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Session 1: skull > All of session > Flashcards

All of session Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones are contributing to the walls of the orbit?

A 
Ethmoid
Lacrimal
Zygomatic
Frontal
Maxilla
Sphenoid
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2
Q

Which wall of the orbit is most prone to fracture following a blow to the eye?

A

Medial wall (made up of ethmoid, maxilla, lacrimal, sphenoid bones)

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3
Q

Which bones of the skull are each paranasal sinuses located?

A

4 x paired sinuses

Maxillary
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

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4
Q

The sella turcica is surrounded by which structures?

A

Anterior and posterior clinoid processes

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5
Q

Where do the clinioid processes arise from?

A

Anterior: sphenoidal lesser wing
Posterior: superolateral projections of the dorsum sellae

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6
Q

What are the purpose of the clinoid processes?

A

Attachment points for tentorium cerebelli

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7
Q

Which parts of the brain would sit in each cranial fossae?

A

Anterior: anteriorinferior portion of frontal lobes
Middle: Temporal lobes (pituitary gland)
Posterior: Brainstem (medulla and pons) and cerebellum

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8
Q

In which ways are the foetal skulls different from adult skulls? Why?

A 
6 fontanelles
Smaller facial portion
Ossification hasn't occurred yet
2 x frontal bones
2 x parietal bone
2 x temporal bones
1 x occipital bone

Malleable for growing brain and for child birth

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9
Q

Which foramen does the middle meningeal artery pass through?

A

Foramen spinosum

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10
Q

Which foramen does the internal carotid artery pass through?

A

Carotid canal

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11
Q

Which foramen does the vertebral artery pass through?

A

Foramen magnum

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12
Q

Which foramen does the internal jugular vein pass through?

A

Jugular foramen

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13
Q

Which foramen does the olfactory nerve (CNI) pass through?

A

Cribiform plate

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14
Q

What passes through the optic canal?

A 
Optic nerve (CNII)
Opthalmic artery
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15
Q

What passes through the superior orbital fissure?

A 
Oculomotor nerve (CNIII)
Trochlear nerve (CNIV)
Abducens nerve (CNVI)
Opthalmic nerve of trigeminal (CNV1)
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16
Q

What passes through foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary division of trigeminal (CNV2)

17
Q

What passes through foramen ovale?

A

Mandibular division of trigeminal (CNV3)

18
Q

What passes through foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal artery

19
Q

What passes through the internal acoustic canal?

A 
Facial nerve (CNVII)
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII)
Labyrinthe artery

Within the petrous part of temporal bone

20
Q

What passes through the jugular foramen?

A 
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)
Vagus nerve (CNX)
Spinal accessory (CNXI)
Internal jugular vein
21
Q

Which nerve exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen?

A

Facial nerve (CNVII)

22
Q

What passes through the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)

23
Q

What passes through the foramen magnum?

A 
Brain stem
Vertebral arteries
Dura
Spinal cord
Roots of spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)
24
Q

How does the opthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve (CNV1) exit the skull?

A

Supraorbital notch/foramen

is this correct?

25
Q

How does the maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (CNV2) exit the skull?

A

Infraorbital foramen

26
Q

How does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3) exit the skull?

A

Mental foramen

27
Q

What structure passes along the superior surface of the foramen lacerum but doesn’t traverse it?

A

Internal carotid artery

28
Q

What is the general function of the olfactory nerve (CNI)?

A

Smell (SVS)

29
Q

What is the general function of the optic nerve (CNII)?

A

Vision (SSS)

30
Q

What is the general function of the oculomotor nerve (CNIII)?

A
  • 4 eye muscles (SR,MR,IR,IO) (GSM)
  • Levator palpebrae superioris (GSM)
  • pupillary sphincter (GVM)
31
Q

What is the function of trochlear nerve (CNIV)?

A

Superior oblique muscle (GSM)

32
Q

What is the function of trigeminal nerve (CNV)?

A

CNV1:
scalp, forehead, nose (GSS)

CNV2:
cheeks, lower eye lid, nasal mucosa, upper lip, upper teeth, palate (GSS)

CNV3:

  • anterior 2/3 tongue, skin over mandible, lower teeth (GSS)
  • muscles of mastication (SVM)
33
Q

What is the function of abducens nerve (CNVI)?

A

Lateral rectus (GSM)

34
Q

What is the function of facial nerve (CNVII)?

A
  • sensation to part of ext ear (GSS)
  • taste from ant 2/3, hard palate, soft palate (SVS)
  • muscles of facial expression (GSM)
  • lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual glands, mucous glands of mouth and nose (GVM)
35
Q

What is the function of vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII)?

A

Hearing and balance

36
Q

What is the function of glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)?

A
  • post 1/3 of tongue, ext ear, middle ear cavity (GSS)
  • carotid body and sinus (GVS)
  • taste post 1/3 of tongue (SVS)
  • parotid gland (GVM)
  • stylopharyngeus (SVM)
37
Q

What is the function of the vagus nerve (CNX)?

A
  • ext ear, larynx, pharynx (GSS)
  • layrnx, pharynx, thoracic, abdo viscera (GVS)
  • taste of epiglottis region of tongue (SVS)
  • smooth muscle of pharynx, larynx and most of GIT (GVM)
  • most of muscles of pharynx and larynx (SVM)
38
Q

What is the function of the accessory muscle (CNXI)?

A
  • Trapezius and SCM (GSM)

- few fibres run with CNX to viscera

39
Q

What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)?

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles (except palatoglossus)

Session 1: skull (1 decks)

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