All Chapters Flashcards
The ancient ________ were the first to cultivate beauty in an extravagant fashion.
Egyptians
Which of the following civilizations was the first to infuse essential oils from the leaves, bark, and blossoms of plants for use as perfumes and for purification purposes?
Egyptians
To achieve a look of greater intelligence during the renaissance, women:
Shaved their eyebrows and hairline
During the Middle Ages, women wore colored makeup on their:
Lips
In Ancient Rome, haircolor was used by women to indicate:
Class in society
Archaeologists believe that the practices of hair cutting and hairstyling began sometime during the
Ice age
During the _____ women commonly used henna to add color to their lips and cheeks
Egyptian era
A ______ provides a connection between salons and their staff and the rest of the beauty industry by providing information about new products, new trends, and new techniques.
Distributor sales consultant
In order to get experience providing hairstyling services on film and TV sets, you should be prepared to ____ for a period of time.
Volunteer
To be a successful salon manager, you must have a. Aptitude for math and accounting and understand
Marketing
The curling iron was invented by
Marcel Grateau
The innovator who produced and sold makeup to movie stars that would not cake or crack under hot movie lights was
Max factor
In 2003, _____ introduced the first consumer oriented DVD to the professional salon industry in order to speak directly to consumer.
Sebastian international
The individual credited with coining the term “day spa” is
Noel DeCaprio
The beauty icon who turned the hairstyling world on its ear with revolutionary geometric cuts was
Vidal Sassoon
Short-term goals are those goals that can generally be completed within one ______ or less
Year
Which of these terms refers to the moral principles by which we live and work?
Ethics
All of the following are reasons why cosmetologists should study and have a through understanding of life skills.
Well-developed life skills help you deal with difficult clients and coworkers.
Practicing life skills leads to a more satisfying and productive career.
Life skills help you keep interactions with clients positive.
Which of the following is one of the guidelines for success?
Keep your personal life separate from your work
Which of the following is one of the recommended strategies for effectively managing your time?
Make time management a habit
Effective communicators usually have ____, caring personalities
Warm
In order to be diplomatic, you should be assertive rather than
Aggressive
It is recommended that would otherwise be wasted, such as while
Waiting in a doctor’s office
When we pay attention to our natural ____, we can learn how to manage our time efficiently.
Rhythms
Unfortunately, even if you are creative enough, talented enough, and motivated enough, you will still run into _______ as a cosmetologist
Difficulties
An in healthy compulsion to do things perfectly is called
Perfectionism
The conscious act of planning your life instead of just letting things happen is described as having
A game plan
The thing that propels you to do something is
Motivation
Putting off until tomorrow what you can do today is called
Procrastination
Self-________ involves knowing what you want to achieve and keeping yourself on track so that you do eventually achieve your goal
Centered ness
Your clothing should always be stylish and
Functional
The key to prevent repetitive motion injury is to be aware of
Body posture and movement
Behaving ________ includes having a genuine interest in your own day-to-day activities, as well as being concerned about and for others
Professionally
Your back and shoulders should be relaxed and __________ when you are providing client services.
Level
Opened-toed sandals are _________ footwear when working in a salon.
Inappropriate
The science of how a workplace can best be designed for comfort, safety, efficiency, and productivity is
Ergonomics
The daily maintenance of cleanliness is
Personal hygiene
The impression you project through your outward appearance and conduct in the workplace is your
Professional image
Your posture and the way you walk and move are part of your
Physical presentation
An important aspect of professional image is
Physical presentation
People who create conflict wherever they go typically do so because they are feeling
Insecure
In handling a client who is dissatisfied with a service, the ultimate goal is to
Make the client happy enough to pay for the service and return in the future
All of the following are golden rules of human relations
A smile is worth a million times more than a sneer
Always remember that listening is the best relationship builder
Laugh often
Step 6 of the 10-step consultation method is
Show and tell
All of the following are primary criteria to consider when suggesting hairstyle options to a client
Lifestyle
Face shape
Hair type
The ability to understand people is _______ to the success of a cosmetologist
Key
To earn clients’ __________ and loyalty, you should set aside a few minutes to take new clients on quick tour of the salon, smile, and be yourself.
Trust
If a client request a specific cut or color that she has seen on a celebrity, you should ________ explain whether the look is right for the client.
Diplomatically
If you have clients who are habitually ______, it is recommended that you ask them to arrive earlier than their actual appointment time.
Late
When you meet an older client for the time, it is recommended that you address her with a(n) ______, such as “Mrs. Smith.”
Honorific
It is best to avoid using ______ terms when covering with clients.
Slang
As a cosmetologist, do not attempt to fulfill the role ________, career guide, parental sounding board, and motivational coach for your clients.
Counselor
If, during a discussion, a client is revealing increasingly personal details, it is recommended that you change the subject or _______ to help take her mind off of her troubles.
Suggest a mini relaxation service
You should be open and honest in all of your communications with coworkers, but you must also be ______ to circumstances in which being direct would be hurtful.
Sensitive
When you need to speak with your manager about an issue or problem, it is recommended that you ______ beforehand.
Think of possible solutions
The act of successfully sharing information between two people so that the information is understood is called
Effective communication
The document also known as client questionnaire or consultation card is the
Intake form
The verbal communication also known as the needs assessment is the
Client consultation
Instead of the term client, patrons of day spa are commonly called
Guests
The term commonly used for patrons of medical spas is
Clients
Cocci are bacteria that are
Round-shaped
Which type of bacteria can cause strep throat or blood poisoning?
Streptococci
Bacteria that grow in pairs and can cause pneumonia are
Diplococci
Lyme disease and syphilis are caused by spiral or corkscrew-shaped Bacteria called
Spirilla
In 2000, a bacteria called Mycobacterium fortuitum caused a client outbreak due to the failure of the practitioner to follow proper disinfection guidelines for
Whirlpool foot spas
Bacteria generally consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called
Protoplasm
The process whereby bacteria grow, reproduce, and divide into two new cells is
Binary fission
The presence of pus is a sign of
Bacterial infection
A ______ infection appears as a lesion containing pis and is confined to a particular part of the body.
Local
Which of the following is a condition caused by an infestation of head lice?
Pediculosis capitis
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection is called
Immunity
Disinfectants used in salons must carry a(n) ________ registration number.
