All Flash Cards
What is in the space surrounding the Nucleus of the atom?
Rings of electrons
What is a Nucleus of an Atom made of?
One or more proton
One or more neutron
What holds atoms together?
Electrostatic charges
What causes the interactions between atoms?
of valence electrons
What are 2 atoms bonded together called?
A molecule
What is a covalent bond?
The strongest chemical bond where atoms share one or more electron.
What element is life based off of?
Carbon
What is electronegativity?
Attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.
When does electronegativity happen?
When electrons aren’t evenly shared.
When does a non polar bond occur?
When electrons are evenly shared.
When is a Ionic bond created?
When partners in the bonds have unequal attractions for valence electrons.
When is an atom called an ion?
When it gains or loses an electron.
True or false: Ions don’t posses a full charge
False
Are Ionic bonds weaker then covalent bonds?
Yes
What are ionic bonds characteristics of?
Inorganic Compounds
What is a Van der Waals bond?
Weak interactions between non-polar molecules
What is a hydrophobic interaction?
Non polar molecules are water fearing.
What is a hydrogen bond?
Weak bond between polar molecules that are a major role in determining the shape of proteins and nucleic acids.
Is water polar or non polar
Polar
What are the special properties of water?
- Polar nature and ability to form hydrogen bonds
- Polar molecules that dissolve in H2O are hydrophilic
- Non polar molecules that don’t dissolve in water are hydrophobic
- Held together by hydrogen bonds
- Moderates Earths Temp.
- Solid H20= less dense then liquid
What can H2O ionize?
H+ and OH-
What does a base accept?
OH-
What do Acids release?
H+
What is a monomer?
- Sub-unit of a molecule
- building block of a polymer
What is dehydration synthesis?
- Connects monomers to make proteins
- Losses a water molecule
What is hydrolysis?
Adds waters and splits monomers apart.
Where are nucleic acids found?
DNA and RNA- Genetic Material
What is a nucleitide?
Building block of a nucleic acid
What are proteins made of?
Amino Acids
What does a Amino Acid look like?
- Central Carbon
- Amino Group on the left of carbon
- Carboxylic Acid on the right of the carbon
- Hydrogen above the carbon
- A side chain
What does the side chain show about the Amino Acid?
What the specific amino acid is
What is a Lipid?
- Give us energy
- makes membranes inside us
- non polar
What is saturation?
Hydrogen all around the outside.
What is unsaturation?
- Has a double bond
- Bends
What is Glycolysis?
The break down of glucose
