All Na E2 Ah Flashcards by Vienna Candava

Cabinets inhales the air from the room space into the fume hood space

LAMINAR FLOW CABINETS

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Provide personnel and environmental protection, but do not provide a sterile work surface

CLASS I BIOSAFETY CABINET

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Contamination through breaks or cuts in the skin

NON-INTACT SKIN

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Primary contributing factors associated with repetitive strain disorders

ERGONOMIC HAZARD

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Microorganisms in the human blood

BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS

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Healthcare workers are risk of being exposed to blood-borne pathogens

EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN

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Removes toxic substances in the air and leaves work clean during the work from bacteria

FUME HOOD

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Potential hazard in the workplace when dealing with electrical equipment

ELECTRIC SHOCK

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Infection through mucous membranes of the mouth and nose and the conjunctiva of the eyes

PERMUCOSAL

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fire or explosion, asphyxiation, pressure buildup, embrittlement of materials, and tissue damage similar to that of thermal burns

CRYOGENIC HAZARD

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Condition when there is not enough blood that circulates back to the heart

SHOCK

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Patient who undergoes dialysis may request that the dorsum of their hands be used for venipuncture

DIALYSIS PATIENTS

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should always be used to transport glass bottles pf acid, alkalis, or organic solvents in volumes larger than 500ml

SAFETY CARRIERS

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OSHA Standards

Blood-borne Pathogen Standard
Formaldehyde Standard
Laboratory Standard
Hazard Communication Standard
Respiratory Protection Standard
Air Contaminants Standard
Personal Protective Equipment Standard

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Pathogenic microbe such as virus, bacteria, fungus, protozoa

INFECTIOUS AGENT

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From splashes and aerosols during centrifuge and aliquot

AIRBORNE

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3 basic elements of fire

HEAT
AIR
FUEL

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Provide personnel, product and environmental protection

CLASS II BIOSAFETY CABINET

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Disease-causing microbe which could be classified as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa

Pathogen

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A way wherein an infectious agent can leave the reservoir host

Portal of Exit

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What is ALARA?

AS LOW AS REASONABLY ACHIEVABLE

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Exposure depends on time, distance and protection

RADIATION

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Patients who cannot perform regular daily activities due to their health condition

LONG-TERM CARE PATIENTS

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What is EMLA?

EUTECTIC MIXTURE OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS

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always IMMEDIATELY wash with water for at least 15mins. “NEVER NEUTRALIZE THE SUBSTANCE IF IN CONTACT WITH SKIN”

CHEMICAL HAZARD

Exposure through the skin due to injuries from needlesticks and other sharp objects

PERCUTANEOUS

substances that prevent the breakdown of glucose by blood cells or glycolysis

ANTIGLYCOLYTIC AGENTS

may used to store flammable materials

EXPLOSION-PROOF REFRIGERATORS

enhance coagulation in serum specimen tubes

CLOT ACTIVATORS

Procedure done on a person who is suffering from cardiac arrest

CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)

Patients need end-of-life care

HOSPICE PATIENTS

Equipment such us centrifuges, autoclaves and homogenizers

MECHANICAL HAZARD

Regular fire drills should be conducted

FIRE

BIOHAZARD SYMBOL

Designed to provide maximum protection to the worker and the environment

CLASS III BIOSAFETY CABINET

Airborne, direct or indirect contact, droplets

Means/Mode of Transmission

Provide both personnel and environmental protection from potentially infectious materials and human pathogens

BIOSAFETY CABINET

Donning of PPE

LAB GOWN HAIR CAP MASK GOGGLES GLOVES

an elderly patient needs special attention that may have special conditions

GERIATRIC VENIPUNCTURE

storage and handling of hazardous chemicals and compressed gasses

CHEMICAL STORAGE EQUIPMENT

Inhibits cells from metabolizing substances and move between cells and serum or plasma when centrifuged

THIXOTROPIC GEL SEPARATOR

Doffing of PPE

GLOVES GOGGLES GOWN HAIR CAP MASK

Health Hazard (What color?)