Environmental protection agency (EPA)
Which agency publishes the guidelines known as Universal Precautions?
OSHA
A salon implement that accidentally come in contact with blood or body fluids must be thoroughly cleaned and
Completely immersed in an EPA-registered disinfectant
Disinfectants with a high pH that can cause skin irritation or burn the skin or eyes are
Phenolic disinfectants
When washing your hands, you apply soap, lather and scrub your hands and under the free edges of nails with a nail brush for at least
1 minute
Antiseptics are effective for
Killing germs in the hands
Universal Precautions require employees to assume that human blood and body fluids are infectious for
Blood borne pathogens
Which of the following is part of your professional responsibilities?
Follow state and federal laws
Keep your license current
Check for changes to rules
When disinfecting a whirlpool foot spa after use by a client, you must circulate the disinfectant for ______ or the time recommended by the manufacturer
10 minutes
You should clean a whirlpool foot spa and leave disinfectant solution in it overnight
At least once a week
After cleaning and disinfecting a pipe-less foot spa at the end of the day, how should you dry it?
With a clean paper towel
Which form of hepatitis is most difficult to kill on a surface?
Hepatitis B
Accelerated hydrogen peroxide, or AHP, is a recently approved form of disinfectant that only needs to be changed every
14 days
Mix disinfectants properly by
Adding disinfectant to water
Licensing, enforcement, and your conduct when you are working in the salon are regulated by ______ agencies.
State
Some _______ disinfectants are harmful to salon tools and equipment.
Tuberculocidal
As a cosmetologist, you are _______ to treatments for diseases.
Not allowed
Cosmetologists are not allowed to trim or cut living skin around
Any part of the nail
Fungal infections are much more common on the ________ than the hands.
Feet
A surface must be properly cleaned before it can be
Disinfected
Sterilization is the most reliable means of
Infection control
If the label on a disinfection product includes the word concentrate, it means that the product must be
Diluted before use
What solutions are ______ disinfectants when used properly in the salon
Very effective
Using _____ bleach can damage metal and plastic
Too much
Fumigants are _______ in salons because they produce potentially harmful formaldehyde gas
No longer used
Never let disinfectants such as phenols and quats come in contact with your
Skin
Items that are ______ are also considered absorbent
Porous
Salons should keep a _______ that identifies each time a piece of equipment is used, cleaned, disinfected, tested, and maintained.
Logbook
There is no additive, powder, or tablet that eliminates the need for you to _______ equipment such as whirlpool spas.
Clean and disinfect
Not having _______ available poses a health risk to anyone exposed to hazardous materials and violates federal and state regulations.
MSDS’s
Antimicrobial and antibacterial soaps are ______ regular soaps or detergents.
No more effective than
The ______ include hand washing, wearing gloves, and properly handling and disposing of items that may have been contaminated by blood or other body fluids.
Universal precautions
After they have been properly cleaned and disinfected, implements should be stored in a(n) ________ container.
Clean, covered
When cleaning and disinfecting a ____, remove the impeller, footplate, and any other removable parts according to the manufacturer’s instructions
Pipe-less foot spa
At the end of every day, you should properly clean the nonwhirlpool foot basin or tub and then add appropriate amount of disinfectant and let it soak for
10 minutes
Before beginning any service, you should wash your hands using pump soap, water, and
Clean, disinfected nail brush
Something caused by or capable of being transmitted by
Infectious
The one-called microorganisms having both plant and animal characteristics are called
Bacteria
The transmission of blood or body fluids through touching, kissing, coughing, sneezing, or talking is know as _______ transmission.
Direct
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with a(n) ________, such as a razor or an environmental surface, is indirect transmission.
Intermediate contaminated object
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are called
Toxins
A disease that is spread by contact from one person to another person is a(n)
Contagious disease
A disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body, and which may or may not be spread from one person to another person, is a(n)
Infectious disease
The scientific name for plantar warts is
Human papilloma virus (HPV)
Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size is a(n)
Microorganism
The removal of potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface and the removal of visible debris or residue is called
Decontamination
A(n) _______ disease affects the body as a whole, often due to under- or over-functioning of internal glands or organs.
Systemic
The determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or tests is a(n)
Diagnosis
A(n) ______ is a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection.
Inflammation
A parasitic disease is caused by
Parasites
A(n) _______ is a submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms and is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell’s reproductive function.
Virus
The virus that causes AIDS is
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Contact with no intact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties is a(n)
Exposure incident
The scientific name for barber’s itch is
Tinea Barbara
Organisms that grow, feed, and find shelter on or in another organism, while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism, are
Parasites
The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface or visible debris or residues is called
Contamination
The term _________ describes a ringworm fungus of the foot.
Tinea pedis
A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is a(n)
Allergy
A(n) __________ is produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites
Pathogenic disease
Illnesses resulting from conditions associated with employment
Occupational diseases
A(n) ________ is an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of functioning normally
Disease
The basic unit of all living things is the
Cell
The dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is
Nucleus
Human cells reproduce by mitosis, dividing into two identical cells called
Daughter cells
The ______ is the protoplasm of a cell except for the protoplasm in the nucleus
Cytoplasm
The chemical process through which cells are nourished and carry out their activities is called
Metabolism
The constructive phase of metabolism is called
Anabolism
Which type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body?
Muscle tissue
Which type of tissue lines the heart and the digestive and respiratory organs
Epithelial
The connection between two or more bones is called a
Joint
The ______ is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee
Tibia
The oval bony case they protects the brain is the
Cranium
The maxillae bones form the
Upper jaw
The two bones that form the sides and crown of the cranium are the
Parietal bones
The inner and larger phone in the fore arm attached to the wrist and located on the side of the little finger is the
Ulna
The foot is made up of _______ bones.
26
Which muscles are also known as a smooth muscles?
