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Engendering (相生 xiang sheng)
Wood engenders fire Fire engenders earth Earth engenders metal Metal engenders water Water engenders wood
Restraining (相克 xiang ke)
Wood restrains earth Earth restrains water Water restrains fire Fire restrains metal Metal restrains wood
Overwhelms
Instead of restraining a weak
phase is overwhelmed
Wood>Earth>Water>Fire>Metal>
When one of the five phases is weakened and then the phase which normally restrains it, over-restrains it Ex: Wood normally restrains earth. If earth is weakened, then wood overwhelms earth
Rebellion
acts against
the restraint, that which
should be restrained instead
acts in rebellion of normalflow
Wood>metal>fire>
water>earth>wood
When one of the five phases is disproportionately strong and rebels against the phase that normally restrains it Ex: Wood is normally restrained by metal. If wood is excessively strong, then it rebels against metal
Yin
Shady, northern side of the hill, downward/lower aspects, internal aspects, heavier, structural
Yang
Sunny, southern side of the hill, upper/higher aspects, external aspects, lighter, mobile
Interplay of yin and yang
Opposition (1.1.1, 1.1.2)
Interdependence/ rooted in each other
Counterbalance/interconsumption (1.1.4)
Inter transform/mutual convert (1.1.5)
Vital substances
Yin substances: Blood- Xue, Body Fluids-Jin ye, Essence-Jing
Yang fluids: Qi, Spirit-mind/Shen
Viscera and Bowels/ Yin Yang
As to the organs the viscera belong to yin
the bowels belong to yang
Viscera: Liver, Spleen, Heart, Lung,Kidney
Bowels: gallbladder,stomach,intestines,bladder
and triple warmer (san jiao)
opposition
Seasons and Time Summer / Noon /yang within yang Fall / sunset / yin within yang Winter / midnight/ yin within yin Spring / daybreak/ yang within yin
Interdependence
Without Yin, Yang cannot arise; Without
Yang, Yin cannot be born
Yin is in the inner and roots yang and Yang is
in the outer and moves Yin
Clear Yang issues from the upper orifices
while turbid Yin issues from the lower orifices
Interdependence
Qi is the Commander of Blood
“Blood is the mother of Qi”
Counterbalance/ Mutual Consumption (1.1.3)
We consume and restore yin and yang daily, a relative balance or equilibrium is maintained by our daily living and resting habits. Failure to maintain this relative balance leads to preponderance of yin or of yang and creates the environment for disease to ensuea log which is substance (yin) is needed for nourishment of the flames (yang). To have a fire that maintains over a period of time one must replenish the logs and balance how quickly they are consumed into flame.
Too little or Too much?
When the counterbalance is upset there are
four types of imbalance to consider in
choosing an effective corrective measures:
Too little of either the yin or the yang polarity
Too much…something is lingering and stuck, a
pathogen blocking the correct dynamic
Too little Yin or Yang Deficient yin/ yin vacuity/ empty yin condition- treatment goal is to restore yin polarity Deficient yang/yang vacuity/empty yang- treatment goal is restore yang polarity
Surfeit of yin/ yin repletion/ full condition
Damp, Cold, Phlegm or Blood Stasis-
eliminate pathogenic cold/damp/phlegm or move blood
Surfeit of yang/yang repletion/ full condition
eliminate pathogenic Wind, Heat (Fire) or Dryness
Yin Yang- 8 principle pattern diagnosis
Interior, Cold, Vacuity , Yin
Exterior, Heat, Repletion, Yang
Treatment
-If there is a surfeit/ repletion we “eliminate evil
and restore right qi (clear heat, warm cold,
transform damp)
If there is a deficit / vacuity we must restore
the right (nourish yin, warm yang, boost Qi,
nourish blood)
Some thoughts: How can a “common cold”
be a replete condition?
