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Sigma > All Sciences > Flashcards

All Sciences Flashcards

1
Q

Resultant force formula

A

Force = Mass x Acceleration

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2
Q

Moment Formula

A

Force x perpendicular distance

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3
Q

Work done formula

A

Force x Displacement

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4
Q

Power formula

A

Work done / time OR Energy/time

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5
Q

Wave formula

A

Velocity = frequency x wavelength OR Frequency = 1/ Period

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6
Q

Charge formula

A

Charge(C) = current(A) x time(S)

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7
Q

Potential difference across 2 points formula

A

V = IR , Pd = Current(A) x resistance(ohms)

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8
Q

Potential difference formula

A

V = W/Q , Pd = Work done(J) / Charge(A)

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9
Q

EMF electromagnetic force formula

A

Total work done (V) / Charge(A)

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10
Q

EMF electromagnetic force formula

A

Total work done (V) / Charge(A)

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11
Q

Electric power

A

P = IV , Power = Pd(V) x Current(A)

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12
Q

Zinc in Sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

White precipitate soluble in both of zinc hydroxide

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13
Q

Calcium in sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

White insoluble precipitate but no precipitate in aqueous ammonia

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14
Q

Aluminium in sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

Both produce white precipitate but insoluble in aqueous ammonia

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15
Q

Copper (ll) in sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

Blue precipitate in both but insoluble in sodium hydroxide

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16
Q

Iron (ll) in sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

Green precipitate produced but insoluble in both but on standing produces red brown iron (lll) hydroxide

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17
Q

Iron(lll) in sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

Red brown precipitate but insoluble in both

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18
Q

Ammonium in sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia

A

No precipitate formed but sodium hydroxide make heated gas moist red limus paper blue

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19
Q

Nitrate test

A

Sodium hydroxide and aluminium foil then warm
Effervescence with pungent gas which turns moist red litmus paper blue
Ammonia gas produced

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20
Q

Carbonate test

A

Add dilute acid
Effervescence observed
White precipitate produced with lime water
Carbon dioxide produced

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21
Q

Chloride test

A

Add dilute nitric acid with silver nitrate
White precipitate of silver chloride formed

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22
Q

Sulfate test

A

Add dilute nitric acid and barium nitrate or Add dilute hydrochloric acid with barium chloride
White precipitate of barium sulfate formed

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23
Q

Mass and mole

A

Mass of mole
No of moles x Mr

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24
Q

Volume of gas

A

Vol of gas (dm3)
No of moles x Mr volume (24dm3)

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25
Q

Concentration of solution

A

Mass and no of moles
Concentration (g/dm3) x vol(dm3)

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26
Q

Electric field definition

A

Region in which electrical charge experiences an electrical force

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27
Q

Explain if sound travelled in water is different from air

A

Wavelength increases
Speed of sound wave is higher in water than air
Frequency higher and wavelength longer

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28
Q

2 difference between microwave and sound wave

A

Microwave travel faster than sound wave
Microwave travels in vacuum where sound waves travel through medium

29
Q

Conduction convection radiation

A

Conduction is through contact
Convection is through water molecules
Radiation is through electromagnetic waves

30
Q

How finely powered tablets affect reaction compared to normal tablets

A

More surface area
Faster reaction
Increase collision and frequ

31
Q

Define isotope

A

Same proton different neutron in the same element

32
Q

Define hydrocarbon

A

Only hydrogen and carbon present in compound

33
Q

Define relative molecular mass

A

Q molecular mass relative to 1/12 of C12 mole

34
Q

Why does carbon dioxide not conduct electricity

A

Neutral molecule
No free moving ions

35
Q

Define inertia

A

Remains at a state of rest unless force acted on it

36
Q

What does cracking do

A

Break down into small hydrocarbons to meet the demand in resources

37
Q

How to raise ph soil for farmers

A

Add slacked lime or calcium hydroxide

38
Q

Define alloy

A

Mixture made up of 2 or more metals to increase strength

39
Q

Why speed remains constant even when force is applied

A

Resultant force acting is 0
Air resistance and friction are acting on the opposite side of the force

40
Q

Electromagnetic wave used for satellite television

A

Microwave

41
Q

Characteristics of mirror image

A

Magnified, virtual, upright

42
Q

State what is meant by frequency

A

Frequency is the number of complete waves produced per second

43
Q

How does longitudinal wave travel through air

A

The air particles vibrate in a direction parallel to the wave
Creating a series of compression and rare fraction

44
Q

How earth wire protects user from electric shock

A

When fault occurs, the metal casing becomes live
Earth wire conduct electrical current to earth
Large current melts the fuse in the live wire and breaks the circuit

45
Q

Arrangement of particles in air

A

F (Force)
A (Arrangement) - Randomly arranged, far apart
M (Movement) - Move randomly at high speeds
E (Energy)

46
Q

Cracking conditions

A

High temperature over catalyst

47
Q

Fermentation condition

A

Absence in oxygen
37 degrees celcius
Carbohydrates
Yeast

48
Q

What is the order by which elements are arranged in the periodic table

A

Through increasing proton (atomic) number

49
Q

Suggest the meaning clean energy

A

Do not release any atmospheric pollutants that maybe harmful for the environment

50
Q

Only magnitude

A

Scalar quantity

51
Q

Magnitude and direction

A

Vector quantity

52
Q

Example of scalar quantities

A

Length speed mass area

53
Q

Example of vector quantities

A

Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration

54
Q

Why some compounds cannot react with electricity at solid state

A

Giant lattice structure
Ions have fixed position in solid
Unable to conduct electricity

Liquid state have free moving ions that carry charges

55
Q

Name 2 greenhouse gases

A

Carbon dioxide
Methane

56
Q

Why bioethanol is a renewable and is a clean fuel

A

Can grow back
Does not produce pollutants during combustion

57
Q

Why are biofuels for environmentally sustainable than fossil fuels

A

Sugarcane takes in carbon dioxide produced from combustion of bioethanol while carbon dioxide released by fossil fuels would not be offset

58
Q

Nitrogen air percentage

A

78%

59
Q

Oxygen air percentage

A

21%

60
Q

Carbon dioxide air percentage

A

0.01%

61
Q

Noble gases air percentage

A

1%

62
Q

2 factors required for rusting

A

Presence in oxygen
Water

63
Q

Physical property of ethanoic acid

A

Conducts electricity at aqueous state
Sour in taste
Turns blue litmus paper red

64
Q

Why in order to achieve constant speed, acceleration has to be continuous

A

Acceleration caused by a change in velocity
Since velocity is a vector quantity it has magnitude and direction
Therefore acceleration is present

65
Q

Remote controls

A

Infrared waves

66
Q

Difference of molecules between solid and gas state

A

Regularly arranged vs randomly arranged
Vibrate about fixed position vs move freely in high speeds
Closely packed vs far apart

67
Q

Potential energy of pumping water up the reservoir

A

Gravitational potential energy

68
Q

How sound with higher pitch differs from lower pitch

A

Higher frequency and lower frequency

Sigma (3 decks)

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