All Cards Flashcards
What Communication Type is recommended to first address the problem of a team member underachieving?
Informal Verbal
2 stakeholders discuss inconformity with the project. What communication type should be used?
Informal Verbal
What is often forgotten in communications management plans?
Functional Managers
Best tool when a manager is working with team members of different cultures:
Well developed interpersonal skills
Agile methods rely on this to deliver value:
Product Owner’s Feedback
What is “Start with current state” a principle of?
Kanban process
What is “Encourage acts of leadership at all levels” a principle of?
Kanban process
What is “Agree to pursue incremental, evolutionary change” a principle of?
Kanban process
What is “ROI”?
Return on Investment
What is more likely to suffer if an organization is averse to early value creation?
Return on Investment (ROI)
Which practice prefers to pull features from the backlog based on its capacity rather than an iteration-based schedule?
Flow-Based Agile
Who made Motivational Theory of two types of employees?
McGregor
Agile Methodology based on frequent cycles to to increase responsiveness towards customer’s changing requirements. Uses “Programing in pairs”
XP
Agile Methodology known for its emphasis on constraint-driven delivery
DSDM
Agile Methodology derived from the JIT philosophy
Kanban
Agile Methodology that integrates several agile best practices into a comprehensive model
Disciplined Agile
Ability to question every change request is:
NOT a key attribute for Agile teams
Type of organization in which PM has limited authority and team members do not report to PM
Functional Organization
Overall scope not defined
Rollout & reapplication processes predicted
What Project Management Methodology to use?
Hybrid
What is the back-bone of any agile-led project?
Cross-Functional Teams
What tool/technique is used for IT software tools?
Project Management Information Systems (PMIS)
Tools/Techniques: Where the individual modes of communications are documented for each stakeholder?
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Project Management Methodology: Which one focuses on early value creation?
Incremental
Individuals needs to be constantly motivated
McGregor’s Theory X
Individuals are intrinsically motivated to do good work
McGregor’s Theory Y
Individuals are motivated by self-realization
Ouchi’s Theory Z
In an Earned Value Management, EV - AC:
Cost Variance
Tools/Techniques: Where to document quality assumptions?
Quality Management Plan
Tools/Techniques: Where can you find the economic feasibility report?
Project Business Case
Tools/Techniques: Where you can find activities?
Schedule Management Plan
Executing a given iteration for a few weeks, gathering insight and then rework based on insight
Timeboxing
Inputs/Outputs: What is the key input of the Plan Risk Management process?
Risk Breakdown Structure
Agile approach that uses Scrum as a framework and Kanban for process improvement?
Scrumban
The purpose of a quality audit is:
Identify inefficient policies
Is cycle time going up positive or negative?
Negative
What is the first step when you notice a tren upwards in cycle time?
Brainstorm to understand whats happening
What to do if a senior manager is worried the project will not meet quality standards?
Involve Quality Team
What to do after completion of Work Packages? (Planning)
Identify quality standards
Tools/Techniques: Demonstrate the relationship between events and their resulting effects
Why-Why Diagram (Cause-and-Effect, Fishborne)
Plans where poorly translated. What is the first thing to do?
Look for how it impacted project quality
The rate at which a company is spending money
Burn Rate
Terms to Know: Estimated value of the work planned
PV - Planned Value
Terms to Know: Estimated Value of work accomplished
EV - Earned Value
Terms to Know: Actual cost for work accomplished
AC - Actual Cost
Terms to Know: Budget for total project effort
BAC - Budget at Completion
Terms to Know: Total Project cost expected
EAC - Estimate at Completion
Terms to Know: Expected cost to finish project
ETC - Estimate to Complete
Terms to Know: Expected Over/Under budget at end of project
VAC - Variance at Completion
Formulas to Memorize: Cost Variance
EV - AC
Formulas to Memorize: Schedule Variance
EV - PV
Formulas to Memorize: Cost Performance Index
EV / AC
Formulas to Memorize: SPI
EV / PV
Formulas to Memorize: Estimate to Complete
EAC - AC
Formulas to Memorize: VAC
BAC - EAC
Formulas to Memorize: To-Complete Performance Index
(BAC - EV) / (BAC - AC)
Formulas: Estimate at Completion if you intend to spend at the same rate
EAC = BAC / CPI
What technique does Analogous estimating uses?
