All them viruses Flashcards
Picornaviruses
Positive Strand Viruses
Naked, 12 pentamer virion
-Rhinovirus, Hepatitis A, & Enteroviruses (Polio & Coxsackievirus)
Flaviviruses
Positive Strand Viruses
Enveloped, Icosahedral, non-segmented
-Flavivirus, Hepatitis C
Togaviridae Viruses
Positive Strand Viruses
Enveloped, icosahedral, non-segmented, produce full-length & sub-genomic length RNA
-Rubella, Alpha Viruses (EEEV, WEEV, Chikungunya)
Corona Viruses
Positive Strand Viruses
Enveloped, Resp/GI spread, non-segmented, helical, #2 cause of URI after Rhinoviruses.
-SARS, MERS
Calcivirus
Positive Strand Viruses
Naked, icosahedral, non-segmented, VERY stable.
-Norovirus, Hepatitis E
Rhinovirus
(+) Strand, Picornavirus
#1 cause of URT, oronasal entry, sensitive to acid (GI)
ICAM-1 & LDLr receptors (alcohol decreases ICAM expression)
Weak immune response & >140 strains.
Hepatitis A
(+) Strand, Picornavirus Highly stable. Fecal:oral, food borne. Acute, not chronic. No Tx, good vaccine. Worse in adults -> icteric. Disease: hepatitis caused by CD8+ t-cells attacking hepatocytes. CTL. Elevated ALT, IgM for acute disease.
Polio
(+) Strand, Picornavirus - Enterovirus
Attack motor end-plate. Flaccid paralysis - poliomyelitis.
No tx, good vaccine. Trivalent
Coxsackie
(+) Strand, Picornavirus - Enterovirus
Coxsackie A - Hand, foot, mouth disease
Coxcackie B - Bornholm’s Disease (myalgia)
Flavivirus Genus
(+) Strand, Flavivirus Group
Arborvirus
Encephalitis: WNV (#1 virus), St. Louis Encephlitis
Hemorrhagic Fever: Yellow Fever - aedes aegypti, Dengue - DHF/DSS occurs in those with previous exposure, lethal.
Hepatitis C
(+) Strand, Flavivirus - Hepacvirus
Chronic, IV transmission.
Tx: 95% effective.
Hepatocyte destruction mediated CD8+ Tcells
Alpha Togaviridae Viruses
(+) Strand, Togaviridae Viruses
Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine Encephalitis Virus, Chikungunya
Arborvirus via mesquito. Mild fever to encephalitis
Rubella
(+) Strand, Togaviridae Viruses
3rd exanthem. Intrauterine, respiratory spread. Congenital defects.
Tx: no antiviral, but MMR
SARS / MERS
(+) Strand, Corona Virus
SARS: horseshoe bats. High mortality. Fever, cough, SOB, headache, viral pneumonia. Destroys alveoli, syncytia.
MERS: bats. Similar Sx.
Norovirus
"Norwalk & Norwalk-like" (+) Strand, Caliciviruses Naked, icosahedral, non-segmented, VERY stable. F:O, foodborne, P2P. #1 cause of nonbacterial diarrhea.
Hepatitis E
(+) Strand, Caliciviruses
In developing countries, acute hepatitis. Not chronic.