Evil Qi/ Xie Qi verses Right Qi/ Zheng Qi
“When Right Qi dwells within the body, Evil cannot enter” Short term imbalance leads to moment exposed to external pathogenic invasion
Wind, cold, heat, dryness, damp, summerheat can invade
Signs include: acute onset, fever and aversion to wind or cold and superficial pulse
Jing Essence
Yin fluid like substance • Broadly describes all the substances which make together make the body • Responsible for growth development, maturity and aging
congenital essence:
prenatal, preheaven,
acquired essence
post natal, post heaven
reproductive essence
Kidney essence
Essential qi
activated essence can be
called Original qi, source Q
Sources of Jing
Congenital Essence
Inherited from parents
Quantity is fixed
Responsible for fetal
development from
conception to birth
Acquired Essence
Made from the essence of
food and fluids by the
stomach and spleen
With consistent qi gong practice
may enhance
Conservation is
dependent on lifestyle
choices made
Reproductive essence
The essence which is stored in the kidney and is passed to a new generation. It is considered to be a combination of congenital and acquired essence
Essential Qi
The essence is a basis for Kidney Qi Essence in its active aspect of maintaining and procreating life is often referred to as”essential Qi” which is stored in the kidneys and circulates via the 8 extraordinary channels
Function of Jing Essence
Congenital and Acquired Essence combined
is simply called Jing or Essence
• Basis for Growth, Reproduction and
Development
• Essence is stored in the Kidneys
• Circulates via the eight extraordinary vessels
• Develops in 7 year cycles in women and
8 year cycle in men
• Basis of “Three Treasures” Jing, Qi, Shen Essence of a male and female combine to
create a life potential, Congenital Essence is
responsible to the embryonic and fetal
development
• After birth, congenital essence is
supplemented by the acquired essence
referred to as reproductive essence and
responsible for the 7/8 yr life cycles
How long are women cycles of Jing?
At 7 kidney energy becomes abundant, permanent teeth come
in, hair grows
• 2x7 (14) “heavenly tenth” or “dew of heaven” arrives,
conception vessel flows (Ren)
penetrating vessel flourishes (Chong)
Menses comes regularly and she can bear a child
o 3x7 (21) the wisdom teeth come, kidney essence peaks
o 4x7(28) tendons and bones are strong, hair growth is longest
o 5x7(35)yang ming channel weakens, complexion darkens and
hair falls out
o 6x7(42) 3 yang channels are weak above and the face is dark
and hair turns white
o 7x7(49)conception vessel weakens and the penetrating vessel
is exhausted, the dew of heaven dries and the “earth passage”
closes and menses ceases and infertility sets in
How long are men cycles of Jing?
8 year cycles for Men
1x8 kidney energy is abundant his hair and teeth
grow
• 2x8(16)kidney qi is exuberant,reproductive functions
matures, yin and yang are harmonized and he can
produce a child
• 3x8(24)kidney energy peaks, hair and teeth grow
• 4x8(32)tendons and bones at the strongest and
muscles are full
• 5x8(40)kidney is weakened, hair begins to fall
out,teeth become loose
• 6x8(48) yang qi exhausted, face darkens, hair turns
grey
• 7x8(56)reproductive function ceases, essence
diminishes, kidney grows weak, body loses its tone
• 8x8(64)teeth and hair fall out
Pathologies related to
Essence
Jing Insufficiency: leads to problems
involved with functions related to
growth, development and reproductive
capacity
Examples of Jing insufficiency
Some examples of Jing Insufficiency include:
Failure to thrive or stunted growth in children,
slow development of sexual maturity, delayed
mental development, some cases of
impotence or habitual miscarriage, premature
greying of the hair and other signs of aging
where is the jing stored?
Kidney
Shen
Like Jing, each parent contributes to the
creation of the childs shen, and it nourished
by congenital Qi
-The Spirit includes all mental phenomena
(thinking, reason, emotional and bodily)
-“In a healthy person, Shen is the capacity of
the mind to form ideas and is the desire of the
personality to live life.”
where does the shen reside?
the heart
what is the shen responsible for?
consciousness, cognition, thinking and emotional life
Shen- yin or yang?
Yang
What is shen rooted by?