Nonstriated muscles
The part of the muscle that does not move is the
Origin
The broad muscle that covers the top of the head is the
Epicranious
The ______ are the muscles that straighten the wrist, hands, and fingers to form a straight line
Extensors
The muscles at the base of the fingers that draw the fingers together are the
Adductors
The system of nerves that carries impulses or messages to and from the central nervous system is called the
Peripheral nervous system
Sensory nerve endings called ______ are located close to the surface of the skin
Receptors
The largest artery in the human body is the
Aorta
The main blood supply of the arms and hands are the
Ulnar and radial arteries
The popliteal artery supplies blood to the foot and divides into two separate arteries known as the
Anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries
The ______ is the primary needs a muscle of concern to cosmetologist
Procerus
The mental nerve affects the skin of the
Lower lip and chin
The _____ cranial nerve is the chief motor nerve of the face
Seventh
The greater occipital nerve is located at the ______ of the head and affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head
Back
The median nerve supplies impulses to the
Arm and hand
The deep peroneal nerve is located in the
Front of the leg
Valves are structures that temporarily close a passage or permit blood flow in
Only one direction
Deoxygenated blood flows from the body into the
Right atrium
White blood cells are also known as
Leukocytes
Blood _____ the body’s temperature
Plays a role in equalizing
The ______ supplies blood to the muscle of the eyes
Infra orbital artery
The _______ drains the tissue spaces of excess interstitial fluid
Lymphatic system
The ____ is a gland of the endocrine system that secretes enzyme producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates proteins and fats
Pancreas
The ______ Glenn secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body including the fight or flight response
Adrenal
Digestive _____ are chemicals that change certain types of food into a soluble form that can be used by the body
Enzymes
The organ that controls the body is the
Brain
The organs that control the body’s vision are the
Eyes
The heart is the organ that circulates the body’s
Blood
The organs that excretes water and waste products are the
Kidneys
The lungs supply _____ to the blood
Oxygen
The ________ is the organ that removes waste created by digestion
Liver
The _____ covers the body and the external protective coating
Skin
The ______are the organs that Digest food
Intestines kidneys stomach
The ______ System controls the steady movement of the blood through the body
Circulatory
The _____ System changes food into nutrients and wastes
Digestive
The _______ System affect the growth development social functions and health of entire body
Endocrine
The ______ System purifies the body by the elimination of waste matter
Excretory
The _____ System serves as protective coating and helps regulate the body’s temperature
Integumentary
The ______System protects the body from disease by developing amenities and destroy disease causing toxins and bacteria
Lymphatic
The _______ System cover shapes and supports a skeletal tissue
Muscular
The ________ System controls and coordinates all other systems inside and outside of the body and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently
Nervous
The ______ System controls the process by which plants and animals produce offspring
Reproductive
The ________ System enables breathing supplying the body with oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide as a waste product
Respiratory
The _______ System forms of physical foundation of the body
Skeletal
The study of the human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized is
Anatomy
Physiology is the study of the function and activities performed by the
Body’s structures
The study of tiny structures found in living tissues isn’t known as histology or
Microscopic anatomy
Urology is the study of the structure function and pathology of the
Nervous system
The study of nature structure function and diseases of the muscles is
Myology
Osteology is the study of anatomy structure and function of the
Bones
A(n) _______ is a physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails
Dermatologist
Healthy skin is
Smooth with a fine-grained texture
All of the following are appendages of the skin except
Adrenal glands
Which of the following correctly identifies the layers of the skin and far from the outermost layer to the innermost layer?
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
Cells that are almost dead and pushed to the surface to replace cells are shed from the
Stratum corneum
The layer directly beneath the epidermis is the
Papillary layer
Which type of tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body and provides a protective cushion?
Subcutaneous tissue
Which nerve fibers are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attach the hair follicles
Motor nerve fibers
Nerves that regulate the secretion of perspiration and sebum are
Secretory nerve fibers
Basic sensations such as touch pain heat quote and pressure are registered by
Nerve endings
The amount and type of pigment produced by an individual is determined primarily by his or her
Genes
Skin gets its strengths form and flexibility from
Collagen and elastin
The sudoriferous glands do not
Secrete a lubricating substance
To keep your body healthy you must be sure that what you eat
Regulates the function of your cells
Which vitamin accelerates the skins healing processing and is vitally important infighting the aging process
Vitamin C
The epidermis is the _____ layer of the skin
Thinnest
The scalp has larger and deeper _____ then ball skin on the rest of the body
Hair follicles
It is ______ for a cosmetologist to completely remove a client’s callus in the salon
Prohibited
One of the best ways to follow a healthy diet is to read
Food labels
Emotional stress and hormones imbalances can increase the flow of
Sebum
To function correctly the body needs
Carbohydrates fats proteins vitamins minerals and water
The USDA recommends that people eat
Moderate amounts of salt and sugar
Vitamin pills are considered
Nutritional supplements
The appropriate amount of water on a person should drink each day is determined by the persons
Weight
Lack of water is the principal cause of
Daytime fatigue
Small cone shaped elevation at the bottom of the hair follicles are
Dermal papillae
The layer of the epidermis where the process of skin cell shedding begins is the
Stratum spinosum
The coiled base of the sudoriferous gland is known as the
Secretory coil
A small round elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but me the phone plus is a
Papule
Fatty tissue found below the dermis ______ tissue
Subcutaneous
An inflamed pimple containing pus is a
Pustule
The outer layer of the dermis is the ____ layer
Papillary
The layer of the epidermis that is composed of cells filled with keratin is the
Stratum granulosum
A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair is
Sebum
The leader of the epidermis also known as a basal cell layer is the
Stratum germinativum
Approximately ________ percent of skin aging is caused by the rays of the sun
80-85
It is recommended that you wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least ________ on a daily basis
15
A _________ is an abnormal rounded solid lump larger than a papule and located above, within, or under the skin
Tubercle
Which of these terms refers to thin dry or oily plates of epidermal flakes?
Scales
Keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible openings are
Milia
An open comedo is commonly known as a
Blackhead
Which of these is an uncomfortable, and often chronic, disease of the skin, characterized by inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching?
Eczema
A _______ is an abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and irregular shape.
Stain
The absence of melanin pigment from the body and skin sensitivity to light are signs of
Albinism
What is the most dangerous type of skin cancer, often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised?
Malignant melanoma
A cosmetologist must not serve a client who is suffering from an inflamed skin disorder, regardless of whether it is infectious, unless the client
Has a physician’s note permitting the client to receive services
A skin condition caused by inflammation of the sebaceous glands is
Seborrheic dermatitis
The term _______ refers to abnormal coloration that accompanies a skin disorder or systemic disorder
Dyschromia
A(n) ________ is a type of keratoma
Callus
Acne is a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the _______ gland.
