Bcells; infects Bcells, endothelium, nn., monocytes. Shed in saliva, semen.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma!
Immune suppression: Castleman’s, Bcell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma

39
Q

BK Virus

A

DNA Virus - Polyoma Virus
Infections & latency in kidney, CNS, bone marrow
Systemic, usually Asx
Causes Urinary Tract Infections

40
Q

JC Virus

A

DNA Virus - Polyoma Virus
Infections & latency in kidney, CNS, bone marrow
Systemic, usually Asx
Causes PML: progressive multifocal leuckoencephalopathy White matter only.

41
Q

Small Pox

A

DNA Virus - Pox virus

Pearly, painless, umbilicated lesions.

42
Q

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

A

DNA Virus

Koilocytosis CPE

MOHD IV (5 decks)

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