all prior exam questions Flashcards
1
Q
the most difficult type of reading is called “reading for ____________”
A
understanding
2
Q
the academic study of religion is also known as
A
religious studies
3
Q
if we can provide good reasons in support of a belief, we can guarantee that it is true
A
false
4
Q
religious studies is __________ old
A
150
5
Q
learning is _____________
A
a process, not a product
6
Q
learning is caused by the teacher
A
false
7
Q
learning involves a change in thinking, feeling, and/or acting, which happens as a result of __________
A
experience
8
Q
according to the socratic justification, if you have good reasons for your beliefs than you are more likely to retain them
A
false
9
Q
during most of human history, most cultures believed that religion was something distinct from all other aspects of life
A
false
10
Q
about a century ago, only 10% of the population lived in cities; today, this figure is more than 50%
A
true
11
Q
___________ refers to an understanding of the nature of the world
A
cosmology
12
Q
many scholars have formulated their own definitions of religion, but there is no consensus about the best way of defining religion
A
true
13
Q
most cultures through history have had neither the conceptual category nor a term meaning “religion”
A
true
14
Q
in _____________, there is a plurality of gods but one of them is elevated to a special or higher status
A
henotheism
15
Q
until the late decades of the nineteenth century, theorists applied the term
‘world religion” only to christianity
A
true
16
Q
the term “ultimate concern” was coined by ____________, a protestant theologian
A
paul tillich
17
Q
_______________ described a particular type of religious experience, which he named “numinous”
A
rudolf otto
18
Q
the definitions of words found in a dictionary are called “real definitions”
A
false, it’s lexical
19
Q
stoicism, an ancient philosophical system, conceives of the divine as identical with the world
A
true
20
Q
city-based societies, also known as civilizations, first emerged around 5, 000 years ago.
A
true
21
Q
the literal meaning of “testament” is _____________
A
convenant
22
Q
jerome’s latin translation of the Bible is known as the “Septuagint”
A
false, vulgate
23
Q
the _______________ canon of the hebrew scripture consists of 24 books
A
jewish
24
Q
the period between 8th century BCE and __________ is known as the “axial age”
A
2nd century BCE
25
the Jewish scripture, known to Christians as the Old Testament, was originally written in __________
Hebrew
26
Modern historians believe that Jesus was probably born in the year
4 BCE
27
there are _____ books in the New Testament canon
27
28
the bronze age ended around _____ BCE
1200
29
the term ___________ refers to a relationship of trust, loyalty, and love
faith
30
the official christian doctrines were formulated during the ________________________ CE
fourth and fifth centuries
31
the gospels are products of early Christian communities in the __________________
last third of the first century BCE
32
according to the doctrine of "biblical inerrancy" there are no serious historical or scientific inaccuracies in the Bible
true
33
the way-centered paradigm uses the ___________ method for interpreting the Bible
historical- metaphorical
34
the _________________ Paradigm views Jesus as intrinsically linked to the afterlife
belief- centered
35
if we don't have good reasons for our beliefs, we won't be able to hold on to them. This is known as the ______________ justification.
socratic
36
modern historians believe that Jesus was probably born in the year 1 CE
false
37
verbalizing is most effective when it involves talking in a small group, but it can also be done through writing
true
38
the _______ age began around 1200 BCE
iron
39
the canonical gospels were written by _____________
evangelists
40
if we don't have good reasons for our beliefs, we won't be able to hold on to them. this is known as the ___________ justification
socratic
41
the term "post-easter Jesus" and "Christ of faith" are synonymous
true
42
in belief-centered paradigm, the gospels are interpreted in light of Christian doctrine
true
43
the term _____________ refers to a relationship of trust, loyalty, and love
faith
44
there are two layers of material in the gospels, an earlier layer (memory) and a later layer (testimony)
true
45
the society characterized by the urban-rural divide is known as "civilization"
true
46
the oldest canonical gospel is the Gospel of Mark
true
47
modern historians view the gospels as writings produces by the _____________
early Christian communities
48
the oldest writings in the New Testament are _______________
the letters of Paul
49
the shortest of the four canonical gospels is the Gospel of _________
Mark
50
Octavian was the adopted son of Ceasar Augustus
false
51
Karl Marx was a thoroughgoing idealist who insisted that religious ideas can cause great changes in the economy
false
52
Ninety percent of the gospel of mark is found in the gospel of
matthew
53
if we don't have good reasons for our beliefs, we won't be able to hold on to them. this is known as the _________________ justification
socratic
54
the stories about jesus' birth are found in the gospels of ________________