Sebaceous
Acne is affected by generic and ____ factors
Hormonal
Noncomedogenic products are specifically designed not to clog the
Follicles
People have ______ over the extrinsic factors that affect aging, but not the intrinsic factors.
Considerable control
The best defense against pollutants is to
Follow a good daily skin care routine
Irritant contact dermatitis occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the
Epidermis
A pustule is a raised, inflamed pimple containing _______ in the top of the lesion
Pus
A ______ is a large, protruding, pocket-like lesion filled with sebum
Sebaceous cyst
Any flat spot or discoloration on the skin left after a pimple has healed is a
Macule
Foul-smelling perspiration caused by bacteria is
Bromhidrosis
A(n) ______ is a slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed
Scar
The contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions is
Impetigo
A ________ is an itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours.
Wheal
A(n) _________ is a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis
Fissure
A small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis is a
Vesicle
The acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles and accompanied by burning, itching skin is
Miliaria rubra
A normal, healthy nail
Is shiny
The portion of the living skin on which the nail plate sits is called the
Nail bed
The _______ is the whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail
Lunula
The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the
Free edge
A _____ is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place
Ligament
The ______ is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail
Sidewall
After an injury, infection, or disease, the natural nail will return to its healthy growth as long as the ________ is healthy and undamaged
Matrix
Replacement of the natural fingernail usually takes about
4 to 6 months
The finger nail on the _____ typically grows slowest
Thumb
The nail has a water content between
15 and 25 percent
The natural nail is an appendage of the
Skin
The appearance of the nails can reflect the general health of the
Body
The _______ is relatively porous and will allow water to pass through
Nail plate
The matrix contains
Nerves lymph and blood vessels
Tissue that adheres directly to the natural nail plate but which can be easily removed with gentle scraping is
Cuticle
Cosmetologist are allowed to ______ the eponychium
Push back
Cuticle moisturizers, softeners, and conditioners are not designed to treat the
Cuticle
Toenails are thicker and harder than fingernails because the ________ of the toenail is longer than of the fingernail
Matrix
Unlike healthy hair, health nails are not ________ periodically
Shed
It takes about ________ for toenails to be fully replaced
Nine months to one year
The living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that covers the matrix area is the
Eponychium
The thin layer of tissue between the nail plate and the nail bed is the
Bed epithelium
The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and free edge of the natural nail plate is the
Hyponychium
The dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate is known as the
Nail cuticle
The ______ is the area where the nail plate cells are formed
Matrix
A normal healthy nail is firm and flexible and should be
Smooth and unspotted
If a client had ridges running vertically down the length of the natural nail plate, it is recommended that you
Buff them carefully
The medical term fungal infections associated with the feet is
Tinea pedis
A typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a _________ spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages
Yellow-green
The separation and falling off of a nail from the nail bed is a sign of
Onychomadesis
Which of the following does not cause onychorrehexis?
Insufficient use of cuticle removers
Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail are signs of which condition?
Nail psoriasis
The term _______ refers to a condition caused by injury or disease of the nail unit.
Nail pterygium
Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the
Nail bed
Nail fungi can be transmitted through _______ instruments
Contaminated
Onychomadesis can affect
Both fingernails and toenails
A cosmetologist can disobey state or federal rules and regulations
Under no circumstances
Which condition is characterized by nails that are noticeably thin, flexible, and white?
Eggshell nails
Which of the following is not a common cause of surface stains on nails?
Poor blood circulation
The condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot is
Bruised nails
The condition in which the living skin around the nail splits and tears is
Hangnail
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is
Onycholysis
The term ________ refers to significant darkening of the fingernails or toenails
Melanonychia
A sharp bend in one corner of the nail plate creating increased curvature is symptomatic of
Plicatured nails
Depressions running across the width of the nail plate are
Beau’s lines
The scientific study of hair, it’s diseases, and care is called
Trichology
The two parts of a mature strand of human hair are the
Hair shaft and hair root
The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root is the
Follicle
Hair follicles are not found on the
Soles of the feet
The ______ is s tiny, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle
Arrector pili
An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands is
Sebum
For chemicals to penates re a healthy cuticle hair layer, they must have
An alkaline pH
The medulla is composed of _____ cells
Round
The process whereby living cells mature and begin their journey up the hair shaft is
Keratinization
The five main elements that make up the chemical composition of human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and
Nitrogen and sulfur
The chemical bonds that hold the amino acid molecules are called
Peptide bonds
Which type of melanin provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones
Pheomelanin
Asians tend to have
Extremely straight hair
To help minimize tangles in extremely curly hair when washing, you should use
A detangling rinse
Hair texture is classified as
Coarse, medium, or fine
The measurement of individual hair strands on 1square inch of the scalp is
Hair density
Compared to hair with high porosity, chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require
More alkaline solutions
Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to _______ of its original length
50 percent
Oily scalp and hair can be treated by properly washing it
With normalizing shampoo
Which type of hair almost never had medulla?
