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All Body Structures Flashcards

1
Q

Innervation: Splenius Capitis

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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2
Q

Innervation: Splenius Cerviscis

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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3
Q

Action: Splenius Capitis

A

Acting alone-laterally bend and roate neck to side of active muscle; Acting together-extend head & neck

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4
Q

Action: Splenius Cerviscis

A

Acting alone-laterally bend and rotate neck to side of active muscle; Acting together-extend head & neck

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5
Q

Innervation: Erector Spinae

A

Dorsal rami of respective spinal nerves in each region

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6
Q

Action: Erector Spinae

A

Acting together: Extends the vertebral column Acting alone:Lateral flexion to the same side

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7
Q

Innervation: Trapezius

A

Accessory nerve (CNXI)

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8
Q

Origin: Trapezius

A

External occipital protuberance and spinous processes of C7-T12

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9
Q

Insertion: Trapezius

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

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10
Q

Action: Trapezius

A

Upper: Elevates and upward rotation of scapula Middle:Retraction of scapula
Lower: Depress and upwardly rotatie scapula

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11
Q

Origin: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Thoracolumbar fascia and spinous processes of T6- T12 and iliac crest

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12
Q

Insertion: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

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13
Q

Innervation: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6- C8)

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14
Q

Action: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

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15
Q

Origin: Rhomboid major

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5

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16
Q

Insertion: Rhomboid major

A

Medial border of scapula

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17
Q

Innervation: Rhomboid major

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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18
Q

Innervation: Rhomboid minor

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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19
Q

Innervation:Levator Scapulae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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20
Q

Action: Rhomboid major

A

Adducts, retracts, and downwardly rotates scapula

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21
Q

Action: Rhomboid minor

A

Adducts, retracts, and downwardly rotates scapula

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22
Q

Origin: Rhomboid minor

A

Spinous processes of C7-T1

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23
Q

Insertion: Rhomboid minor

A

Medial border of scapula

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24
Q

Action: Levator scapulae

A

Elevates and downwardly rotates scapua

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25
Q

Origin: pectoralis major

A

Clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilage

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26
Q

Insertion: pectoralis major

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus

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27
Q

Innervation: pectoralis major

A

Medial and lateral pectoral n.

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28
Q

Action: pectoralis major

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus

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29
Q

Origin: pectoralis minor

A

Ribs 3-5

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30
Q

Insertion: pectoralis minor

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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31
Q

Innervation: pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral n.

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32
Q

Action: pectoralis minor

A

Protracts and depresses scapula

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33
Q

Origin: serratus anterior

A

External/lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8

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34
Q

Insertion: serratus anterior

A

Medial margin of scapula

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35
Q

Innervation: serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic n.

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36
Q

Action: serratus anterior (3)

A

Protracts and upwardly rotates scapula ; stabilizes scapula on thoacic wall

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37
Q

Origin: coracobrachialis

A

Corocoid process

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38
Q

Insertion: coracobrachialis

A

Medial mid-shaft of humerus

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39
Q

Innervation: coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous n.

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40
Q

Action: coracobrachialis

A

Flexion and adduction of the arm.

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41
Q

Origin: deltoid

A

Spine and acromion of scapula, lateral 1/3

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42
Q

Insertion: deltoid

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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43
Q

Innervation: deltoid

A

Axillary n.

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44
Q

Action: deltoid

A

Anterior fibers: Flex humerus Middle fibers: Abduct humerus Posterior fibers: Extend humerus

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45
Q

Origin: teres major

A

Inferior angle of

scapula

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46
Q

Insertion: teres major

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus

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47
Q

Innervation: teres major

A

Lower subscapular n.

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48
Q

Action: teres major

A

Medially rotates humerus , adducts humerus

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49
Q

Origin: teres minor

A

Lateral border of scapula

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50
Q

Insertion: teres minor

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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51
Q

Innervation: teres minor

A

Axillary n.

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52
Q

Action: teres minor

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates humerus

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53
Q

Origin: supraspinatus

A

Supraspinous fossa

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54
Q

Insertion: supraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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55
Q

Insertion: infraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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56
Q

Innervation: supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular n.

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57
Q

Action: supraspinatus

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and abducts humerus

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58
Q

Origin: infraspinatus

A

Infraspinous fossa

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59
Q

Innervation: infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular n.