matthew and luke
55
metaphorical language is typically more meaningful than literal language
true
56
Octavian became the Roman Emperor in
31 BCE
57
an atheist is a person who does not believe in the existence of divine being (s)
true
58
the clash between Christianity and the Enlightenment began when Galileo argued that the earth wasn't the center of the universe
true
59
the great majority of people today live in traditionally religious societies
false
60
the sun dance is practiced by only the Hopi peoples
false
61
the major teachings of most indigenous North American religions are contained in written texts
false
62
the hard form of biblical literalism is associated with the doctrine of 'inerrancy"
true
63
native americans religions are very diverse
true
64
Most native american religions haven't changed in over five hundred years
false
65
in many native american cultures, time is regarded as circular
true
66
only deeply religious people can have transcendent experiences
false
67
most cultures through history have had neither the conceptual category nor a term meaning "religion"
true
68
a religious cosmology describes the origin of the universe but says nothing about its nature
false
69
many indigenous peoples converted (forcibly or by choice) to the christianity of the colonizers
true
70
a religion that teaches that the world is inherently sacred encourages a sense of reverence and stewardship toward the natural world
true
71
empathy has no role in the academic study of religion
false
72
karl marx was a thoroughgoing idealist who insisted that religious ideas can cause great changes in the economy
false
73
the notion of "pre-easter jesus" is synonymous with the idea of "historical jesus"
true
74
the terms "pantheism" and "panentheism" refer to the same idea
false
75
if we can provide good reasons in support of a belief, we can guarantee that it is true
false
76
the attempt to define religion is a relatively recent phenomenon, beginning for the most part with the european enlightenment of the eighteenth century
true
77
all the pauline epistles in the new testament were written by the apostle paul
false
78
black elk was a famous religious leader of the Lakota people
true
79
the enlightenment was a european intellectual movement that reached its peak in the ______________ century
eighteenth
80
_______________ refers to an understanding of the nature of the world
cosmology
81
the oldest writings in the new testament are ____________
the letters of Paul
82
a symbolic action that often serves as a reenactment of an archetypal event is known as _________________
ritual
83
a text that is revered as sacred and authoritative by a religious community is called ___________________
scripture
84
the bronze age ended around ________ BCE
1800
85
two major world religions, christianity and ____________, emerged in the post-axial period
islam
86
the _________________ goal is to get an accurate picture of reality, no matter how unpleasant of inconvenient
scout's
87
the word "epistle" means __________________
a letter
88
for ______________, the decisive revelation of God is the Torah
Jews
89
the official christians doctrines were formulated during the _______________ CE
fourth and fifth centuries
90
during jesus' lifetime, the jewish scripture was made of two parts :
the torah and the prophets
91
92
learning involves a change in thinking, feeling, and/or acting, which happens as a result of ____________________-
experience
93
______________________ described a particular type of religious experience, which he named "numinous"
rudolf otto
94
the term _____________ refers to a relationship of trust, loyalty, and love
faith
95
the gospels that are canonical gospel
luke,matthew, mark, john
96
the gospels are products of early Christian communities in the ___________________________
last third of the first century CE
97
the word "tanakh" refers to ___________________
the jewish scripture
98
the gospels of matthew, mark, luke are very similar, which is why they are called the _________________
synoptic
99
there are two types of material in the gospels, called "memory" and ________________
"testament"
100
the english translation of the bible used in REL200 is called the ___________________________
version.
new revised standard
101
the greek word "apocryphal" literally means
hidden
102
the abbreviation BCE stands for
before the common era
103
the word "________________" refers to the greek translation of sacred jewish writings
septuagint
104
a __________________ can be defined as a way of seeing a whole, a comprehensive way of seeing, or a large framework within which we see.
paradigm
105
the greek word "apocalypse" literally means ___________
end
106
a list of sacred and authoritative writings is called a _________________
canon
107
Briefly describe how religious education is different from the academic study of religion.
look it up
108
In one sentence, how does Marcus Borg identify the foundation of the modern study of Jesus and Christian origins?
look it up
109
In one sentence, how does Marcus Borg describe the reason for Jesus' central importance in Christianity?
look it up
110
Briefly describe how is the "pre-Easter Jesus" is different from the "post-Easter Jesus.
