All the Vocab for Maths Flashcards
Who is Pythagoras?
An ancient Greek mathematician known for the Pythagorean theorem relating the sides of a right triangle.
What is trigonometry?
A branch of mathematics dealing with the relationships between the angles and sides of triangles.
What is a vertex?
A point where two or more lines or edges meet, particularly in polygons and angles.
What is sine?
A trigonometric function that relates the opposite side of a right triangle to the hypotenuse.
What is cosine?
A trigonometric function that relates the adjacent side of a right triangle to the hypotenuse.
What is tangent?
A trigonometric function that relates the opposite side of a right triangle to the adjacent side.
What does parallel mean in geometry?
Lines or planes that are equidistant from each other and never meet.
What does perpendicular mean?
Lines or segments that intersect at a right angle (90 degrees).
What is an acute angle?
An angle that measures less than 90 degrees.
What is an obtuse angle?
An angle that measures more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees.
What is a reflex angle?
An angle that measures more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees.
What is a semicircle?
Half of a circle, formed by cutting a whole circle along a diameter.
What is circumference?
The distance around the edge of a circle.
What is a radius?
The distance from the center of a circle to any point on its circumference.
What is a diameter?
A line segment that passes through the center of a circle, connecting two points on its circumference; twice the radius.
What is perimeter?
The total distance around a two-dimensional shape.
What is area?
The amount of space contained within a two-dimensional shape.
What is volume?
The amount of space contained within a three-dimensional object.
What is capacity?
The maximum amount that something can hold, often measured in liters or gallons.
What is a hectare?
A unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters, commonly used in land measurement.
What is a cylinder?
A three-dimensional shape with two parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface.
What is a rhombus?
A quadrilateral with all four sides of equal length.
What is a parallelogram?
A quadrilateral with opposite sides that are parallel and equal in length.
What is a trapezium?
A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides.
What is a kite in geometry?
A quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of adjacent sides that are equal.
What is an arrowhead shape?
A geometric shape resembling an arrow, often a form of a triangle.
What does it mean to factorise?
To express a mathematical expression as a product of its factors.
What does it mean to solve an equation?
To find the value(s) of a variable that satisfies an equation.
What does it mean to expand an expression?
To multiply out an expression to remove parentheses.
What is an inequality?
A mathematical statement indicating that one quantity is less than or greater than another.
What is an equation?
A mathematical statement that asserts the equality of two expressions.
What is an expression in mathematics?
A combination of numbers, variables, and operations without an equality sign.
What is a numerator?
The top part of a fraction, representing the number of parts being considered.
What is a denominator?
The bottom part of a fraction, representing the total number of equal parts.
What is an integer?
A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero.
What is a rational number?
A number that can be expressed as a fraction of two integers.
What is an irrational number?
A number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction, with a non-repeating, non-terminating decimal.
What does it mean to bisect?
To divide something into two equal parts.
What are indices in mathematics?
Another term for powers or exponents in mathematics.
What is an index/exponent/power?
A number that indicates how many times a base is multiplied by itself.
What are roots in mathematics?
The solutions of an equation, particularly the values that make a polynomial equal to zero.
What is a factor?
A number or expression that divides another number or expression evenly.
What is a multiple?
The result of multiplying a number by an integer.
What does significant refer to in mathematics?
Referring to meaningful figures in a number, often in the context of measurements.
What is an improper fraction?
A term often used for fractions where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator.
What is standard form?
A way of writing numbers using powers of ten, often used for very large or small numbers.
What is an ordinary number?
Typically refers to standard decimal notation as opposed to scientific notation.
What is a positive number?
A number greater than zero.
What is a negative number?
A number less than zero.
What does increasing mean?
A term describing a quantity that is becoming larger.
What does decreasing mean?
A term describing a quantity that is becoming smaller.
What does estimate mean?
A rough calculation or judgment regarding a number or value.
What is a percentage?
A fraction expressed as a part of 100.
What does inclusive mean?
Including the endpoints or limits in a range or set.
What does exclusive mean?
Not including the endpoints or limits in a range or set.
What is interest?
The cost of borrowing money or the return on investment, usually expressed as a percentage.
What is a ratio?
A relationship between two numbers, showing how many times the first number contains the second.
What is a rate?
A specific type of ratio that compares two different kinds of quantities.
What does proportional mean?
A relationship where two quantities maintain a constant ratio.
What is currency?
The system of money used in a particular country.
What is an exchange rate?
The value of one currency expressed in terms of another.
What does substitute mean?
To replace a variable or value with another.
What is a surd?
An irrational number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction, often involving roots.
What is the interior of a shape?
The space inside a shape or figure.
What is the exterior of a shape?
The space outside a shape or figure.
What is an isosceles triangle?
A triangle with at least two equal sides.
What is an equilateral triangle?
A triangle with all three sides equal in length.
What does corresponding refer to in geometry?
Referring to angles or sides that are in the same relative position in different geometric figures.
What are co-interior angles?
Angles that are on the same side of a transversal intersecting two lines.
What are alternate angles?
Refers to angles that are on opposite sides of a transversal intersecting two lines.
What does geometric mean?
Related to shapes, sizes, and properties of space.
What is a polygon?
A closed figure made up of three or more straight sides.
What is a quadrilateral?
A polygon with four sides.
What is a pentagon?
A polygon with five sides.
What is a hexagon?
A polygon with six sides.
What is a heptagon/septagon?
A polygon with seven sides.
What is an octagon?
A polygon with eight sides.
What is a nonagon?
A polygon with nine sides.
What is a decagon?
A polygon with ten sides.
What is a scale factor?
A number that scales or multiplies the dimensions of a shape.
What does rearrange mean?
To change the order or position of components, often used in algebra to isolate variables.
What does algebraic mean?
Relating to algebra, which involves symbols and letters representing numbers.
What does simultaneous refer to in mathematics?
Referring to equations or problems solved together at the same time.
What is elimination in solving equations?
A method for solving systems of equations by removing variables.
What does substitution mean in algebra?
Replacing a variable with a number or another expression in an equation.
What is a coefficient?
A number used to multiply a variable in an algebraic expression.
What is a sector in geometry?
A portion of a circle defined by two radii and the arc between them.
What is a composite number?
A number that has factors other than 1 and itself; in geometry, a figure made up of more than one shape.
What is a prism?
A three-dimensional shape with two parallel faces (bases) and rectangular sides.
What is a cuboid?
A three-dimensional shape with six rectangular faces.
What is a sphere?
A perfectly round three-dimensional object where every point on the surface is equidistant from the center.
What is the opposite side in a triangle?
The side opposite a given angle in a triangle.
What is the adjacent side in a triangle?
The side next to a given angle in a triangle.
What is the hypotenuse?
The longest side of a right triangle, opposite the right angle.
What is bearing in navigation?
A way to describe direction, usually measured in degrees from north.
What is altitude in geometry?
The perpendicular height from a vertex to the base of a shape, particularly in triangles.
What is gradient?
The slope of a line, indicating the steepness and direction of a line on a graph.
What are intercepts in graphing?
Points where a line crosses the axes on a graph (x-intercept and y-intercept).
What is an x-intercept?
The point where a graph intersects the x-axis (y = 0).
What is a y-intercept?
The point where a graph intersects the y-axis (x = 0).