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60
Q

Action: infraspinatus

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates humerus

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61
Q

Origin: subscapularis

A

Subscapular fossa

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62
Q

Insertion: subscapularis

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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63
Q

Innervation: subscapularis

A

Upper & lower subscapular n.

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64
Q

Action: subscapularis

A

Stabilizes shoulder joint & medially rotates humerus

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65
Q

Innervation: Brachialis

A

Musculocutaneous n.

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66
Q

Action: Brachialis

A

Flexion of the forearm

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67
Q

Origin: Biceps Brachii

A

LONG HEAD - Supraglenoid tubercle SHORT HEAD - Coracoid process

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68
Q

Insertion: Biceps Brachii

A

Radial tuberosity

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69
Q

Innervation: Biceps Brachii

A

Musculocutaneous n.

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70
Q

Action: Biceps Brachii

A

Flexior of forearm; supination of forearm

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71
Q

Origin: Triceps Brachii

A

LONG HEAD - Infraglenoid tubercle LATERAL HEAD - Posterior superior humerus MEDIAL HEAD: Posterior inferior humerus

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72
Q

Insertion: Triceps Brachii

A

Olecranon process of ulna

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73
Q

Innervation: Triceps Brachii

A

Radial n.

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74
Q

Action: Triceps Brachii

A

Extends forearm

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75
Q

Innervation: Anconeous

A

Radial nerve

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76
Q

Action: Anconeous

A

Extension of forearm

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77
Q

Innervation: Brachioradialis

A

Radial nerve

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78
Q

Action: Brachioradialis

A

Flexes forearm

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79
Q

Innervation: Supinator

A

Deep branch of radial nerve

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80
Q

Action: Supinator

A

Supinates forearm

81
Q

Innervation:Pronator teres

82
Q

Action: Pronator teres

A

Pronates and flexes forearm

83
Q

Innervation: Pronator Quadratus

A

Anterior interosseous nerve

84
Q

Action: Pronator Quadratus

A

Pronates forearm

85
Q

Origin: Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

A

Med. epicondyle of humerus

86
Q

Insertion: Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

A

Base of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

87
Q

Innervation: Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

88
Q

Action: Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

A

Flexes PIP, assists in MP flexion

89
Q

Origin: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

A

Proximal ulna and interosseous membrane

90
Q

Insertion: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

A

Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

91
Q

Innervation: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

A

MEDIAL PART - Ulnar n. LATERAL PART - Ant. Interosseous n.

92
Q

Action: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

A

Flexes DIP of digits

93
Q

Origin: Extensor digitorum (ED/ EDC)

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

94
Q

Insertion: Extensor digitorum (ED/ EDC)

A

Extensor expansion of digits

95
Q

Innervation: Extensor digitorum (ED/ EDC)

A

Post. Interosseous n.

96
Q

Action: Extensor digitorum (ED/ EDC)

A

Extends MP joints of digits, assists in extension of IP joints

97
Q

Innervation: Extensor indicis (EI)

A

Post. Interosseous n.

98
Q

Action: Extensor indicis (EI)

A

Extends 2nd digit @ MCP

99
Q

Innervation: Extensor digiti minimi (EDM)

A

Post. Interosseous n.

100
Q

Action: Extensor digiti minimi (EDM)

A

Extends MP joint of 5th digit, assists in extension of IP joints

101
Q

Innervation: Extensor pollicis longus (EPL)

A

Post. Interosseous n.

102
Q

Action: Extensor pollicis longus (EPL)

A

Extends IP joint of thumb

103
Q

Innervation: Extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)

A

Post. Interosseous n.

104
Q

Action: Extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)

A

Extends MP and CMC joints of thumb

105
Q

Innervation: Abductor pollicis longus (APL)

A

Post. Interosseous n.

106
Q

Action: Abductor pollicis longus (APL)

A

Abducts thumb at CMC joint

107
Q

Innervation: Flexor pollicis longus

A

Ant. interosseous. n.

