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NCLEX Final Prep > All the stuff > Flashcards

All the stuff Flashcards

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1
Q

Potassium (K+)

A

3.5 - 5 mEq/L

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2
Q

Calcium (Ca+)

A

8.6 - 10.2 mg/dL

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3
Q

Phosphorous

A

2.4 - 4.4 mg/dL

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4
Q

Bicarbonate (HCO3)

A

22-26 mEq/L

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5
Q

Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

A

normal is 125 mL/min

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6
Q

Creatinine

A

0.6-1.3 mg/dL

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7
Q

Blood Urine Nitrogen (BUN)

A

6-20 mg/dL

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8
Q

Urine Specific Gravity

A

1.003 - 1.030

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9
Q

Urine pH

A

average is 6.0

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10
Q

casts

A

normal result = negativeif + for casts that means upper renal dysfunction or involvement

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11
Q

Creatinine Clearance

A

70-135 ml/minEstimates GFR

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12
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Male: 13 - 18
Female: 12 - 16

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13
Q

Platelets

A

150,000 - 400,000

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14
Q

Hematocrit

A

Men: 42-52%
Female: 37 -47%
Percentage and size of RBC’s

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15
Q

Sodium (Na+)

A

135-145 mEq/L

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16
Q

White blood cells

A

4000 - 11000

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17
Q

PT

A

12-14 sec

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18
Q

PTT

A

60-70 sec

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19
Q

INR

A

normal 0.9 - 1.1 therapeutic 2.0-3.0

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20
Q

Blood gas pH

A

7.35 -7.45

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21
Q

PCO2

A

35-45 mm Hg

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22
Q

PO2

A

80-100 mm Hg

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23
Q

ALT

A

1-45 U/L

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24
Q

AST

A

1-36 U/L

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25
Q

CO2

A

23-30 MEq/L

26
Q

Amylase

A

25-125 U/L

27
Q

Chloride

A

98-107

28
Q

aPTT

A

20-35 sec

29
Q

Magnesium

A

1.5-2.5

30
Q

Airborne Precautions

A

Measles
TB
Varicella
Disseminated herpes zoster

31
Q

Droplet Precautions

A

Influenza
Pertussis
Mumps

32
Q

Insulins

A

Long acting
NPH - 2x/day
Detemir
Glargine

Regular
Use for DKA
Peak 2-5 hrs

Short
Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine
Peak 0.5 - 3 hrs
33
Q

Brain Areas

A 
Frontal:  Executive function/personality
Temporal: Speech, Audiotry
Parietal:  Sensory processing
Occipital: Vision
Cerebullum:  Balance
34
Q

Acetominophen antidote

A

acetylcysteine, mucomyst

35
Q

Anticholinesterase antidote

A

atropine, pralidoxine

36
Q

anticholinergics antidote

A

physostigmine

37
Q

benzodiazapine antidote

A

romazicon (flumazenil)

38
Q

beta- blockers antidote

A

glucagon, epinephrine

39
Q

calcium channel blockers antidote

A

calcium chloride, glucagon

40
Q

coumadin antidote

A

vitamin K, phytonadione

41
Q

digoxin antidote

A

digibind

42
Q

dopamine antidote

A

rigitine

43
Q

heroin antidote

A

narcan

44
Q

heparin antidoe

A

protamine sulfate

45
Q

malignant hyperthermia antidote

A

dantrolene

46
Q

methotrexate antidote

A

leucovorin calcium

47
Q

potassium antidote

A

insulin, sodium bicarb, albuterol, Kayexalate

48
Q

tricyclic antidepressants antidote

A

physostigimine, sodium bicarb

49
Q

warfarin antidote

A

vitamin K

50
Q

Labs to check for heparin

A

aPTT; therapeutic = 1.5-2.5 x

51
Q

labs to check for warfarin

A

PT/INR
PT therapeutic at 1.5-2.5X
INR therapeutic at 2.0-3.0
don’t interchange brands. Keep K foods same

52
Q

Metabolic acidosis causes

A 
diarrhea
ketoacidosis
lactic acidosis
renal failure
lungs compensate by hyperventilating
due to loss of bicarb or retention of acids
53
Q

Metabolic alkalosis causes

A

vomiting
GI suction
administration of sodium bicarb
lungs compensate by hypoventilating

54
Q

Respiratory alkalosis causes

A

hypoxia
anxiety
pain
-caused due to rapid breathing

55
Q

B vitamins

A

B6 for peripheral neuropathy (TB drugs)
B12 for pernicious anemia (1x month)
B1 thiamine for alcoholics

56
Q

cyanotic heart defects

A

Tetrology of Fallot
Truncus arteriosis
tricuspid atresia
transposition of great vessels

57
Q

Digoxin

A

Assess apical rate before admin

58
Q

Lithium toxicity

A

Therapeutic 0.6-1.2
Acute toxicity >1.5
Early toxicity signs: persistent N/V/D
Later toxicity: tremor, confusion, ataxia, sluggishness

59
Q

hypoglycemia

A 
TIRED
tachy
irritable
restless
excessive hunger
diaphoresis/depression
60
Q

hyperglycemia vs hypoglycemia

A

hot and dry =sugar high

cold and clammy = needs candy

61
Q

fontanelles

A

anterior soft until 18 months

posterior fuses by age 2 months

NCLEX Final Prep (2 decks)

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