Top-Down technique
In agile/hybrid, How is a team’s burn rate over time
Consistent
Which agile tool shows the latest estimate of how long the project is expected to take?
Burndown graph
In which project management process group is Rough order of Magnitude (ROM) calculated?
Initiating
ITTO: Cost Baseline is an output of:
7.3 Determine Budget
How is an Agile Team’s Velocity in a long term project?
Initial Variation, Emerging Stability
What is the best way of estimating if there is limited information?
Estimate in a range
Monitoring cost expended to detect variances occurs during:
Project performance reviews
What is the relationship between cost management plan and WBS?
CMP identifies WBS level at which earned value will be calculated
ITTO: What estimating technique is another way of saying “past history”
Analogous estimating
The difference between cost baseline and cost budget is
Management Reserves
What is the final step before freezing the project budget?
Funding limit reconciliation
A sprint/iteration is never complete till
Sprint review meeting & documented retrospectives
As a CSM, what strategy to use if your team is inexperienced?
Building centre of competencies
Benefit: Education on Agile mindset for executives
Executive Buy-In
Benefit: Explaining Agile in terms of lean thinking
Executive buy-in
Benefit: Find common ground and areas of improvement based on project needs
Executive buy-in
In Agile, where to discuss issues of knowledge management
Retrospective
As a CSM, what is the best strategy to manage an organization where Agile terms do not fit culture?
Modify terms, keep the intent
Terms to know: Only a few top level WBS identified, the remaining are elaborated through the project
Roll-Wave Planning
Terms to know: Analyzing enough stories so the team understands what they are
Backlog Refinement
What are the X and Y axis of a Release Burndown Chart?
X: Sprints
Y: Work Remaining
Terms to Know: Prioritization method that separates requirements in Must, Should, Could and Won’t
MoSCoW Prioritization
Terms to Know: Metric to determine Agile team’s performance over time
Velocity
ITTO: Output of Scope Statement + WBS Creation + WBS Dictionary
Scope Baseline
Agile: What is the first step after you collect user story baseline?
Product Roadmap
Terms to Know: Prioritized matrix that described product features that team will deliver in each release
Product Roadmap
What is an external situation that can be a priority over all of your internal situations?
Government approval
Terms to Know: Acknowledging risk through contingencies of resources
Risk Acceptance
Terms to Know: Standard way of validating scope and refining requirements in Agile
Prototyping
Terms to Know: Description of activities by identifying multiple components associated
Activity Attributes
Terms to Know: Project Life Cycle where works centers on a Minimum Viable Product to validate with customers
Exploratory
Terms to Know: Outcome of actions, behaviors, products, services or results that provide value to organization and project’s beneficiaries
Benefits Management Plan
Terms to Know: Used to appraise team member skills
Focused Group Discussions (FGD)
Terms to Know: Responsibility Assignment Matrix used to delineate Roles & Responsibilities
RACI chart (Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed)
Terms to Know: Stakeholders describe aspects of a solution in the same way a marketer describes product features on a box
Product Box Exercise
Terms to Know: Contract between Vendor and end user that captures success criteria
Service Level Agreements (SLA)
Terms to Know: Tool for Identification of external factors that may affect outcomes of project
PESTLE Analysis (Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal & Environmental)
Terms to Know: Prioritization approach for features on a product roadmap on the degree to which they are likely to satisfy customers
Kano Model
Terms to Know: Prioritization method in which each person is given 100 points to distribute across items
100 Points Method
Terms to Know: Prioritization approach based on evaluating a small range of options by comparing them against each other
Paired Comparison Analysis
In Agile, Learning from experience and making small improvements is a benefit of:
Retrospective
In Agile, getting feedback for product testing is a benefit of:
Sprint Review Meeting
In Agile, developing actions to remove impediments is a benefit of:
Retrospective
In Agile, agreeing to 1-2 experiments to improve team performance is a benefit of:
Retrospective
In Agile, periodically demonstrating a working product is a benefit of:
Sprint Review Meeting
Terms to Know: Defines whether waterfall, iterative, adaptive, agile or hybrid will be used:
Development approach
Five levels of Phillips ROI Methodology:
Reaction, Learning, Application & Implementation, Results, ROI
Terms to know: Technique that enhances brainstorming with a voting process used to rank the most useful ideas in a scale of 1-5
Nominal Group Technique
Why the response times are displayed above the upper control limit?