Vellum
The growth phase during which new hair is produced is
Anagen
The average growth of healthy scalp is
1/2 inch per month or 1.25 cm
The technical term used to describe gray hair is
Canities
A condition of abnormal hair growth on areas of the body is
Hypertrichosis
The medical term for dandruff is
Pityriasis
The body can produce 11 of the 20 ___ that make up hair
Amino acids
Salt bonds account for about ______ of the hair’s overall strength
One-third
The anagram phase generally lasts from three to five
Years
Scalp hair grows ______ on women than on men
Faster
The ______ phase signals the end of the growth phase
Catagen
Scalp massage ______ hair growth
Does not affect
Compared to pigmented hair, gray hair is
Norther coarser nor more resistant
Cross-sections of hair
Can be almost any shape
Bald men are commonly perceived as
Less successful
By age 35, almost ____ percent of both men and women show some degree of hair loss
40
Finasteride is an oral prescription medication for hair loss that is meant for
Men only
Congenital canities manifests
At or before birth
Dandruff can easily be mistaken for
Dry scalp
Dandruff is believed to be caused by a
Fungus
The most frequently encountered fungal infection resulting from hair services is
Tinea barbae
Times is characterized by
Itching
The infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is called
Pediculosis capitis
A carbuncle is similar to furuncle, but is
Larger
Fine hair is ______ than coarse or medium hair
More fragile
Coarse hair
Is stronger than fine hair
The ______ is the outermost layer of hair
Hair cuticle
The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles are the ______ glands
Sebaceous
A ______ bond is a physical bond easily broken by water or heat
Hydrogen
Hair is approximately __________ percent protein
90
Total scalp hair loss is known as
Alopecia totalis
Hypertrichosis is also known as
Hirsuties
The naturally occurring fungus that causes the symptoms of dandruff when it grows out of control is
Malassezia
The _____ is the lowest part of a strand
Hair bulb
The technical term for beaded hair is
Monilexthrix
A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite that burrows under the skin is
Scabies
The term for the spiral shape of a coiled protein is
Helix
Shaving, clipping, and cutting the hair on the head
Has no effect on hair growth
Dry sulfur-yellow cup-like crusts on the scalp are called
Scutula
The ______ are part of the integumentary system
Hair, skin, nails, and glands
The long, coarse, pigmented hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of males and females is called _______
Terminal hair
The technical term for knotted hair is
Trichorrhexis nodosa
The _______ is the innermost layer of the hair
Medulla
Hair that forms in a circular pattern on the crown of the head is called
Whorl
The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis is the
Hair root
A tuft of hair that stands straight up is a
Cowlick
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called
Hair porosity
The middle layer of the hair is the
Cortex
An autoimmune disorder that causes affected hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by a person’s own immune system
Alopecia areata
Bell us hair is also known as
Lanugo hair
The medical term for ringworm is
Times
Inorganic chemistry is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain which element?
Hydrogen
A(n) ______ is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances without loss of identity
Element
Chemically joining two or more atoms in definite proportions forms a(n)
Molecule
A(n) _____ is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances
Solution
A(n) _____ is a substance dissolved into a solution
Solute
Liquids that are not capable of being mixed into stable solutions are considered
Immiscible
Solutions that contain undissolved particles that are visible to the naked eye are known as
Suspensions
A(n) ______ is a mixture of two or more immiscible substances with the aid of a binder
Emulsion
A(n) _____ is a substance that acts as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify
Surfactant
The tail of a surfactant molecule is oil-loving or
Lipophilic
A molecule that carries an electric charge is called an
Ion
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs)
Are used to exfoliate the skin
An exit hermit chemical reaction
Releases heat
A substance that has a pH below 7.0 is considered to be
Acidic
Alkanolamines are often used in place of ammonia because they
Produce less odor
Which of these is not composed of organic chemicals?
Minerals
Elemental molecules contain two or more ______ of the same element in definite proportions
Atoms
Vapor is a(n) _____ that has evaporated into a gas-like state
Liquid
An oxidizing agent is a substance that releases
Oxygen
Pure substances
Have unique chemical and physical properties
Calamine lotion is an example of a(n)
Suspension
Water-in-oil emulsions feel _______ than oil-in-water emulsion
Greasier
A common use of _____ is raising the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft
Ammonia
Volatile organic compounds contain _____ and evaporate very easily
Carbon
Which of these types of products has no pH
Oils
The chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide is
Oxidization
The term logarithm means multiples of
10
The process through which oxygen is subtracted or hydrogen is added to s substance via a chemical reaction is
Reduction
Any substance that occupies space and has mass is
Matter
Characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical change in the substance are
Chemical properties
A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions is a(n)
Combined substance
A physical combination matter in ant proportions is a
Physical mixture
The ____ is the smallest chemical component of an element
Atom
Rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, is
Combustion
Characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not involve a chemical change in the substance, are
Physical properties
The flow of electricity along a conductor is called a(n)
Electric current
Electric wires are usually covered with rubber substance that is used as a(n)
Insulator
A ______ is a device that changes direct current to alternating current
Converter
The term ________ refers to a rapid and interrupted current that flows in one direction then in the opposite direction
Alternating current
The unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons through a conductor is a(n)
Volt
Which unit measures the resistance of an electric current
Ohm
The device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit is called a(n)
Fuse
A switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric current at the first indication of an overload is a(n)
Circuit breaker
The negative electrode of an electrotherapy device is called a(n)
Cathode
A process that forces an alkaline product into the tissues from the negative toward the positive pole is called
Anaphoresis
Grounding completes a(n) ________ and carries the current safely away
Electric circuit
All the electrical appliances you use should
Be UL certified
When using ________, the active electrode is the electrode used on the area to be treated
Galvanic current
Micro current can be used to ________ and restore elasticity
Increase muscle tone
Only licensed professionals can use
Light therapy equipment
A wavelength is the distance between successive peaks of _______ waves
Electromagnetic
Invisible light is the light at either end of the ________ that is invisible to the naked eye
Visible spectrum of light
UVC light
Is blocked by the ozone layer
Catalysts are substances that speed up
Chemical reactions
All lasers work by a process known as selective
Photothermolysis
Constant and direct current, having a positive and negative pole, that produces chemical changes when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body is known as ______ current
Galvanic
A medical device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths of focused light to treat such conditions as excessive and spider veins is a(n)
Intense pulse light
The thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration commonly used commonly used for scalp and facial treatments is called
Telsa high-frequency current
A device that works by releasing light onto the skin to stimulate specific responses at precise depths of the skin tissue is a(n)
Light-emitting diode
Wave pattern changes can be created or changed temporarily with styling tools and permanently with
Chemicals
For a client with gold skin tones, a ____ haircolor would be flattering
Warm
In designing for clients with large or broad shoulders, the stylist should create styles with
More volume
Balance is described as creating equal or appropriate proportions to provide
Symmetry
When opposite sides of a hairstyle have different lengths or different volume and appear to have equal visual weight, it is considered to have ______ balance
Asymmetrical
A recurrent pattern of movement in a design is referred to as
Rhythm
The area of a design where the eye is drawn to first before traveling to the rest of the design is called the
Emphasis
To offset or round out the features of a square facial shape, the aim would be to
Create volume between the temples and jaw
The _______ profile has a receding forehead and chin
Convex
The triangular section that begins at the apex or high point of the head and ends at the front corners is called the
Bang area
Design texture can be created temporarily with the use of
Heat and/or wet styling techniques
Which of these is not a physical characteristic taken into account when designing an artistic and suitable hairstyle?
