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PUP PHRM822 TOTAL > All Common PUP drugs - Strength/Frequency/Indication/Counseling Tips > Flashcards

All Common PUP drugs - Strength/Frequency/Indication/Counseling Tips Flashcards

1
Q

Overall Notes for Anti-Infectives

A
  • duration of therapy: generally 5-14 days
  • finish entire therapy
  • may cause upset stomach (nausea and/or abdominal pain)
  • Signs of allergic rxn: itching, rash, swelling, difficulty breathing
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2
Q

doxycycline -
monohydrate or
hyclate forms (Vibramycin, Monodox, adoxa)

A

Strengths: 20, 50, 75, 100, 150mg
Freq: q12h
Ind: RTI, UTI, STI, Acne/Skin inf
CT: - sun sensitivity
- wf
- No: Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn food 2h before/after
- decrease OC effectiveness

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3
Q

Amoxicillin (amoxil)

A

Strengths: 250, 500, 875mg
Freq: q8h, q12h
Ind: RTI, UTI, STI, ENT/Skin inf
CT: - Decrease OC effectiveness
- contraindicated if penicillin allergy

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4
Q

Cephalexin (Keflex)

A

Strengths: 250, 500mg
Freq: q6h, q8h
Ind: RTI, UTI, ENT/Skin/Bone inf
CT: - no Zn++ 3hrs after cephalexin
- Contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy
- caution if penicillin allergy

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5
Q

Azithromycin (zithromax, z-pak, tri-pak)

A

Strengths: 250, 500mg
Freq: Z-pak: take two 250mg tabs po on day 1, then one tab days 2-5, q24h
Ind: RTI, STI, ENT/skin/eye inf
CT: - don’t take with an Al++ or Mg++ containing antacid
- QTc prolongation
- Contraindicated if macrolide allergy

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6
Q

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro, Ciloxan)

A

Strengths: 250, 500, 750mg
Freq: q12h
Ind: STI Prostatitis, Skin/bone inf, pneumonia, complicated UTI, RTI, abdominal inf
CT: - QTc prolongation
- no Ca++ or Fe++ 2h b/a
- Sun-sensitivity
- increase caffeine sensitity
- Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy

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7
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)
(Bactrim DS)

A

Strengths: 800mg[S]/160mg[T]
Freq: q12h
Ind: RTI, UTI, HIV-associated inf
CT: - sun-sensitivity
- take with at least 8oz water
- Contraindicated if sulfa allergy

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8
Q

Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin)

A

Strengths: 100mg
Freq: q12h
Ind: UTI
CT: - Orange or brown urine (ok)
- No food with Mg++ 2h b/a
- Take with food/milk to increase absorption

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9
Q

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

A

Strengths: 250, 500mg
Freq: q6h, q8h, q12h
Ind: Abscess, Vaginosis, GI tract inf, STI
CT: -Contraindicated: Alcohol use during or 3 days after last dose
- Metallic taste in mouth
- Headache common adverse effect

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10
Q

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

A

Strengths: 100, 150, 200mg
Freq: q24h, single dose for vaginitis
Ind: Fungal inf of: mouth(thrush), skin, vagina, HIV-assoc
CT: - QTc prolongation
- report any new skin rash to PCP

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11
Q

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

A

Strengths: 500mg, 1g
Freq: q8h, q12h, q24h
Ind: Herpes viral inf of: Genitals, cold sores, shingles
CT: - headache common adverse effect
- does not prevent disease transmission
- drink lots of fluids to prevent accumulation in kidneys

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12
Q

All Contraceptives: Side effects

A
  • Water retention
  • Upset Stomach/nausea
  • Headache
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13
Q

All Contraceptives: Non-FDA Uses

A
  • Regulation of menstrual cycle
  • Lessen menstrual flow
  • Reduce painful menses
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14
Q

All Contraceptives: Miss a dose?

