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A variable whose value depends on the outcome of a random event is called a _______.
Random variable
In a regression line interpretation, if (x in words) increases by 1 (Unit on axis), then (y in words) increases/decreases by _______.
value of b ignore sign
What does the complement of event A represent?
P(not A) = 1 - P(A), A’
What are mutually exclusive events?
Both can’t happen at the same time
P(A and B) = 0, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
What is the probability mass function denoted as?
P(X = x)
What is the formula for the binomial probability?
P(x)= (nCx) (p^x) (1-p)^n-x
What does the binomial mean represent?
Np
What is the condition for trials in a binomial distribution?
Trials must be independent
The term for the area in the tails of the comparison distribution in which the null hypothesis can be rejected is called the _______.
Critical region
What is the null hypothesis (H0)?
Hypothesis you assume to be correct
The probability threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis is known as the _______.
Significance level
What is the formula for binomial variance?
np(1-p)
What is the acceptance region in hypothesis testing?
The region where we accept the null hypothesis
What is the first step in testing the claim?
Define X
What is the equation for the distribution of x in a binomial distribution?
x~B(n,p)
In the context of hypothesis testing, what does H1 represent?
Alternative hypothesis
What is the formula for the binomial standard deviation?
Square root of np(1-p)
True or False: Independent events affect the probability of each other.
False
What does the intersection of events A and B denote?
A ∩ B
What is the binomial distribution condition regarding the number of trials?
The number of trials (n) must be fixed in advance
What is the lowest value that isn’t an outlier in a box plot called?
Lowest value that isn’t an outlier
What type of data takes values which change in steps?
Discrete Data
What is the advantage of cluster sampling?
Easy to carry out, inexpensive
What is a disadvantage of cluster sampling?
Bias in selection of population
What does the term ‘Union’ refer to in probability?
A or B (A ∪ B)
What is the formula for testing a claim in a two-tailed test?
- Define X, 2. X~B(n,p), 3. State H0 and H1, 4. Find where the bias is (pn)>x/<x, 5. Half significance level then compare, 6. State accept or reject H0, 7. Put into context