Age
Left natural, ______ hair may not support many styling options
Fine, straight
Which type of hair offers the most versatility in styling
Wavy, medium hair
For ease of styling, ________ hair is generally best cut short
Very curly, fine
The _________ profile has a receding forehead and chin
Convex
For a client with _______, you should direct the hair back and away from the face at the temples
Close-set eyes
For a client with a ________ nose, bring hair forward at the forehead, with softness around the face
Prominent
If a male client has _____, a fairly close-trimmed beard and mustache would be very thinning to the overall appearance
A wide face and full cheeks
To create length and height in hair design, use
Vertical lines
To create width in hair design, use
Horizontal lines
Lines that may move in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction are _____ lines
Curved
The lines know as _______ lines can be straight or curved
Parallel
Lines with a definite forward or backward movement are _______ lines
Directional
The square face shape
Is narrow at the middle third of the face
The face shape featuring a narrow forehead, extreme width through the cheekbones, and a narrow chin is the
Diamond
The _______ face shape features a narrow forehead, wide jaw, and wide chin line
Triangular
The face shape featuring a wide forehead and barrow chin line is the
Inverted-triangle
The______ face shape features a long, narrow face with hollow cheeks
Oblong
What is the primary purpose of a shampoo service
To cleanse the hair and scalp
Which of the following is classified as a universal solvent
Water
Small amounts of chlorine can be added to water to
Kill bacteria
The ingredients on shampoo are listed in what order
From largest to smallest percentage
A pH-balanced shampoo has a pH in the range of
4.5 to 5.5
Which of the following substances absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture
Humectants
A _________ is designed to penetrate the cortex and reinforce the hair shaft from within, to temporarily reconstruct the hair
Protein conditioners
Which of the following is used after a scalp treatment and before styling to remove oil accumulation
Scalp astringent lotion
Brushing of the hair should never be done prior to
Chemical services
The most highly recommended hairbrushes are those made from
Natural bristles
As a safety feature for the client, during a shampoo you should monitor the water temperature by
Keeping one finger over the edge of the spray nozzle in contact with the water
A scalp treatment used when there is a deficiency of natural oil on the hair or scalp should contain
Moisturizers and emollient ingredients
High-frequency current should never be used on hair treated with tonics that contain
Alcohol
Excessive oiliness is caused by
Overactive sebaceous glands
When working a shampoo into a lather, you use
The visions of your fingertips
The primary difference between a relaxation massage and a treatment massage is
The products you use
What should be the primary consideration when selecting a shampoo
The condition of the client’s hair and scalp
Color-enhancing shampoos are used to
Eliminate unwanted color tones from the hair
All of the following are types of conditioners except
Spray-on
Spray-on thermal protectors safeguard against the harmful effects of ______ the hair
Blow drying
For a client with ______ hair, it is recommended that you use a gentle cleansing shampoo and a light leave-in conditioner
Fine damaged
Appropriate products for coarse, damaged, dry hair include all of the following except
Spray-on thermal protector treatments
Part one of the three-part procedure includes
Cleaning and disinfecting your tools
What is the correct way to rinse your implements after cleaning them?
Run them under warm flowing water
You should wait until ____ before discussing your retail product recommendations
The service is complete
Rainwater or chemically softened water that contains only a small amount of minerals is called
Soft water
Water that contains minerals that reduce the ability of soap or shampoo to layer properly is called
Hard water
A _______ procedure is one that may produce undesirable side effects
Contraindicated
Shampoo containing special ingredients that are very effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions is called ______ shampoo
Medicated
Shampoo designed to make the hair appear smooth and shiny and to improve the manageability of the hair is called _____ shampoo
Conditioning
Shampoo containing an active chelating agent that binds to metals and removes them from the hair is called _____ shampoo
Clarifying
Shampoo designed to wash away excess oiliness while preventing the hair from drying out is called ________ shampoo
Balancing
Shampoo that cleanses the hair without the use of soap and water is _______ shampoo
Dry
The ______ end of a surfactant molecule is water-attracting
Hydrophilic
The ______ end of a surfactant molecule is oil-attracting
Lipophilic
The reference point that signals a change in head shape from flat to round or vice versa is the
Parietal ridge
The straight lines used to build weight or create a one length or low-level haircut are
Horizontal lines
The straight lines used to remove weight or create graduated layers are
Vertical lines
For control during haircutting, the hair is divided into uniform working areas called
Sections
The angle at which the fingers are held when performing a haircut is the
Cutting line
Which guideline is used when creating layers or a graduated cut?
Traveling guideline
The technique of combing hair away from its natural falling position, rather than straight out from the head toward a guideline, is called
Over direction
For a client with a long face, the stylist would recommend a style that adds
Fullness on the sides
To compensate for Shinkage associated with curly hair, the stylist should allow for Shinkage of
1/2 inch to 2 inches
The direction that hair grows from the scalp into a natural falling position is the
Growth pattern
Which type of comb is used for close tapers in the scissors-over-comb technique
Barber comb
The technique used to free up the dominant cutting hand to cut a subsection is called
Transferring the comb
The term used to describe the pressure applied to hair when combing or holding a subsection is
Tension
When cutting hair, a general rule of thumb is to stand or sit
Directly in front of the area you are cutting
The technique of cutting below the fingers or inside the knuckles using a horizontal cutting line creates
A blunt haircut or heavier graduated haircut
The visual line in s haircut, where the ends of the hair hang together, is the
Weight line
Parting a haircut in the opposite way it was cut to check for precision of line and shape is called
Cross-checking
For a blunt haircut, when using the wide teeth of a comb when cutting, comb the section first with the fine teeth and then
Turn the comb around and comb with the wide teeth
The term used to describe how hair is moved over the head is
Distribution
A method of cutting or thinning hair where the fingers and shears glide along the edge of the hair to remove length is
Slide cutting
The process of removing excess bulk or cutting for effect without shortening hair length is known as
Texturizing
Thinning hair to graduated lengths using s sliding movement with shear blades partially open is called
Slithering
When performing the slicing technique on the surface of the haircut, it is the best to work on
Dry hair
When using the clipper-over-comb technique, the length is determined by the
Angle of the comb
Haircuts ________ have often reflected a change in the thinking of the time
Throughout history
The ability to duplicate an existing haircut or create a new haircut from a photo will build a stronger professional relationship between the stylist and
Clients
Elevation creates
Graduation and layers
The outer line of a cut is known as the
Perimeter
Shears should be sharpened
Only as needed
You should use _______ tension when your goal is to create precise lines
Maximum
Using a razor on _______ hair will weaken the cuticle and cause frizzing
Curly
A client consultation should be performed _______ every haircut
Before
The client’s hair should be ______ before the consultation
Cleansed and unstyled
A quick way to analyze a face shape is to determine if it is
Wide or long
A fine hair strand is much ______ than a coarse hair strand
Skinnier
Hair density is the number of individual strands on ________ if scalp
1 square inch
Clippers
May be used with guards of various lengths
Cast shears are usually ______ than forged shears
Less expensive to purchase
The ______ on a pair of shears is designed to give you more control over the shear
Finger tang
Your shears should be cleaned and lubricated once a
Week
Before purchasing a pair of shears, ensure that the company has authorized someone in your area to _______ the company’s shears
Sharpen
Knowing how to hold your tools properly will help you avoid muscle strain in your
Arms
When palming the shears, you hold the comb with your ______ fingers
Thumb index and middle
When cutting hair, it is important to always use ________ tension
Consistent
Heavier graduated haircuts work well on hair that ______ when dry
Expands
Which of these statements about razor cutting is true?
