All Particles Flashcards
Modifies: Noun
Meaning: Just, full of, only
Examples:
I) Tokyo is just full of people
II) The house is just full of things
ばかり
I)東京は人ばかりだ
II)家は物事ばかりだ
Modifies: Verb (ta form)
Meaning: Just, only, full of
Examples:
I) I just ate
II) I just taught this!
ばかり
I)食べ_た_ばかりだ
II)これを教え_た_ばかりだ
Modifies: Verb (te form)
Meaning: Just, only, always
Examples:
I) He’s always eating
II) She just talks.
ばかり
I)彼は食べ_て_ばかりいる
II)彼女は話_して_ばかりいる
Modifies: nouns
Meaning: Not only, in addition to
Examples:
I) Not only is my grandfather alive, but so is my great grandfather
II) Not only do I study math, but I also study Japanese.
ばかりか
I)祖父ばかりか、曽祖父さえ生きている
II)数学ばかりか、日本語勉強している
Modifies: nouns
Meaning: only (limited to)
Examples:
I) A romaji only dictionary
II) We only speak English in this classroom.
だけ
I)ローマ字だけの辞書
II)私達はこれ教室に英語だけ話す
Modifies: Volitional Verbs
Meaning: limit
Examples:
I) You can sleep as much as you want [to sleep]
だけ
I)寝たいだけ寝ればいい
Modifies: nouns, adjectives, verbs
Meaning: and, things like, (listings). **Often has a negative conotation, not frequently used.
Examples:
I) Natto, seafood, wasabi—Japanese food isn’t my thing.
II) Spring, winter, fall - I don’t like the weather.
だの
I)納豆だの、シーフードだの、わさびだの—日本食が苦手だ。
II)春だの、冬だの、秋だの、天候がきらい
Modifies: nouns: Instrument (using something as a means)
Meaning: by means of
Examples:
I) Let’s go by bicycle.
II) I talk on the phone (lit: I talk by means of phone)
で
I)自転車で行きましょう
II)私は電話で話す
Modifies: nouns (location)
Meaning: at
Examples:
I) I want to rest here
II) Let’s swim here
で
I)ここで休みたい
II)ここで泳ぎましょう
Modifies: nouns (language)
Meaning: in (a language)
Examples:
I) I wrote the letter in Japanese
II) She said it in English
で
I)日本語で手紙を書いた
II)彼女は英語で言いた
Modifies:
Meaning: is, and so…
Examples:
I) Pal, you are loved (and so) I am glad. / I am glad that I love you, pal.
II) The sushi is hot, so I won’t eat it.
で
I)君 が 好き で よかった
II)寿司が_暑い_で食べない
Modifies: nouns/particles
Meaning: even
Examples:
I) Even from space you can see the Great Wall of China
II) Even though it is cloudy, we can still go outside
でも
I)宇宙からでも万里の長城が見える
II)私達が曇りでも外を行く
Modifies: nouns
Meaning: or something
Examples:
I) Would you like some tea or something?
でも
I)お茶でも、いかが
Modifies: nouns
Meaning: also in
Examples:
I) In Japan also, we study English.
II) In math, we also read.
でも
I)日本でも英語を勉強する
II)私達は数学でも読む
Modifies: N/A. Begininning of phrase
Meaning: but, however, even so
Examples:
I) But I don’t think so.
II) However, I tried.
でも
I)でも、私はそう思わない
II)でも、私は試した
