ALL IN ONE Flashcards
Spectral reflectance is quantified by:
Measuring the portion of incident energy that is reflected
Chorophyll absobtion bands varies from
0.45nm - 0.67nm
As we go from visible to NIR band, the reflectance of healthy vegetaion Increases or decreases?
Increases
What is red edge?
Where the reflectance of healthy vegetation drastically increases going from visible to NIR.
3 fundamental interaction that can take place when EMR is incident on the earth surface:
Reflection, Absorbtion, Transmission
Soil shows considerably __________variation in reflectance.
Less peak-valley
The presence of moisture in soil will decrease or increase the reflectance?
decrease
________and_______ reduces the reflectace of soil.
Surface roughness, presence of organuc metter
Snow reflect strongly in ______ and _______ band.
Visible , NIR
Snow absorbs more in ________ band
Mid-IR
When particles of contaminants such as dust are deposited on snow, they can ______ the surface reflectance in visible spectrum
Decrease
A linear array of charged coupled device positioned end to end are used in:
Along Track scanner/Pushbroom
A measure of the rate at which heat passess through a material
Thermal conductivity
It determines how well a material stores heat
Thermal Capacity
It’s a measure of the response of a material to thermal changes
Thermal Interia
_________ has pronounced effect on hyperspectral data sensoracquired near 1.40 nm.
Water Vapour
Ground segment sensed at any instance
Ground resolution cell
Due to atmospheric effects thermal imaging systems are restricked to operating either_______or________
3-5nm,8-14nm
A greybody has an emissivity that is less than _____ but is constant at all wavelength.
1
In nearest neighbour interpolation value of the new cell depends on
nearest 1 pixel
Haze is_______error
additive
Haze error corrected by
substraction
the dark pixels are ___________from each band odf the image
subtracted
Skew distortioni sdue to
rotatoion of earth
____correction is used for radiometric correction
cosine
iff 1 detector in a linear array of SPOT5 sensor fails____error can occur
line and column drop out
which radiometric variable are used for atmospheric correction
solar enith angle, scan angle, global irradiance, reflectance from neighbour pixel
____correctionis modification of basic cosine correction.
minnaert
its value vary from 0 and 1. for lambartian surface constant is ____
1
in absence of atmospheric transmittance of solar radiant energy to ground would be
100%
sampling rate determines the ___resolution of a image
spatial
quantization level determines the ____resolution of a image
radiometric
—– effect caused under sampling
aliasing
convolution in spatial domain is equal to ____in frequency domain
multiplication
discrete fourier transform is applied to
discrete infinite sequence
fourier transform for values of frequencies outside the band is ___
0
reduction in grey level of a image lead to an effect called
contouring
a 16 bit image is to be displayed on a 8 bit monitor ____ will be applied to the input signal to display the image
quantization
Dijkstra is a algorithm for
optimum path selection
____ type of attribute is the best option to denote soil types
nominal
in_____database data is organised in a tree like structutre
hierarchical
the max no of relationship instances that an entity can participate
cardinality
which methods can be used to storing raster dta in a compact way
chain codes, quad tree tessellation
____is the process of converting text based postal add. into digital coordinate
geocoding
the____calculates the quantitative measurement of terrain hetarogeneity, summarizing the change in elevation within 3x3 grid
ruggedness
material with 100% reflectance across entire EMS is called
white reflectance
acc to wave theory, EMT travels as
transverse wave
leaves appear gree because
it absorbs red anf reflect green
at what temp. all objects radiate EMR?
-273.15 degree celcius
_____ is the basis of spatial domain processing techniques
histogram
histogram equalisation is mainly used for
image enhancement
the type of histogram processing in which pixels are modified based on the intensity distribution of the image is called
global
the type of histogram processing which is used for minute detailed enhancement
local
convolution and correlation are function of
displacement
in____images are subdivided successively into smaller region
wavelets
____- no of steps are involved in image processing
10
______– deals with tools for extracting image components these are useful in the representation and description of shape
morphological processing
__________ deals with partitioning an image into its contitutional parts or objects
segmentation
the range of values spanned by the grey scale is called
dynamic range
hue is
pure colour
_____ is a measure of degree to which a pure colour is diluted by white signal
satutation
A___________interpolation method provides no assessment of errors with predicted values
deterministic
a_________interpolation method uses every known point available to estimate an unknown value
global
a_________interpolationuses a sample of known points to estimate an unknown value
local
the parameters that defines satellite orbit are called
orbit ephemerides
static survey is usually done by
triangulation
DOP depends on
no of visible satellites
resampling of a raster image
decreases data details
remote sensing –the word coined by
evelyn L. Pritt
gamma rays are having wavelength of
less than 0.03nm
____surveying affcetd by atmosphere path disturbance
modern gps
pseudo range
computing distance between gps antenna and satellite
signal multipath error occures due to
atmospheric condition
real positioning techniques involves
static , kinetic and DGPS techniques
__techniques passes high precision
kinetic
Gps may expect your position to be accurate 95% of the time to within a radius of
100m
most gps receiver use the doppler shift of the carrier phase to compute
speed
____________clock used in gps will synchronize to
UTC
_____ increases the accuracy and precision of location measurement
WAAS
_____________- is the biggest source of error for a DGPS
signal multi pathing
________ uses 2 receiver, one at a known location, one at an unknown location
DGPS
_______image needs scaling
laplacian
sudden changes in intensity procedures peak in _____
first derivative
Edge based classification and boundary based segeentation are example of__________ in image segmentation
discontinuity approach
the dynamic range of the imaging system is a quantitative relation where the upper limit can be determined by____ and lower limit can be determined by _______
saturation, noise
_________ describes slighest visible change in level of intensity
intensity resolution
CAT in image processing
computerized axial tomography
_____ is caused when the grey scale resolution get decreased
false contouring
in________operation indivisual pixel values of the digital image get altered
single pixel
Smoothing is____of pixels.its used to____transition of grey levels. it removes______contours, caused due to insufficient no of grey levels
average, sharp,false
_____ filter belongs to the order _____filter, which ______the pixel value by the median of grey levels, that exists in the neighbourhood of the pixel
median, substitute
____ is the smallest possible value of the gradient image
0
_____is the 2nd order derivative
laplacian
an image is considered to be a function of a(x,y), where a represents
amplitude of image
________ is addind rows and column of 0 or other contant grey level. it is also simply replicating the row and column
padding
______ spectrum is used for encrypting and hiding signal
spread
quantization is a non-linear and ____process
irreversible
to avoid aliasing reduce____and cut out high_____
bandwidth, frequency
analog and digital are classification of ________- in RS
data
relation between velocity, wavelength, frequency
λ= c/f
electromagnetic waves uses _________ field
electric
stefan boltzman formula
M = σ*T4
polar orbiting satellite orbit height
200 to 1000 km in altitude
in________study area is divided into discrete bounded part, with each part having a single unique field value.
example: land classification
discrete field
_________ are the values that provide a name /identifier.
# true computation can’t be done.
# when these values are sorted according to some categories they are known as categorized data
nominal data values
_________ are the values that support addition and subtraction but not multiplication and division
internal data values
____________ are the values that can be put in some natural sequence but do not allow any other type of computation.
example: low, medium, high
ordinal data values
gnss data that provides coarse information about the orbits of gnss satellites
gnss almanac