108
Q

Action: Flexor pollicis longus

A

Flexes IP of thumb

109
Q

Innervation and Action: Lumbricals 1-2

A

Median nerve

Flexes MCP joints; extends IP joints

110
Q

Innervation and Action: Lumbricals 3-4

A

Ulnar nerve

Flexes MCP joints; extends IP joints

111
Q

Innervation and Action: Dorsal interossei 1-4

A

Ulnar nerve

Abduct digits from axial line;assists in flexing MCP and extending IP joints of digits

112
Q

Innervation and Action: Palmar interossei 1-3

A

Ulnar nerve

Adducts digits toward axial line; assists in flexing MCP joints and extending IP joints

113
Q

Innervation and Action: Adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar nerve

Adducts thumb towards middle digit @ CMC joint

114
Q

Innervation and Action: Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Abducts thumb @ CMC, assists in opposition

115
Q

Innervation and Action: Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Flexes thumb @ IP joint

116
Q

Innervation and Action: Opponens pollicis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Opposes thumb; rotates thumb medially

117
Q

Innervation and Action: Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

Abducts 5th digit

118
Q

Innervation and Action: Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

Flexes MCP of 5th digit

119
Q

Innervation and Action: Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

Opposes 5th digit to thumb

120
Q

Origin and Insertion: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Base of 2nd metacarpal

121
Q

Origin and Insertion: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Base of 3rd metacarpal

122
Q

Origin and Insertion: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Base of 5th metacarpal

123
Q

Origin and Insertion: Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Base of 2nd metacarpal

124
Q

Origin and Insertion: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Pisiform; hook of hamate; 5th metacarpal

125
Q

Innervation and Action: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Radial nerve

Extends and abducts (radially deviates) hand at wrist

126
Q

Innervation and Action: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A

Deep branch of radial nerve

Extends wrist

127
Q

Innervation and Action: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

Extends and adducts (ulnar deviation) wrist

128
Q

Innervation and Action: Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

Median nerve

Flexes hand and abducts wrist

129
Q

Innervation and Action: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Ulnar Nerve

Flexes and adducts wrist

130
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Gluteus Maximus
Prox: Posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx, scacrotuberous ligament

Distal: Gluteal tuberosity, ITB [ITB attaches to the lateral tibial condyle]

Innervation: Inferior gluteal n.

Action: Hip extension and external rotation

131
Q

Gluteus Medius

A 
Posterior ilium
[between anterior and posterior gluteal lines]

Greater trochanter

Superior gluteal n.

Hip abduction and internal rotation Keeps pelvis level during single limb stance (SLS)
132
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

Posterior ilium
[between anterior and inferior gluteal lines]

Greater trochanter

Superior gluteal n.

Hip abduction, and internal rotation. Keeps pelvis level during SLS

133
Q

Tensor of fascia lata

A 
ASIS, anterior iliac crest

ITB
[ITB attaches to the lateral tibial condyle]

Superior gluteal n.

Hip abduction and internal rotation
134
Q

Piriformis

A 
Anterior sacrum, scacrotuberous ligament

Greater trochanter

Nerve to piriformis (S1- S2)

Hip external rotation
135
Q

Superior gemellus

A 
Ischial spine


Greater trochanter


Nerve to obturator internus


Hip external rotation
136
Q

Obturator internus

A

Internal surface of obturator membrane and bony margin of obturator foramen

Greater trochanter

Nerve to obturator internus

Hip external rotation

137
Q

Inferior gemellus

A 
Ischial tuberosity

Greater trochanter

Nerve to quadratus femoris

Hip external rotation
138
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Ischial tuberosity

Quadrate tubercle [on intertrochanteric crest of femur]

Nerve to quadratus femoris

Hip external rotation

139
Q

Psoas major

A

Body and transverse processes of T12-L5 ; lumbar intervertebral discs
Lesser trochanter
Ventral rami L1- L3
Hip flexion

140
Q

Iliacus

A

Iliac fossa

Lesser trochanter


Femoral n.



Hip flexion
141
Q

Rectus femoris

A

AIIS
Tibial tuberosity [via patella tendon >patella >patella ligament/ tendon]
Femoral n.
Hip flexion; knee extension

142
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the linea aspera

Tibial tuberosity [via patella tendon ! patella ! patella ligament/ tendon]


Femoral n.

Knee extension
143
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of the linea aspera

Tibial tuberosity [via patella tendon ! patella ! patella ligament/ tendon]


Femoral n.