OR
Explain the difference between a lexical definition and a stipulative definition
look it up
111
the earliest human societies are called "horticultural" true or false
false
112
premodern domination systems were legitimized on the basis of ______________
religion
113
the books of joshua, judges, samuel, and kings all belong to ____________
former prophets
114
the bible of jesus' day consisted of two parts, the old testament and the new testament . true or false
false
115
jesus' hometown nazareth, was only four miles away from a major city, called ____________
sepphoris
116
the temple in jerusalem was constructed by king david
false - king solomon
117
the romans conquered palestine in the year ________
63 BCE
118
the jewish festival of "passover" celebrates the israelite exodus from egypt ,true or false
true
119
according to marcus borg, the birth stories in the gospels of matthew and luke are ____________________
pre-easter testimony
120
true or false when octavian became emperor, he took the title "caeser agustus
true
121
true or false "the varieties of religious experiences was written by the famous american soldier william james
true
122
the belief that the bible is completely free of scientific or historical mistakes is known as biblical _________________
inerrancy
123
After a thousand years before jesus, king ______________ built the temple in jerusalem
solomon
124
true or false in a mystical experience, the subject-object separation becomes stronger
false
125
true or false in the gospels, jesus refers to himself as a prophet
true
126
to say that mystical experiences have a "noetic" quality means that such experiences ___________________________
impart a special type of knowing
127
the experiential knowledge of God (or the sacred) is known as
mysticism
128
true or false to understand the pre-easter jesus, we have to focus on the earlier layers in the gospel narrative, otherwise known as "memory"
true
129
metaphorical language tends to be __________________ literal language
more meaningful
130
during jesus' life-time, galilee was ruled by herod's son__________________
Antipas
131
the greek word "___________" means "air" or "breath"
pneuma
132
mysticism is sometimes called ___________- hand religion
first
133
the idea that God is transcendent but not immanent is known as
supernatural theism
134
the english word ____________ is an approximate translation of the greek work "euagelion" which means an announcement if official good news
gospel
135
the premodern domination system were typically _______________ on the basis of religion
legitimized
136
the historical process that makes the world seem devoid of sacredness is called _____________
desacralization
137
the word _____________ means "anointed by God"
messiah
138
when referring to God, jesus often used the aramaic word ____________ which means father
abba
139
in the jewish bible, the three "major" prophetic books isaiah, jeremiah, and _______________
ezekiel
140
when king herod died, the romans divided his kingdom into
three
141
the pierine inscription uses the word "gospel" while referring to the birthday of ______________
caesar augustus
142
according to marcus borg, the biblical view of God is best understood as _____________________
panentheism
143
the teachings of the hebrew prophets was focused on the importance of _________________
social justice
144
the temple of jerusalem was destroyed twice, first by the _______________ and later by the Romans
babylonians
145
jesus began his public ministry during the reign of Emperor _____________
tiberius
146
new testament scholars use two methods to distinguish memory from testimony, called multiple attestations and ____________
coherence
147
about 70 years before jesus' birth, _______________ conquered the region of judah
romans
148
jesus belonged to the _____________ class
peasant
149
Marcus Borg argues that gospel language referring to Jesus as the Son of God and the Messiah is probably ______________.
post-Easter testimony
150
By baptizing people in the _____________, John the Baptizer was challenging the Temple's monopoly over access to God's forgiveness.
Jordan River
151
the former prophets
joshua, judges, samuel, kings
152
The Jewish festival of _________________ is also known as the "Festival of Lights."
Hanukkah
153
After only ten years of rule, Rome removed Herod's son ___________ as the ruler of Judea and replaced him with a governor.
Archelaus
154
The Jewish festival of "Passover" celebrates the _________________________
exodus from Egypt
155
(date) Gospel of Mark was written
70CE
156
(date) Romans destroyed the Jerusalem Temple
70 CE
157
(date) Roman conquest of the Holy Land
63 BCE
158
(date) Jesus' bday
4 BCE
159
(date) Death of Caesar Augustus
14 CE
160
(date) Octavian’s victory at the Battle of Actium
31 BCE
161
(date) Pontius Pilate became Governor of Judea
26 CE
162
(date) Herod became "King of the Jews"
37 BCE
163
(date) Beginning of the Jewish revolt
66 BCE
164
(date) Assassination of Julius Caesar
44 BCE
165
(date) Death of Herod the Great
4BCE
166
(date) Judea became a Roman province
6 CE
167
look at map
168
List the four types of human societies in chronological order.
OR
List the four stages of a "spiral of violence" in chronological order.
hunter and gathers
herotical
agricultural
industrial
169
List the four characteristics of a premodern imperial domination system.
Answer text Question 2
power
hierarchy
working class
monetary
170
Define the term "domination system."
there is a hierarchy. there are those in power and those who are servants.
171
Define the term "mystic."
172
What does Borg mean by “memory metaphorized”?
173
Briefly describe the two main features of a mystical experience.
174
The "I am" sayings of Jesus are found in the Gospel of _____________________
john
175
true or false in a mystical experience, the subject-object separation becomes stronger
fasle
176
the experiential knowledge of God (or the sacred) is known as __________________
mysticism
177
true or false The understand the Pre-Easter Jesus, we have to focus on the earlier layers in the gospel narrative, otherwise known as "memory."
true
178
true or false Historians have been unable to find any evidence of Israelites before the beginning of the Iron Age.
true
179
true or false The kingdom of Israel was larger and more prosperous than the kingdom of Judah.
true
180
In 586 BCE, King ___________________________ destroyed Jerusalem and burned down the Temple.
Nebuchadnezzar
181
true or false In the Hebrew Bible, a "prophet" is a person who accurately predicts future events.
false
182
true or false A person cannot be both a prophet and a mystic.
false
183
According to Marcus Borg, the stories about Jesus healing the sick are post-Easter testimonies.
false
184
true or false The idea that God is both transcendent and immanent is known as "panentheism."
true
185
true or false The literal meaning of the word messiah is "savior."
false
186
According to Jesus, God's character is __________________.
compassion
187
true or false The hard form of biblical literalism is associated with the doctrine of "inerrancy."
true
188
During Jesus' life-time, Galilee was ruled by Herod's son __________________.
Antipas
189
which was written first? the letters of the gospels
letters- 50
gospels- 70
mark doesn't talk about jesus' resurrection
