ALL Drug Classes, Indications, Examples Flashcards
Analgesic
Pain
Acetaminophen, Codeine, Morphine, Oxycodone
Antacid
Heartburn, Acid reflux
Magnesium hydroxide, Aluminum hydroxide
Antianginal
Chest pain due to reduced oxygen supply (Nitroglycerin)
Anticonvulsant/Antiepileptic
Epilepsy, Seizures
Valproate, Carbamazepine, Ethosuximide
SSRI
Depression
Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine
Antipsychotic
Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder
Lithium, Clozapine, Risperidone, Olanzapine, Aripiprazole
Anticoagulant
Prevent formation of blood clots
Warfarin, Heparin, Enoxaparin
Antihistamine
Allergies
Cetirizine, Diphenhydramine, Fexofenadine, Chlorpheniramine, Loratadine
Antihypertensives
Hypertension, High blood pressure
(Beta blockers {Metoprolol}, Calcium channel blockers {Verapamil}, ACE inhibitors {Ramipril}, Diuretics {Hydrochlorothiazide}, Alpha blockers {Terazosin})
Antibiotics
Bacterial infections (Penicillins {Amoxicillin, Ampicillin}, Cephalsporins {Ceftriaxone, Cefazolin, Cefdinir}, Macrolides {Clarithromycin}, Tetracyclines {Tetracycline, Minocycline}, Aminoglycosides {Amikacin, Gentamicin})
Antineoplastics
Cancer
Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Doxorubicin, Cisplatin
NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
Inflammation
Ibuprofen, Aspirin, Naproxen, Celecoxib, Meloxicam
Antitussive
Cough
Dextromethorphan
Antivirals
Viral infections
Acyclovir
Broncholidators
Asthma
Albuterol
Decongestants
Relieve nasal congestion
Pseudoephedrine, Xylometazoline, Phenylephrine
Diuretic
Increase urine output
Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Amiloride
Hormones
Replace endogenous hormones in the body
Conjugated estrogens, Levothyroxine, Medroxyprogesterone
Hypnotic
Induce sleep
Zolpidem, Zaleplon, Zopiclone
Sedative
Reduce irritability
Benzodiazepines
Tranquilizers, Anxiolytics
Reduce anxiety
Benzodiazepines, SSRIs, Antipsychotic drugs
Proton-pump inhibitor
Acid reflux
Omeprazole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole
Antiarrhythmic
Suppress abnormal rhythms of the heart
Quinidine, Lidocaine, Amiodarone, Verapamil, Diltiazem
Biguanide
Diabetes Type 2
Metformin
Taxanes
Chemotherapy drugs
Paclitaxel, Docetaxel
Nootropic
Cognitive enhancers
Caffeine, Amphetamine, Methylphenidate
Eugeroic
Excessive sleepiness, Narcolepsy
Modafinil
MAO inhibitors
Depression
Isocarboxazid, Selegiline, Tranylcypromine
Statins
High cholesterol
Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin
PDE5 inhibitors
Erectile dysfunction (Sildenafil, Tadalafil)
Expectorant
Increase volume of airway secretions to encourage mucus expulsion from the respiratory tract
(Guaifenesin)
Antidote
Reverse the toxic effects of drugs
N-aetylcysteine, Activated charcoal
Opioids
Pain
Codeine, Morphine, Oxycodone, Tramadol
Laxatives
Constipation
Lactulose, Senna, Bisacodyl
H2 antagonists
Excessive acid production
Ranitidine
Dopaminergic drugs
Parkinson’s disease
Levodopa, Ropinirole, Pramipexole
Corticosteroids
Inflammation, Airway inflammation, Skin inflammation
Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone, Beclometasone
Bisphosphonates
Osteoporosis
Alendronic acid, Zoledronic acid, Pamidronate
Benzodiazepines
Sedation, Anxiety, Seizures, Muscle relaxation
Diazepam, Midazolam, Nitrazepam
Antimuscarinics
Urinary frequency, Urinary urgency, Urinary incontinence
Oxybutynin, Solifenacin, Tolterodine
Antifungal drugs
Fungal infections
Clotrmazole, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole
Antiemetics
Nausea/Vomiting
Cyclizine, Promethazine, Prochlorperazine, Ondansetron
ACE inhibitors
Hypertension
Ramipril, Perindopril, Lisinopril
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors
Gout
Allopurinol, Febuxostat
Fluoroquinolones
Bacterial infections
Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Levofloxacin
Antiretroviral drugs
HIV
Tenofovir, Lamivudine, Stavudine, Efavirenz, Dolutegravir
Phosphate binder
High blood phosphate levels in patients with renal failure
Sevelamer
Fibrates
High cholesterol, High blood lipids
Fenofibrate
Immunosuppressant
Overactive immune response, Autoimmune disease, Organ transplant rejection
(Azathioprine, Cyclosporine)
DMARD
Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug
Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease
Methotrexate, Leflunomide, Rituximab, Infliximab