A

Take ASAP or with next days’ dose; e.g., miss Monday, take 2 on Tuesday. If you miss 2 or more days, refer to package directions

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15
Q

Contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol:

A
  • Increased cardiovascular risk (DVT, PE, MI).
  • Not recommended for those: +35 years old, smoker, or history of strokes/ blood clots
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16
Q

All Contraceptives: Counseling Tips

A
  • If OC not started day 1 of menses, use additional non-drug form of contraception first week of therapy
  • Take same time each day for maximum effectiveness
  • Some anti-convulsants [ex: divalproex, lamotrigine] may decrease effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives and/or increase chance of seizures
  • None of the medications on this list protect against HIV/ AIDS/ STDs
17
Q

Ethyinal Estradiol/Norgestimate (Orto Tri-cyclen, Tri-Sprintec, Tri-ViLibra

A

Strengths: 0.035mg/0.18mg, 0.035mg/0.215mg, 0.035mg/0.25mg
Freq: One first phase tab daily for 7d, one second phase tab daily for 7d, then one third phase tab for 7d, then one inactive tab for 7d
Ind: OC,
-Acne
(Tri-phasics mimic natural menstraul cycle)
CT: Look at Overall lists

18
Q

Ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate (loestrin Fe 1/20, Junel Fe, Microgestin Fe)

A

Strengths: 0.02mg/1mg/75mg
Freq: take one active tab for 21 days, then one FE tab for 7 days
Ind: OC
- Acne
(replaces iron lost during menses)
CT: Look at overall lists

19
Q

ehtinyl estradiol/ drospirenone (Yaz, Loryna, Jasmiel)

A

Strengths: 0.02mg/3mg
Freq: active tab for 24 days then one inactive tab for 4 days
Ind: OC
- Acne
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
(Only 4 inactive days= shorter menstrual periods
CT: - Drospirenone lessens the water retention/weight gain side effects of estrogen
-Look at overall lists

20
Q

Ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin (Xulane)

A

Strengths: 0.53mg/4.86mg
Freq: Apply one new patch each week for 3 weeks then week 4 is patch free
Ind: Contraception
CT: -same side effects as OC’s but more common
-adhesive may cause skin rash/ rotate sites
-Do not cut patch
- Apply to butt, upper torso, stomach, upper arm

21
Q

ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel (NuvaRing)

A

Strengths: 0.015mg/0.12mg/ 24h ER
Freq: Insert one ring into vagina on or before day 5 of cycle and leave in for 3 weeks, remove/discard on week 4
Ind: Contraception
CT: If it falls out, rinse with cold water and re-insert within 3h
- don’t remove for intercourse
-Ring is drug delivery device, not a barrier

22
Q

Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)

A

Strengths: 150mg/mL
Freq: 150mg deep intramuscular inj in gluteal or deltoid muscle every 3 months
Ind: - Contraception
- Endometriosis pain
- abnormal uterine bleeding
- amenorrhea
- (No Estrogen)
CT: - Nervousness
- Administration by healthcare professional
- Don’t use >2 years due to potential bone loss
- spotting or absent menses may result

23
Q

Levonorgestrel(OTC)
(Plan B One-step, Econtra One-step)

A

Strengths: 1.5mg
Freq: t1t po asap within 72h of sex
Ind: Emergency post-coital contraception
CT: - same side effects as OC’s but more common
- fatigue
- no evidence of interaction with antibiotics
- will not terminate existing pregnancy

24
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

A

Strengths: 0.5, 1, 2mg
Freq: QD, BID, TID, QID
Ind: -Panic disorder
- seizure disorders
- (off label use: anxiety)
CT: - Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- Ataxia
- Behavioral problems

25
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Strengths: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2mg
Freq: BID, TID or PRN
Ind: Panic Disorder
- Anxiety
CT: Confusion
- Drowsiness
- Excessive drowsiness with EtOH - avoid
- Do not stop drug suddenly if taking routinely

26
Q

cyclobenzaprine (flexeril)

A

Strengths: 5, 10mg
Freq: QD, TID, or PRN
Ind: Muscle Spasm
CT: Dry mouth (aka xerostomia)
- dizziness
- drowsiness

27
Q

Olanzapine (zyprexa)