The quality is outside of expected standards
ITTO: Scope Management Plan is an output of:
Plan Scope Management
ITTO: Requirements Management Plan is an Output of
5.1 Plan Scope Management
ITTO: Requirements Traceability Matrix is an output of
Collect Requirements
ITTO: Requirements Documentation is an output of
Collect Requirements
ITTO: Project Scope Statement is an output of
5.3 Define Scope
ITTO: Scope Baseline is an Output of
5.4 Create WBS
ITTO: Accepted Deliverables is an output of
5.5 Validate Scope
ITTO: Quality Management Plan is an output of
8.1 Plan Quality Management
ITTO: Quality Metrics is an output of
8.1 Plan Quality Management
ITTO: Quality Reports is an output of
8.2 Manage Quality
ITTO: Quality Control Measurements is an output of
8.3 Control Quality
ITTO: Verified Deliverables is an output of
8.3 Control Quality
ITTO: Communication Management Plan is an output of
Plan Communication Management
ITTO: Project Communications is an output of
10.2 Manage Communications
ITTO: Cost Management Plan is an output of
7.1 Plan Cost Management
ITTO: Cost Estimates is an output of
7.2 Estimate Costs
ITTO: Basis of Estimates is an output of
7.2 Estimate Costs
ITTO: Cost Baseline is an output of
7.3 Determine Budget
ITTO: Cost Forecasts is an output of
7.4 Control Costs
Terms to Know: Measuring an organization’s performance against that of other organization
Benchmarking
Terms to Know: Technique where ideas are grouped by similarities
Affinity Diagrams
Terms to Know: Diagram of ideas to help generate, classify or record information
Mind Maps
Terms to Know: Technique that shows the boundaries of the project scope by highlighting the product and its interfaces with people, processes or sustems
Context Diagrams
What takes precedence over everything in Balancing Requirements?
Customer’s Needs
PMBOK Guide: Scope Management Process
- Plan Scope Management (P)
- Collect Requirements (P)
- Define Scope (P)
- Create WBS (P)
- Validate Scope (M&C)
- Control Scope (M&C)
Terms to Know: Document that says “Here is what we will do on this project”
Project Scope Statement
Relationship between Decomposition/Deconstruction and WBS
Decomposition/Deconstruction is what you are doing, WBS is the tool to do it
What is the difference between Validate Scope and Control Quality
Control Quality is checked by Quality Team, Validate Scope is checked by Customer
In agile, if after a meeting there is no consensus, what is the next step?
Voting
How to provide feedback to agile team’s solution design?
Review the early, incomplete increments
What is a general consequence of requirements constantly changing?
Makes measurement of completeness difficult
The Integration Management Process:
- Develop Project Charter
- Develop Project Management Plan
- Direct and Manage Project Work
- Manage Project Knowledge
- Monitor and Control Project Work
- Perform Integrated Change Control
- Close Project or Phase
ITTO: Where is the Business Case?
Project Charter
What is the difference between High-Level Requirements and Requirements?
High-Level Requirements are in the Project Charter, Requirements are defined in Scope processes
ITTO: Where is the project exit criteria?
Project Charter
What is often the cause of significant deviation from the Project Baselines?
Incomplete Risk Identification/Management
ITTO: Issue Log is an output of
4.3 Direct and Manage Project Work
High Degree of Change, High Frequency of Delivery:
Agile
High Degree of Change, Low Frequency of Delivery:
Iterative
Low Degree of Change, High Frequency of Delivery
Incremental
Low Degree of Change, Low Frequency of Delivery
Predictive
Where can you see who’s responsible for authorizing change in a project?
Change Management Plan
What sampling strategy to use if you want to separate in categories?
Attribute sampling
ITTO: What tool can be used to show how requirements grew during the project?
Feature Chart
Who should be contacted first for resources in a matrix-type organization?
Functional Manager
What is always the first step when any change comes up?
Documenting the change / Creating a Change Request
After stakeholders are identified and you have their requirements, who should you involve in the creation of the scope baseline?
Project Team
