ALL THE THINGS

Question 1

Where is the angle of Louis?

Answer 1

Just above T4/5 disc. Its inferior border is the Plane of Ludwig

Question 2

Where is the Transverse Thoracic Plane of Ludwig found?

Answer 2

at T4/5 IVD

Question 3

What is the anterior mediastinum?

Answer 3

narrow space infront of the pericardium

Question 4

What are the contents of the anterior mediastinum?

Answer 4

sternopericardial ligament
lymph nodes
mediastinal branches of the internal thoracic artery

lowest part of the thymus and areolar tissue

Question 5

What is contained in the middle mediastinum?

Answer 5

pericardium and its contents

Question 6

which muscles are contained in the sup mediastinum??

Answer 6

sternothyroid, sternohyoid, longus colli

Question 7

What arteries are contained in the sup mediastinum?

Answer 7

aortic arch and branches

Question 8

What veins are in the sup mediastinum?

Answer 8

Rt and Lt brachiocephalic veins, SVC, superior intercostal vein

Question 9

What nerves are in the sup mediastinum?

Answer 9

vagus, phrenic, Lt RLN, cardiac nerves

Question 10

What Lymphoid tissue is present in the sup mediastinum?

Answer 10

thymus, thoracic duct, and lymph nodes

Question 11

What tubes are present in the sup mediastinum?

Answer 11

trachea and esophageal

Question 12

What arteries are in the post mediastinum?

Answer 12

DTA and its BEST PIMP branches

Question 13

What veins are in the post mediastinum?

Answer 13

azygos, hemiazygos, accessory hemiazygos

Question 14

What nerves are in the post mediastinum?

Answer 14

vagus, splanchnic, sympathetic chain

Question 15

What lymph nodes/lymphatics are in the post mediastinum?

Answer 15

posterior mediastinal lymph nodes and the thoracic duct

Question 16

What tube is present in the post mediastinum?

Answer 16

esophagus

Question 17

What are the ABC’s and others of the Transverse Thoraic Plane of Ludwig?

Answer 17

Arches
Bifurcations
Changes of direction (esophagus and thoracic duct)

Ligamentum arteriosum
Cardiac plexus
Tracheobronchial nodes

Question 18

What is the SVC?

Answer 18

superior vena cava; one of the 8 great vessels

Question 19

Where is the SVC formed?

Answer 19

level of 1st costal cartilage from the 2 brachiocephalic veins

Question 20

What does the SVC receive at the 2nd costal cartilage (CC) level?

Answer 20

vena azygos

Question 21

Where does the SVC pierce the pericardium to end?

Answer 21

at 3rd CC level

Question 22

Where does the SVC collect blood from?

Answer 22

upper half of the body

Question 23

Is the ascending aorta part of the 8 great vessels?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

What are present at the start of the ascending aorta?

Answer 24

aortic sinuses

Question 25

What encloses the ascending aorta?

Answer 25

pericardium

Question 26

Where does the ascending aorta ascend from?

Answer 26

left half of the sternum from 3rd CC to 2nd CC

Question 27

How far upwards and forwards does it run?

Answer 27

up to 2nd CC level where the azygos enters the SVC

Question 28

How many coronary arteries are present in the ascending aorta?

Answer 28

2

Question 29

What are the branches of the arch of aorta?

Answer 29

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery

Question 30

What are the branches of the descending thoracic aorta?

Answer 30

BEST PIMP

Question 31

What is the hierarchy of the lymphatic system? What comes before what?

Answer 31

Lymphatic Capillaries
“ “ Vessels
“ “ Trunks
“ “ Ducts

Question 32

What kind of channel is the azygos system of veins?

Answer 32

collateral channel between SVC and IVC

Question 33

How many veins make up the azygos vein system? what are their names?

Answer 33

3 unpaired veins!

azygos, hemiazygos, accessory hemiazygos

Question 34

Where do the hemiazygos and acessory hemiazygos veins drain?

Answer 34

into the azygos vein which drains into the SVC

Question 35

What does the azygos system as a whole drain?

Answer 35

posterior intercostal and posterior abdominal walls