BLUE

With self-closing doors are required for the storage of flammable liquids

STEEL SAFETY CABINETS

Designed to provide maximum protection to the worker and the environment

CLASS III BIOSAFETY CABINET

Source of the agent of infection or place where the microbe could grow, survive, and multiply

RESERVOIR

used for storing, dispensing, or disposing of flammables

APPROVED SAFETY CANS

are chemical substance that prevent blood clots

ANTICOAGULANTS

Patients who need medical attention and assistance from the health professionals from time to time

HOME-CARE PATIENTS

Hands are not sanitized before handling food

INGESTION

Flammability Hazard (What color?)

RED

materials that are free of trace element contamination

TRACE ELEMENT-FREE TUBES

involving children below two years old

PEDIATRIC PUNCTURE

Someone who is prone to infection

Susceptible Host

Special Hazard (What color?)

WHITE

The way an infectious agent enters a host

Portal of Entry

Instability Hazard (What color?)

YELLOW

Meaning of PASS

Pull the pin Aim at base of fire Squeeze the lever Sweep side to side

when a microorganism invades the body, multiplies and causes injury or disease

INFECTION CONTROL

Enacted by the US congress in 1970

PUBLIC LAW 91-596 (OSHA)

Electrical equipment non-conducting agents to extinguish

CLASS C

Can spread from person to person.

COMMUNICABLE INFECTIONS

When hands are visibly dirty

USES SOAP AND WATER

Preferred when hands are not visibly dirty

ALCOHOL-BASED

A healthcare institution should have a set of procedures to break the chain of infection

INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

Usually caused by infected personnel, patients, visitors

NOSOCOMIAL AND HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS (HAI’s)

Sodium, potassium, magnesium and lithium combustible and reactive materials

CLASS D

Employers are now required to comply with occupational safety and health standards

OSH LAW (RA 11058)

Organisms, or substances produced by organism, that pose a threat to human health

BIOLOGICAL HAZARD

Flammable liquids and vapor (paint, oil, grease, gasoline)

CLASS B

Essential part of standard precautions in the healthcare setting

HAND HYGIENE

Cooking oil, grease or fats with high temperature

CLASS K

Used prevent and protect clinical laboratories from harmful pathogens

BIOSAFETY

Ordinary combustible materials such as wood or paper

CLASS A

Identify the additives: Red Tube Orange Tube Yellow Tube Green Tube Light Green Tube Purple Tube Light Blue Tube Black Tube Grey Tube

NO ADDITIVE COAGULANT COAGULANT WITH SEPARATION GEL HEPARIN SODIUM HEPARIN LITHIUM EDTA COAGULANT SODIUM CITRATE 1:9 SODIUM CITRATE 1:4 SODIUM FLUORIDE

the behavior of a healthcare worker as perceived by the patient which is applicable to both in- and out- patient settings

BEDSIDE MANNER

a process of collecting or "drawing" blood from a vein of the patient for laboratory testing purposes

VENIPUNCTURE

helps improve the documentation, handling and reporting of test results

ACCESSIONING THE TEST

What is the recommended gauge for venipuncture?

21G

3 basic components of ETS

Multi-sample needles Tube holder Evacuated tubes

The most common site to perform a venipuncture

antecubital fossa (between the forearm and the arm on the anterior surface of the elbow)

Most commonly used vein for venipuncture

Median cubital vein

How far from the site of draw is the tourniquet placed?

3-4 inches

How many seconds should the tourniquet application?

30-60 seconds

Veins for venipuncture

Median Cephalic Basilic

describe venous blood

deoxygenated blood with a dark red color

How to properly label a blood sample?

Patient’s surname, first and middle Patient’s ID number/ birthday Date, time and initials of the phlebotomist

Petechiae

Small red spots on skin

Edema

Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid

Hemolysis

Rupture of red blood cells with the consequent escape of hemoglobin

Hemoconcentration

an increased concentration or larger molecules and analytes (potassium) *tourniquet left too long

carry blood back to the heart

Veins

Carry blood away from the heart

Arteries

Carry mixture of arterial and venous blood

Capillaries

Puncture device when performing capillary puncture

Lancet

what is the adult skin puncture depth for capillary puncture?

2-3mm

What is the infant skin puncture depth for capillary puncture?

Cannot exceed 2mm

What is the appropriate site selection for adults when performing capillary puncture?

ring and middle finger

What is the appropriate site selection for infants when performing capillary puncture?

Heel

Reason why the the first drop of blood needs to be wiped

Because it contains tissue