ALL THE THINGS Flashcards
Where is the angle of Louis?
Just above T4/5 disc. Its inferior border is the Plane of Ludwig
Where is the Transverse Thoracic Plane of Ludwig found?
at T4/5 IVD
What is the anterior mediastinum?
narrow space infront of the pericardium
What are the contents of the anterior mediastinum?
sternopericardial ligament
lymph nodes
mediastinal branches of the internal thoracic artery
lowest part of the thymus and areolar tissue
What is contained in the middle mediastinum?
pericardium and its contents
which muscles are contained in the sup mediastinum??
sternothyroid, sternohyoid, longus colli
What arteries are contained in the sup mediastinum?
aortic arch and branches
What veins are in the sup mediastinum?
Rt and Lt brachiocephalic veins, SVC, superior intercostal vein
What nerves are in the sup mediastinum?
vagus, phrenic, Lt RLN, cardiac nerves
What Lymphoid tissue is present in the sup mediastinum?
thymus, thoracic duct, and lymph nodes
What tubes are present in the sup mediastinum?
trachea and esophageal
What arteries are in the post mediastinum?
DTA and its BEST PIMP branches
What veins are in the post mediastinum?
azygos, hemiazygos, accessory hemiazygos
What nerves are in the post mediastinum?
vagus, splanchnic, sympathetic chain
What lymph nodes/lymphatics are in the post mediastinum?
posterior mediastinal lymph nodes and the thoracic duct
What tube is present in the post mediastinum?
esophagus
What are the ABC’s and others of the Transverse Thoraic Plane of Ludwig?
Arches
Bifurcations
Changes of direction (esophagus and thoracic duct)
Ligamentum arteriosum
Cardiac plexus
Tracheobronchial nodes
What is the SVC?
superior vena cava; one of the 8 great vessels
Where is the SVC formed?
level of 1st costal cartilage from the 2 brachiocephalic veins
What does the SVC receive at the 2nd costal cartilage (CC) level?
vena azygos
Where does the SVC pierce the pericardium to end?
at 3rd CC level
Where does the SVC collect blood from?
upper half of the body
Is the ascending aorta part of the 8 great vessels?
yes
What are present at the start of the ascending aorta?
aortic sinuses
What encloses the ascending aorta?
pericardium
Where does the ascending aorta ascend from?
left half of the sternum from 3rd CC to 2nd CC
How far upwards and forwards does it run?
up to 2nd CC level where the azygos enters the SVC
How many coronary arteries are present in the ascending aorta?
2
What are the branches of the arch of aorta?
brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery
What are the branches of the descending thoracic aorta?
BEST PIMP
What is the hierarchy of the lymphatic system? What comes before what?
Lymphatic Capillaries
“ “ Vessels
“ “ Trunks
“ “ Ducts
What kind of channel is the azygos system of veins?
collateral channel between SVC and IVC
How many veins make up the azygos vein system? what are their names?
3 unpaired veins!
azygos, hemiazygos, accessory hemiazygos
Where do the hemiazygos and acessory hemiazygos veins drain?
into the azygos vein which drains into the SVC
What does the azygos system as a whole drain?
posterior intercostal and posterior abdominal walls