Knee extension
144
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Anterior femoral shaft

Tibial tuberosity [via patella tendon ! patella ! patella ligament/ tendon]

Femoral n.
Knee extension

145
Q

Articularis genu

A 
Anterior femoral shaft (distal)

Superior portion of the synovial membrane of the knee joint


Femoral n.



Pulls synovial membrane superiorly during knee extension
146
Q

Sartorius

A

ASIS
Pes anserinus (medial surface of proximal tibia)
Femoral n.


Hip flexion, abduction and external/ lateral rotation; knee flexion


147
Q

Pectineus

A

Superior pubic ramus
Pectineal line of femur
Femoral n. Obturator n. [anterior div] may contribute
Hip flexion and adduction

148
Q

Adductor longus

A 
Pubic bone
(body)
Middle 1/3 of linea aspera
Obturator n.
[anterior division]
Hip adduction and assists with hip flexion
149
Q

Adductor brevis

A 
Pubic bone (body and inferior pubic ramus)


Proximal linea aspera


Obturator n.
[anterior and posterior divisions]


Hip adduction and assists with hip flexion
150
Q

Gracilis

A

Pubic bone (body and inferior pubic ramus)
Pes anserinus (medial surface of proximal tibia)
Obturator n.
[anterior division]
Hip adduction; knee flexion

151
Q

Adductor magnus (adductor part)

A

Ischiopubic ramus
Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
Obturator n.
[posterior division]
Hip adduction and assists with hip flexion

152
Q

Adductor magnus (hamstring part)

A 
Ischial tuberosity

Adductor tubercle

Tibial nerve

Hip adduction and hip extension
153
Q

Obturator externus

A

External surface of obturator membrane and bony margins of obturator foramen

Greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)

Obturator n.
[branch of main- stem of obturator nerve before branching and/or anterior and posterior division]

Hip external rotation/ lateral rotation (ER/LR)

154
Q

Semimembranous

A

Ischial tuberosity
Medial tibial condyle (posterior aspect)
Tibial n.
Hip extension; knee flexion

155
Q

Semitendinosus

A 
Ischial tuberosity

Pes anserinus (medial surface of proximal tibia)
Tibial n.


Hip extension; knee flexion
156
Q 
Biceps femoris
(long head)
A 
Ischial tuberosity

Fibular head

Tibial n.


Hip extension; knee flexion
157
Q 
Biceps femoris
(short head)
A

Linea aspera and lateral and supracondylar line of femus
Fibular head
Common fibular (peroneal) n.
Knee flexion

158
Q

Gastrocnemius

A 
Medial and lateral femoral condyles

Calcaneus

Tibial n.

Knee flexion; ankle plantarflexion
159
Q

Soleus

A

Posterior surface of fibula head and proximal fibula; soleal line of tibia
Calcaneus
Tibial n
Ankle plantarflexion

160
Q

Plantaris

A 
Lateral supracondylar line of femur

Calcaneus

Tibial n

Ankle plantarflexion (weak)
161
Q

Flexor Hallicus Longus

A

Distal 2/3 of
posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)

Tibial n.

Ankle plantarflexion, flexion of 1st digit

162
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

Proximal 2/3 of
posterior surface of the fibula, interosseous membrane, tibia

Tarsals
[navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms 1-3] and bases of metatarsal heads [2nd, 3rd and 4th]

Tibial n.
Ankle plantarflexion and inversion of the foot

163
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A 
Mid-region of
posterior surface of tibia


Base of distal phalanx of digits 2, 3, 4, 5


Tibial n.


Ankle plantarflexion, flexion of digits 2-5
164
Q

Popliteus

A

Lateral femoral condyle, lateral meniscus

Proximal tibia (posterior)

Tibial n.

“Unlocks” the extended knee by laterally rotating the femur on the fixed tibia OR medially rotating the tibia on the fixed femur; knee flexion [weak]

165
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus

A

Fibula head and superior 2/3 of fibula shaft
Plantar surface of medial foot
[base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform]
Superficial fibular/ peroneal n.
Ankle plantarflexion and eversion of the foot

166
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis

A 
Inferior 2/3 of fibula shaft


Base of the 5th metatarsal


Superficial fibular/ peroneal n.