A

Strengths: 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20mg
Freq: QD / MAX: 20mg/day
Ind: -bipolar
-schizophrenia
-treatment-resistant depressions (with fluoxetine)
CT: - Drowsiness
- Weight gain
- Increase blood sugar and/or cholesterol
- Movement disorders (Muscles restlessness, stiffness, or spasms)
- Decreases sex drive

28
Q

Quetiapine (Seroquel)

A

Strengths: 25, 50, 100, 150, 200mg
Freq: QD / Max 800mg/day
Ind: -Bipolar disorder
-Schizophrenia
- Depression
CT: - drowsiness
- weight gain
- increased BP, tachycardia
- Increased appetite
- Dizziness

29
Q

Aripiprazole (abilify)

A

Strengths: 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30mg
Freq: QD / Max: 30mg/day
Ind: Bipolar Disorder
- Schizophrenia
- treatment-resistant depression (adjunct)
- Irritability associated with autistic disorder
CT: - Drowsiness or insomnia
- Weight gain
- movement disorders

30
Q

Topiramte (Topamax)

A

Strengths: 15, 25, 50, 100, 200mg
Freq: BID / Max: 400mg/day
Ind: - Seizures
- Migraine prevention
CT: - Dizziness/Drowsiness
- Numbness/tingling
- memory impairment
- weight loss due to decreased appetite from nausea

31
Q

pregabalin (C-V) (lyrica)

A

Strengths: 50, 75, 100, 150, 200mg
Freq: TID / Max: 600mg/day
Ind: Neuropathic pain
- fibromyalgia
- seizure adjunct
CT: - drowsiness/dizziness
- headache
- blurred vision
- weight gain

32
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Strengths: 100, 300, 400mg
Freq: TID / Max: 3600mg/day
Ind: - nerve pain from shingles
- seizure adjunct
- non-FDA use: nerve pain disorder
CT: - Drowsiness/dizziness
- uncoordinated muscle movements

33
Q

Lamotrigine (lamictal)

A

Strengths: 25, 100, 150, 200mg
Freq: TID / Max: 700mg/day
Ind: - seizures
-bipolar disorder
CT: - drowsiness/dizziness
- uncoordinated muscle movements
- headache
- blurred/double vision

34
Q

Divalproex sodium (depakote, depakote ER)

A

Strengths: DR: 125, 250, 500mg
ER: 250, 500mg
Freq: DR: TID
ER: QD
Max: 4200mg/day
Ind: - seizures
- bipolar disorder
- migraine prevention
CT: - Drowsiness/dizziness
- tremor
- muscle weakness
- upset stomach- may take with food

35
Q

zolpidem (C-IV) (Ambiem, Ambiem CR)

A

Strength: Ambiem: 5, 10mg
Ambiem CR: 6.25, 12.5mg
Freq: at bedtime
Ind: Insomnia (short term treatment)
CT: Take within 20 minutes of bedtime
- Get > 8 hours of rest
- Risk of abnormal sleep behaviors

36
Q

Temazepam (C-IV) (Restoril)

A

Strength: 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30mg
Freq: at bedtime
Ind: Insomnia
CT: take drug right before you get into bed
- get >8 hours of rest
- headache

37
Q

Loratadine (OTC) (Claritin)

A

Strengths: 5mg, 10mg
Freq: QD
Ind: -Allergy Sx: runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, drainage
- Acute and chronic urticaria (itching) and rash
-allergic allergies
CT: Headache

38
Q

Diphenhydramine (OTC) (Benadryl)

A

Strengths: 12.5, 25, 50mg
Freq: q4-6h prn for allergies, 50mg by mouth at bedtime for sleep
Ind: -allergy sx: runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, drainage
- insomnia
-itching
-motion sickness
CT: - drowsiness
- alcohol intensifies drowsiness
-paradoxical hyperactivity in children
- dry mouth

39
Q

Fluticasone (OTC) (Flonase)

A

Strengths: 50mcg
Freq: 2 sprays in each nostril once daily
Ind: chronic nasal allergy symptoms
CT: -gently shake before each use
-may take several days for full effect
- headache
- sore throat

PUP PHRM822 TOTAL (1 decks)

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