When working with a razor, the ends are cut at an angle
Texturizing cannot be done with
Clippers
When using clippers, you should always work _______ the natural growth patterns, selection the nape
Against
When trimming a male client’s facial hair, it is recommended that you check ________ and ask if he would like you to remove any excess hair
Both his ears and eyebrows
The term _______ refers to the shape of the head
Head form
Spots that mark where the surface of the head changes are
Reference points
The widest area of the head is the
Parietal ridge
The bone that protrudes at the base of the skull is the
Occipital bone
The highest point at the top of the head is the
Apex
The area at the back part of the neck is the
Nape
The triangular section that begins at the apex and ends at the four corners is the
Bang area
A _______ is a thin continuous mark used as a guide
Line
Lines parallel to the floor are _______ lines
Horizontal
The space between two lines or surfaces that intersect at a given point is a(n)
Angle
Lines perpendicular to the floor are ______ lines
Vertical
Lines that have a slanting or sloping direction are ______ lines
Diagonal
The line dividing the hair at the scalp is a
Part
When creating uniform layers, the hair is elevated to ________ degrees from the scalp and cut at the same length
90
When hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture loss, the process is called
Shinkage
The first step in the hairstyling process should always be a
Client consultation
Shaping and directing the hair into a S formation using a comb, lotion, and the fingers is called
Finger waving
In creating horizontal finger waves, the waves are placed
Sideways and parallel around the head
The stationary foundation of a pin curl is the
Base
Pin curls that produce tight, firm, long-lasting curls and allow for minimum mobility are known as
No-stem pin curls
Pin curls formed in a shaping should begin at the
Open end
Pin curl bases are referred to as rectangular, triangular, square or
Arc-shaped
Pin curls slices from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head are known as
Carved curls
The panel of hair on which a roller is place is the
Base
Hair between the scalp and the first turn of a roller is the
Stem
The point where curls of opposite directions meet forming a recessed area is called the
Indentation
To smooth hair that is back combed, the teeth of the comb or brush should be held at a ________ pointing away from you
45-degree angle
Which type of styling product is also commonly known as mousse?
Foam
A benefit of using _______ is that it offers firmer, longer hold for fine hair with the least amount of heaviness
Texturizer
Which of these styling aids is applied to damp wavy or curling hair to create a straight look when the hair is blown dry?
Straightening gel
To remove dirt oils and product residue from the barrel of s thermal iron, use a dampened towel with a sappy solution containing a few drops of
Ammonia
Which of the following is a technique used temporarily straighten extremely curly or unruly hair until the hair is shampooed
Hair pressing
Apply a thermal pressing comb through the hair twice on each side to remove curl is a
Hard press
A tight scalp can be made more flexible with hair brushing and the systematic use of
Scalp massage
When executing an updo, always inspect the shape you are building from every angle to ensure that it is
Balanced and well-proportioned
After hearing the iron to the desired temperature, you test it on
A piece of tissue paper
When using rollers, one and a half turns will create
A wave
Hot rollers are to be used on
Dry hair only
Clients are most likely to request a pleat for
A special event
How long do Velcro rollers need to stay in the hair
5 to 10 minutes
Wrapping can be done
On wet or dry hair
The technique of drying and styling damp hair in one operation is called
Blow dry styling
The ______ is a nozzle attachment with a directional feature that creates a concentrated stream of air
Concentrator
Thermal waving is also known as
Marcel waving
Nonelectrical thermal irons are commonly favored by stylist who cater to clients with ________ hair
Excessively curly
What is the best way to practice manipulative techniques with thermal irons?
Rolling the cold iron in your hand first forward, then backward
Thermal curling is effective for all BUT which of the following?
Wigs made of nylon hair
Ends curls can be used to give a finished appearance to the ends of _____ hair
Long, medium, or short
Full-base curls
Provide a strong curl
Who can diagnose scalp skin disease?
A dermatologist
Coarse, extremely curly hair
Requires extra hear to press
When tempering a new pressing comb, you should NOT
Cool the comb in a freezer
Which of the following is usually recommended at the side front hairline for a smooth, upsweep effect?
Rectangular base curls
Which type of curls are usually recommended along the front or facial hairline to prevent breaks or splits in the finished hairstyle?
Triangular base pin curls
Which type of curls are suitable for curly hairstyles without much volume and lift, can be used on any part of the head, and will comb out with lasting results?
Square base pin curls
Where are skip waves typically found?
The side of head
Pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a wave are called
Ridge curls
Which type of curls are also known as stand-up curls?
Cascade curls
Which type of curls have large center openings and are fastened to the head in a standing position on a rectangular base?
Barrel curls
Which roller position is recommended for full volume?
On base
Which roller position is recommended for the least volume?
Off base
Which of these is used to build a soft cushion or to mesh two or more curl patterns together for a uniform and smooth comb out?