Blood yin
Spirit mind
• the unity of spirit and body is a distinctive feature of our medicine. • The spirit is not something that “animates” the body. Instead, spirit and body are manifestations of Qi. • different states of condensation and aggregation of Qi, the spirit being the most rarefied form
Healthy Shen
Bright eyes • Lusterfull complexion • Normal bearing • Clear and coherent speech
Unhealthy
o Dull eyes o Dark dull complexion o Abnormal bearing o Weak voice o Slow, halting speech o Incoherent response to questions
Shen in disease
Differential diagnosis of Heart
• Heart Governs Blood, Shen has its abode in
Blood
• Some major signs and symptoms: insomnia,
palpitations, vivid dreams, vexation sensation
and anxiety
mechanism
• Blood (Yin) unable to root Shen (Yang )
Chinese Diseases Diagnosis
related to Shen
Loss of spirit • Restless spirit • Spirit failing to keep its abode • Clouded spirit, • Heaviness of spirit • Debilitated spirit • Abstraction of spiri • Phlegm misting the spirit mind
Five Shen
aspect of the spirit mind
- Heart (Shen)
- Liver (Hun) Etheral Soul
- Lung (Po) Corporeal Soul
- Spleen (Yi) Thinking Soul
- Kidney (Zhi) Willpower
Heart (Shen)
Shen translated as Mind
• Consciousness
• Cousciousness: a process whereby the
mind is said to know of its own
existence and the existence of objects
around it
• Responsible for perceptions and senses
• Responsible for Insight and self knowledge
• Emotional life; coordinates and integrates
mental-emotional life,associated with other
organs, into an individual whole. ‘All emotions
affect the Heart’
Ethereal Soul (Hun)
• “The Ethereal Soul (Hun) is another level of
consciousness, different from the mind but
closely related to it, it is a part of the psyche
that, unlike the Mind (Shen), is not rational
but responsible for intuition, inspiration, ideas,
life dreams, planning and artistic inspiration”
• Hun provides the Mind (Shen) with
movement: The Liver houses the the Hun the
shen depends on its ”coming and going”
(regulating and harmonizing action, stopping
extremes; balance of Liver Blood and Qi)
• Sleep and Dreaming: When the Hun flows to
the eyes in the day we see, when it flows to
the eyes at night we dream
• :“The length and quality of the sleep are
related to the state of the Hun, If the Hun is
well rooted in the Liver (stores Blood) the
sleep can be sound. If Heat agitates the Hun,
it is “deprived of its residence” and wanders
at night causing restless sleep with tiring
dreams”
Corporeal Soul (Po)
Corporeal Soul is that part of the soul which is
attached to the body and goes down to the
earth with it at death
• “In the beginning of life, the body is formed:
the spirit of the body is the Corporeal Soul
• It is the somatic expression of the body’s
spirit, resides in the Lung and closely linked
to breathing. Meditating can quiet the Po, still
the mind and let the Hun connect to the
universe
-Relates closely to the Jing Essence, it is the
first to come into being after conception
Corporeal soul is described as the “exiting and
entering of Essence”
-Manifestation of essence on the physical plane
of sensation, basic regulatory functions of the
body
relationship Po and Hun
“Restlessness at night with vivid dream is due
to an unsettled Ethereal Soul: this is Yang
and if at night it has no resting place the
person is restless and dreams a lot.
Restlessness in the daytime and a clouded
Mind are due to an unsettled Corporeal Soul:
this is Yin and if Yin is deficient in daytime,
restlessness and mental confusion result”
The Intellect/ Thinking (Yi)
Responsible for memory that is needed
when studying (explicit memory)
• Study, concentration, following ideas
through to an outcome
Yi, Shen Zhi and Memory
Spleen (explicit memory) Heart & Kidney (adds implicit memory) Spleen (memorizing data) Heart Mind (recall of past event) Kidney Zhi (long term storage memory: riding a bike after years past learning how; neural pathways)
Spleen
(explicit memory)
Heart & Kidney
(adds implicit memory)
Spleen (memorizing data)
(memorizing data)
Heart Mind
(recall of past event)
Kidney Zhi
(long term storage memory:
riding a bike after years past learning
how; neural pathways)
Will Power (Zhi)
-Zhi as memory and as will power
• Zhi indicates Intellect with a capacity of
storing data
• Zhi indicates will power, drive, determination,
enthusiasm and motivation
• Will Power must be coordinated with the
Mind (Shen). The Will power is the
basis for the Mind and the Mind directs
the Will.
• If the Mind is clear in its aims and plans,
and the Will is strong then the person
will have the drive to pursue goals
Brain: an extraordinary organ
• The Mind resides in the Heart
• The Brain is called the “Sea of Marrow” ot is a
transformation of Marrow which comes from
Kidney Essence
• The Spleen Governs Thinking, dependent on
the nourishment provided
