all prior exam questions Flashcards
the most difficult type of reading is called “reading for ____________”
understanding
the academic study of religion is also known as
religious studies
if we can provide good reasons in support of a belief, we can guarantee that it is true
false
religious studies is __________ old
150
learning is _____________
a process, not a product
learning is caused by the teacher
false
learning involves a change in thinking, feeling, and/or acting, which happens as a result of __________
experience
according to the socratic justification, if you have good reasons for your beliefs than you are more likely to retain them
false
during most of human history, most cultures believed that religion was something distinct from all other aspects of life
false
about a century ago, only 10% of the population lived in cities; today, this figure is more than 50%
true
___________ refers to an understanding of the nature of the world
cosmology
many scholars have formulated their own definitions of religion, but there is no consensus about the best way of defining religion
true
most cultures through history have had neither the conceptual category nor a term meaning “religion”
true
in _____________, there is a plurality of gods but one of them is elevated to a special or higher status
henotheism
until the late decades of the nineteenth century, theorists applied the term
‘world religion” only to christianity
true
the term “ultimate concern” was coined by ____________, a protestant theologian
paul tillich
_______________ described a particular type of religious experience, which he named “numinous”
rudolf otto
the definitions of words found in a dictionary are called “real definitions”
false, it’s lexical
stoicism, an ancient philosophical system, conceives of the divine as identical with the world
true
city-based societies, also known as civilizations, first emerged around 5, 000 years ago.
true
the literal meaning of “testament” is _____________
convenant
jerome’s latin translation of the Bible is known as the “Septuagint”
false, vulgate
the _______________ canon of the hebrew scripture consists of 24 books
jewish
the period between 8th century BCE and __________ is known as the “axial age”
2nd century BCE
the Jewish scripture, known to Christians as the Old Testament, was originally written in __________
Hebrew
Modern historians believe that Jesus was probably born in the year
4 BCE
there are _____ books in the New Testament canon
27
the bronze age ended around _____ BCE
1200
the term ___________ refers to a relationship of trust, loyalty, and love
faith
the official christian doctrines were formulated during the ________________________ CE
fourth and fifth centuries
the gospels are products of early Christian communities in the __________________
last third of the first century BCE
according to the doctrine of “biblical inerrancy” there are no serious historical or scientific inaccuracies in the Bible
true
the way-centered paradigm uses the ___________ method for interpreting the Bible
historical- metaphorical
the _________________ Paradigm views Jesus as intrinsically linked to the afterlife
belief- centered
if we don’t have good reasons for our beliefs, we won’t be able to hold on to them. This is known as the ______________ justification.
socratic
modern historians believe that Jesus was probably born in the year 1 CE
false
verbalizing is most effective when it involves talking in a small group, but it can also be done through writing
true
the _______ age began around 1200 BCE
iron
the canonical gospels were written by _____________
evangelists
if we don’t have good reasons for our beliefs, we won’t be able to hold on to them. this is known as the ___________ justification
socratic
the term “post-easter Jesus” and “Christ of faith” are synonymous
true
in belief-centered paradigm, the gospels are interpreted in light of Christian doctrine
true
the term _____________ refers to a relationship of trust, loyalty, and love
faith
there are two layers of material in the gospels, an earlier layer (memory) and a later layer (testimony)
true
the society characterized by the urban-rural divide is known as “civilization”
true
the oldest canonical gospel is the Gospel of Mark
true
modern historians view the gospels as writings produces by the _____________
early Christian communities
the oldest writings in the New Testament are _______________
the letters of Paul
the shortest of the four canonical gospels is the Gospel of _________
Mark
Octavian was the adopted son of Ceasar Augustus
false
Karl Marx was a thoroughgoing idealist who insisted that religious ideas can cause great changes in the economy
false
Ninety percent of the gospel of mark is found in the gospel of
matthew
if we don’t have good reasons for our beliefs, we won’t be able to hold on to them. this is known as the _________________ justification
socratic
the stories about jesus’ birth are found in the gospels of ________________
matthew and luke
metaphorical language is typically more meaningful than literal language
true
Octavian became the Roman Emperor in
31 BCE
an atheist is a person who does not believe in the existence of divine being (s)
true
the clash between Christianity and the Enlightenment began when Galileo argued that the earth wasn’t the center of the universe
true
the great majority of people today live in traditionally religious societies
false
the sun dance is practiced by only the Hopi peoples
false
the major teachings of most indigenous North American religions are contained in written texts
false
the hard form of biblical literalism is associated with the doctrine of ‘inerrancy”
true
native americans religions are very diverse
true
Most native american religions haven’t changed in over five hundred years
false
in many native american cultures, time is regarded as circular
true
only deeply religious people can have transcendent experiences
false
most cultures through history have had neither the conceptual category nor a term meaning “religion”
true
a religious cosmology describes the origin of the universe but says nothing about its nature
false
many indigenous peoples converted (forcibly or by choice) to the christianity of the colonizers
true
a religion that teaches that the world is inherently sacred encourages a sense of reverence and stewardship toward the natural world
true
empathy has no role in the academic study of religion
false
karl marx was a thoroughgoing idealist who insisted that religious ideas can cause great changes in the economy
false
the notion of “pre-easter jesus” is synonymous with the idea of “historical jesus”
true
the terms “pantheism” and “panentheism” refer to the same idea
false
if we can provide good reasons in support of a belief, we can guarantee that it is true
false