Backbrushing
Which of these involves combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp, causing shorter hair to mat at the scalp, forming a cushion or base?
Backcombing
A ________ is a half-based brush
Classic styling brush
A ________ is generally an oval brush with a mixture of boar and nylon bristles
Grooming brush
A _______ is a thin, nylon styling brush that has a tail for section ing, along with a narrow row of bristles
Teasing brush
A ________ is a brush used to speed up the blow drying process
Vent brush
Finger Waving was very popular during the
1920’s and 1930’s
Arc-base pin curls are also known as
Half-moon curls
Which part of a roller curl is also known as the circle?
The curl
How many times do you turn the roller to create a C-shape curl
One
Velcro rollers can be used
Only on dry hair
A hood dryer is recommended if you want
Pin curls
When you use a comb with teeth spaced closely together, it
Creates a textured surface
Which type of styling product is also known as wax?
Pomade
In natural-hairstyling services, texture refers to all but which of the following qualities?
The length of the hair
Which of the following is recommended for a client with a square face?
Framing the face with longer braids
The _______ face us a too-long oval and requires a style with more width at the sides
Elongated
Which brush is recommended for scalp stimulation and removal of dirt and lint from locks?
Boar-bristle brush
Which of the following is a characteristic of kanekalon?
It closely mimics human hair
When curly hair is braided wet, it _______ as it dries
Shrinks
A(n) ________ braid is created using a three-strand underhand braid technique where strands are woven under the center strand
Visible
Single braids can move
In any direction
Extensions for single braids are integrated into natural hair using the
Three-strand underhand technique
Which of the following is NOT a basic method of locking
The block roll is not
In some African tribes different styles of braiding indicated
A person’s social status
What is the most important feature if the wide-toothed comb
The material from which the comb is made
Most human hair used for hair extensions is imported from which part of the world
Asia
Blow drying does NOT
Tighten and shrink the wave pattern
The fishtail braid is best done on
Long, non-layered hair
How long does a tree braiding service take?
4 hours
During which developmental phase of locks can a bulb be felt at the end of each lock?
Sprouting stage
During which developmental phase of locks does the hair begin to regain length
Growing stage
During the first developmental phase of locks, the hair coil
Has an open end
Which of these is a braid created with two strands that are twisted around each other?
Rope braid
Which of these are separate networks of curly, textured hair that have been intertwined and meshed together?
Locks
A _____ is used to dry without disturbing the finished look and without dehydrating the hair
Diffuser
The practice of overlapping two strands to form a candy cane effect is known as
Twisting
When performing a braiding service, it is recommended that you use ______ to create shapes and finished looks, and to trim bangs and excess extension material
Five-inch scissors
The term _____ refers to narrow rows of invisible braids that lie close to the scalp and are created with a three-strand, on-the-scalp braiding technique
Cornrows
Which of these is a tool that separates the hair as it combs, and is recommended for detangling wet curly hair
Double-toothed comb
Which of these is a tool used for cutting small sections, and should only be used after the hair is softened and elongated with a blow dryer
Cutting comb
A _____ is recommended for lifting and separating textured hair
Pick with rounded teeth
A(n) ______ is a free-hanging braid with or without an extension that can be executed using either an underhand or an overhand technique
Single braid
Which type of brush is recommended for releasing tangles, knots, and snarks in short, textured hair and long, straight hair
Square paddle brush
What is the benefit of mixing yak hair with human hair
It helps to remove the manufactured shine
Which of these terms does NOT refer to a three-strand braid produced with an overhand technique
Rope braid
The _______ method involves applying extensions to cornrows by building the braid up strand by strand
Feed-in
A finishing comb is usually _____ in length
6 to 8 inches
The flat leather pad with very close, fine teeth used to sand which human hair extensions is called a
Drawing board
The fastest way to determine whether a trams of hair is synthetic is to
Burn it with a match
Which of the following is a disadvantage of synthetic hair?
Synthetic hair cannot be exposed to extreme heat
When performing a haircutting procedure on a wig, the goal generally is to make the wig
Look realistic
When cutting a wig using a free-form method, move from longer to shorter lengths, working
Toward the weight
Which method of construction is typically least expensive?
Machine-made
When shampooing a wig, it is recommended that you avoid shampoos that have a(n)
Sulfur base
Synthetic hair colors used on wigs and hairpieces are standardized according to the _______ colors on the haircolor ring used by wig and hairpiece manufacturers
70
The ____ is a sewing stitch on which the thread is wound around the needle twice
Double-lock stitch
The _______ involves attaching hair wefts or single strands with an adhesive or glue
Bonding method
The fusion method of extensions requires that the bonding material be activated with
Heat
Which of these is NOT an advantage of using a hair addition made of human hair
It never frizzed or loses its curl in humid weather
When using heat on human hair, you should set the styling tool on
Low
Traditionally, brushes made with ______ bristles have been regarded as best for use on human hair
Natural boar
A hair wrap is secured to the client’s own hair with
Hairpins
When sewing on an extension using the braid-and-sew attachment method, it is recommended that you do NOT use a _______ needle
Sharp
When bonding, it is recommended that you work ______ away from the hairline to keep the wefts from showing
One inch
To use a linking method of attachment, the natural hair should be at least how long
4 inches
A(n) ________ is a small wig used to cover the top and crown of the head
Toupee
A ______ is a long strip of hair with a threaded edge
Weft
A(n) _____ is a hairpiece that has openings in the base, through which the client’s own hair is pulled to blend with the hair of the hairpiece
Integration hairpiece
The head-shaped form on which a wig is secured for fitting, coloring, and sometimes styling is known as a
Block
A(n) ________ is a hair addition secured to the base of the client’s natural hair in order to add length, volume, texture, or color
Hair extensions
A ______ is made by inserting individual strands of hair into mesh foundations and knotting then with a needle
Hand-tied wig
Hair that has been shed from the head and gathered from a hair brush is known as
Fallen hair
A ________ is an artificial covering for the head consisting of a network of interwoven hair
Wig
A wig constructed with an elasticized, mesh-fiber base to which the hair is attached is called a
Cap wig
Hair in which the riot end of every single strand is sewn into the base is called
Turned hair
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of wigs made with synthetic hair
They always look natural
Indian hair is usually
Wavy
When styling a wig, it is recommended that you
Use the wind test to gauge how realistic it looks
