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Module 6 - Fixed Pros > All Ceramic Restorations > Flashcards

All Ceramic Restorations Flashcards

1
Q

3 advantages of all ceramic restorations?

A
  1. Highly aesthetic.
  2. Highly biocompatible.
  3. Certain systems can be provided same day.
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2
Q

3 types of restorations where all-ceramic may be used?

A
  • Veneers.
  • Crowns.
  • Bridges.
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3
Q

4 disadvantages of all ceramic restorations?

A
  1. Mechanical properties (prone to fracture under oral function).
  2. Require larger reduction in tooth tissue compared to metal.
  3. High cost.
  4. Reduced scope for adjustment or repair.
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4
Q

How are dental ceramics often classified? (2)

A
  1. By composition.
  2. By method of manufacture.
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5
Q

Dental ceramic classification by composition (4 types)?

A
  1. Glass-based ceramics.
  2. Glass infiltrated ceramics
  3. Polycrystalline (non-glass) ceramics.
  4. Resin-matrix ceramics
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6
Q

What are the types of glass based ceramics (3)? What do these contain?

A
  • Contain glass and filler.
    1. Feldspathic glass (filler <17%, high aesthetics yet most fragile).
    2. Moderately filled glass ceramics (17-45% leucite based filler).
    3. Highly filled glass ceramics (45%-70% leucite or lithium disilicate filler).
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7
Q

What is the effect of high filler on properties (2)?

A
  • Less aesthetic.
  • Stronger.
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8
Q

What are the contents of glass infiltrated ceramics? What are its properties (2)?

A
  • Alumina, magnesium or zirconia infiltrated with low viscosity glass.
  • Good mechanical properties, reduced aesthetics.
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9
Q

Trade name example of glass-infiltrated ceramics?

A

In-Ceram.

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10
Q

What are the contents of polycrystalline ceramics (2)? What are its properties (1)

A
  • Contain NO GLASS.
  • Alumina or zirconia based.
  • Good mechanical properties.
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11
Q

What are the contents of resin matrix ceramics (2)? What is disadvantage?

A
  • Similar to COMPOSITE.
  • Ceramic nanoparticles in a resin matrix.
  • Limited clinical study on them.
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12
Q

Dental ceramic classification by method of manufacture (3 types)?

A
  1. Sintering.
  2. Hot pressing/ injection moulding.
  3. Machining.
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13
Q

3 steps to sintering?

A
  1. Ceramic powder mixed with water is built to the required tooth shape (on a cast of the tooth preparation).
  2. Exposure to high temperature.
  3. Partial melting and fusing of particles.
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14
Q

What is an example of an all ceramic restoration manufactured by the sintering process?

A

In Ceram

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15
Q

What is hot pressing/ injection moulding similar to?

A

Lost wax technique.

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16
Q

2 steps to hot pressing/ injection moulding?

A
  1. Wax up of the restoration is invested in refractory die.
  2. Heated block of ceramic in injected under pressure to replace the wax and form the ceramic restoration.
17
Q

What does CAD/CAM stand for?

A
  • Computer aided design/ computer aided manufacture.
18
Q

What does machining use?

A

CAD/CAM machine.

19
Q

Steps to machining?

A
  1. Prepare tooth and take a digital impression and design
  2. The restoration is milled (soft or hard state) from a block of ceramic (mono or multichromatic blocks available).
20
Q

What are monolithic all ceramic restorations?

A
  • Machined from a SINGLE BLOCK of ceramic.
21
Q

What are bilayer all ceramic restorations?

A
  • SImilar to metal ceramic crowns.
  • COPING made of tougher highly filled glass ceramic or zirconia.
  • More aesthetic FELDSPATHIC porcelain can then be built onto this coping.
22
Q

What is Lava?

A

Tradename for machining zirconium crown.

23
Q

What type of preparation must be avoided (especially for all ceramic restorations)? why?

A
  • Avoid sharp angulation as these can cause STRESS CONCENTRATIONS in the restoration, initiating FAILURE.
24
Q

Tooth reduction measurements for an anterior Lava crown?

A
  • Incisally/ occlusally: 1.5-2mm.
  • Labially: 1-1.5mm. (1mm towards the ADJ).
  • Palatally: 1-1.5mm (1mm closer to ADJ).
25
Q

Tooth reduction measurements for a posterior Lava crown?

A
  • Occlusally: 1.5-2mm.
  • Buccally: 1-1.5mm (1mm towards ADJ).
  • Lingually: 1-1.5mm (1mm towards ADJ)/
26
Q

3 factors that affect the choice of luting cement for all ceramic crowns?

A
  1. Preparation characteristics (height, taper).
  2. Types of ceramic (glass vs glass infiltrated vs polycrystalline).
  3. Aesthetic demands (anterior vs posterior).
27
Q

Generally what 2 cements are considered ideal? What curing system is preferred?

A
  • Resin modified glass ionomer.
  • Resin luting cement.
  • Dual curing system preferred.
28
Q

What is dual curing system?

A
  • Command setting (light cure around the margins).
  • Ongoing setting (chemical curing underneath the restoration).
29
Q

What acid is used to etch enamel?

A

phosphoric acid

30
Q

What acid is used to etch ceramic restorations? Why is this important?

A

Hydrofluoric acid. Much more dangerous acid and not suitable for use chairside/ in surgery.

31
Q

2 considerations prior to cementing a crown?

A
  • Use try in paste to gauge optical properties in anterior restorations.
  • Various surface treatments for restoration (etching, abrasion, silanation).
32
Q

What is the adhesive cementation procedure for polycrystalline aluminum and zirconium oxide ceramics?

A
  • Glass-infiltrated alumina.
  • Aliminum oxide and zirconium oxide.
  1. Air abrasion with aluminum oxide (in the lab).
  2. Apply adhesion promoting agent w/ MDP (ex. Panavia).
  3. Dry.
33
Q

What is the survival of all ceramic restorations?

A

Most all ceramic restorations demonstrate a 5-year survival of around 95%.

34
Q

Common causes of all ceramic restoration failure (9)?

A
  • Fracture of the restoration.
  • Periapical pathology.
  • Loss of retention.
  • Hypersensitivity.
  • Pre-prosthetic core fracture.
  • Chipping.
  • Root fracture.
  • Secondary caries.
  • Endodontic complications.
35
Q

Which glass-based ceramic has the highest aesthetics yet highest fragility?

A

Feldspathic glass.

36
Q

Which ceramics require air abrasion with aluminum oxide and application of an adhesion-promoting agent containing MDP (2)?

A
  • Polycrystalline
  • Glass-infiltrated alumina (glass-filled ceramic).
37
Q

What is in ceram?

A

A glass-infiltrated, all ceramic restoration manufactured by the sintering process.

Module 6 - Fixed Pros (8 decks)

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