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Cardiac Arrythmias > All Cardiac Arrhythmais > Flashcards

All Cardiac Arrhythmais Flashcards

1
Q

What are the rules for a wandering pacemaker?

A

Regularity: slightly irregular
Rate: 60-100
P wave: morphology changes from one complex to the next

PRI: less than .20 second
QRS: less than .12 second

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2
Q

What are the rules for ectopic PAC’s?

A

Regularity: depends on the underlying rhythm; regularity will be interrupted by the PAC

Rate: depends on underlying rhythm
P wave: p wave of early beat differs from the sinus p waves; can be flattened or notched. May be lost in preceding t wave

PRI: 0.12-0.20 seconds
QRS: less than 0.12 second

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3
Q

What are the rules for atrial tachycardia?

A 
Regularity: regular
Rate: 150-250 bpm
P wave: atrial p wave, can be lost in T wave
PRI: 0.12-0.20
QRS: less than 0.12
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4
Q

What are the rules for atrial flutter?

A

Regularity: atrial rhythm is regular, ventricular rhythm is usually regular but can be irregular if there is a variable block

Rate: atrial rate 250-350, ventricular varies
P wave: sawtooth pattern
PRI: Unable to determine
QRS: less than 0.12 second

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5
Q

What are the rules for atrial fibrillation?

A

Regularity: grossly irregular
Rate: atrial rate greater than 350, ventricular varies

P wave: no discernible p waves; atrial activity is referred to as fibrillatory waves

PRI: unable to measure
QRS: less than 0.12 second

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6
Q

What do you do for stable vtach with a pulse (wide QRS)

A

Drug therapy, amiodarone or lidocaine

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7
Q

What do you do for unstable vtach with a pulse?

A

Synchronized cardiovert - 100 joules

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8
Q

What do you do for witnessed v-fib?

A

Chest compressions then defibrillate at 360 joules when ready

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9
Q

What do you do for unwitnessed vfib?

A

Chest compressions for 2 min before defibrillating

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10
Q

What do you do for stable sinus bradycardia?

A

Drug therapy - atropine 0.5 mg every 3-5 min

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11
Q

What do you do for unstable sinus bradycardia?

A

Pace on monitor at 70 bpm and increase milliamps until shows QRS, then check for pulse

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12
Q

What is a normal sinus rhythm with no pulse?

A

PEA

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13
Q

What do you do for stable SVT?

A

Attempt vagual maneuver (have patient blow on their thumb like they are trying to blow up a ballon) drug therapy = adenosine

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14
Q

What do you do for unstable SVT?

A

Cardiovert

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of SVT?

A

Over 160 bpm, tight QRS complex

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16
Q

What is the first drug you give for clinical death?

A

Epi 1:10,000 @ 1mg every 3-5 min

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17
Q

What are the rules for atrial tachycardia?

A 
Regularity: regular
Rate: 150-250 bpm
P wave: atrial p wave, can be lost in T wave
PRI: 0.12-0.20
QRS: less than 0.12
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18
Q

What are the rules for atrial flutter?

A

Regularity: atrial rhythm is regular, ventricular rhythm is usually regular but can be irregular if there is a variable block

Rate: atrial rate 250-350, ventricular varies
P wave: sawtooth pattern
PRI: Unable to determine
QRS: less than 0.12 second

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19
Q

What are the rules for atrial fibrillation?

A

Regularity: grossly irregular
Rate: atrial rate greater than 350, ventricular varies

P wave: no discernible p waves; atrial activity is referred to as fibrillatory waves

PRI: unable to measure
QRS: less than 0.12 second

20
Q

What do you do for stable vtach with a pulse (wide QRS)

A

Drug therapy, amiodarone or lidocaine

21
Q

What do you do for unstable vtach with a pulse?

A

Synchronized cardiovert - 100 joules

22
Q

What do you do for witnessed v-fib?

A

Chest compressions then defibrillate at 360 joules when ready

23
Q

What do you do for unwitnessed vfib?

A

Chest compressions for 2 min before defibrillating

24
Q

What do you do for stable sinus bradycardia?

A

Drug therapy - atropine 0.5 mg every 3-5 min

25
Q

What do you do for unstable sinus bradycardia?

A

Pace on monitor at 70 bpm and increase milliamps until shows QRS, then check for pulse

26
Q

What is a normal sinus rhythm with no pulse?

A

PEA

27
Q

What do you do for stable SVT?

A

Attempt vagual maneuver (have patient blow on their thumb like they are trying to blow up a ballon) drug therapy = adenosine

28
Q

What do you do for unstable SVT?

A

Cardiovert

29
Q

What are the characteristics of SVT?

A

Over 160 bpm, tight QRS complex

30
Q

What is the first drug you give for clinical death?

A

Epi 1:10,000 @ 1mg every 3-5 min

31
Q

What do leads 2,3, and AVF look at?

A

Left ventricle (inferior wall MI)

32
Q

What do leads v-1 and v-2 look at?

A

Septum

33
Q

What do leads v-3 and v-4 look at?

A

Anterior

34
Q

What do leads v-5 and v-6 look at?

A

Lateral

35
Q

What does ST elevation indicate?

A

Heart injury

36
Q

What does ST depression indicate?

A

Heart ischemia

37
Q

What is your treatment for a right sided MI?

A

Fluid

38
Q

What is your treatment for a left sided MI?

A

Nitro

39
Q

What does the right coronary artery feed?

A

SA node (60-100)

40
Q

Why do heart blocks occur?

A

Result of conduction disturbances in the av node

41
Q

What is a first degree heart block?

A

Not a true block, delay at the AV node but each impulse is eventually conducted through to the ventricles. Characterized by a PRI longer than .20 and constant. This will be the only abnormality in the arrhythmia.

42
Q

What is a key feature of second degree heart blocks?

A

Not every P wave is followed by a QRS complex

43
Q

What is the difference between wenckebach and type II second degree block?

A

The pattern in which the P waves are blocked, concentrate on the PR intervals

44
Q

What rate is a type II second degree heart block usually?

A

Bradycardia

45
Q

What is a key characteristic of type II second degree heart blocks?

A

Will always have more P waves than QRS complexes. It will be regular or irregular depending on the conduction ratio.

46
Q

What is a key characteristic of wenckebach second degree heart block?

A

Increasing long PRI’s followed by a blocked p wave

Cardiac Arrythmias (5 decks)

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