Ankle plantarflexion and eversion of the foot
167
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

Superior 1/2 of the of the tibia (anterolateral surface) and adjacent interosseous membrane (anterior surface)

Plantar surface of medial foot
[base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform]

Deep fibular (peroneal) n.

Dorsiflexion and inversion

168
Q

Extensor Hallicus Longus

A

Middle region of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane (anterior surface)

Base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux) (dorsal surface)

Deep fibular (peroneal) n.

Dorsiflexion, extension of great toe

169
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Lateral tibial condyle, superior 3/4 of fibula shaft and interosseous membrane (anterior surface)

Base of middle and distal phalanx of digits 2, 3, 4, 5
(dorsal surface)

Deep fibular (peroneal) n.

Dorsiflexion, extension of toes 2- 5

170
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius

A 
Inferior 1/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane (anterior surface)


Base of the 5th metatarsal (dorsal surface)


Deep fibular (peroneal) n.


Dorsiflexion, eversion
171
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Medial plantar n.

Abduction of great toe

172
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

Medial plantar n.

Flexion of digits 2-5

173
Q

Abductor digiti minimi (foot)

A

Lateral plantar n.

Abduction of 5th digit

174
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

Lateral plantar n.

Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexion of digits 2-5

175
Q

Lumbricals (foot)

A

Medial -1: Medial plantar n.

Lateral - 3: Lateral plantar n.

176
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

Medial plantar n.

Flexion of great toe

177
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

Lateral plantar n.

Adduction of great toe

178
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot)

A

Lateral plantar n.

Flexion of 5th digit

179
Q

Plantar interossei (3)

A

Lateral plantar n.

Adduction of digits 3-5

180
Q

Dorsal interossei (4)

A

Lateral plantar n.

Abduction of digits 2-4

181
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis (foot)

A 
Deep fibular (peroneal) n.
Extension of toes 2- 4
182
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A 
Deep fibular (peroneal) n.
Extension of great toe
183
Q

Most commonly occurring fracture in adults. The mechanism of injury is usually a fall on an outstretched hand. The risk of injury is increased in patients with osteoporosis. Because of the rich blood supply to the distal end of the radius, bony union is usually good.

A

Colle’s fracture

184
Q

Less common injury of distal radius Usually occurs as a
result of a fall on the dorsum of the hand
with wrist flexion. Palmar displacement of distal fragment

A

Smith’s fracture

185
Q

Repeated forceful flexion and extension of the wrist may
strain the attachment of the common extensor tendon,
producing inflammation of the periosteum of the lateral
epicondyle

A

lateral epicondylitis

186
Q

benign, slowly progressive
condition causing contracture of
the palmar fascia. It has has no
clear etiology or pathogenesis.

A

Dupuytren contracture

187
Q 
Inflammation of extensor pollicis
brevis and abductor pollicis longus
tendons as they glide over radial styoid
process. Causes pain and swelling over
radial styloid.
A

De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

188
Q

Laxity of the volar plate which causes slippage of
the collateral ligaments. Results: PIP hyper extension/DIP
Flexion

A

Swan Neck Deformity

189
Q 
Rupture
of the central tendon, through
which the PIP joint protrudes
Results: PIP Flexion, DIP
extension
A

Boutonniere Deformity

190
Q 
Extensor tendon
laxity due to overstretching or rupture,
which results in decreased efficiency
of the extensor hood
Results: Inability to extend the DIP
A

Mallet Deformity

191
Q

paralysis of the muscles of the shoulder and arm supplied by the C5 and C6

spinal nerves occurs: deltoid, biceps, and brachialis. The usual clinical appearance

is an upper limb with an adducted shoul- der, medially rotated arm, and extended

elbow. The lateral aspect of the forearm also experiences some loss of sensation.

Chronic microtrauma to the superior trunk of the brachial plexus from carrying a heavy backpack can produce motor and sensory deficits in the distribution of the musculocutaneous and radial nerves.

A

Erb-Duchenne palsy

192
Q

Inferior brachial plexus injuries may occur when the upper limb is suddenly pulled superiorly—for example, when a person grasps something to break a fall (Fig. B6.12D), or a baby’s upper limb is pulled excessively during delivery (Fig. B6.12E). These events injure the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus (C8 and T1), and may avulse the roots of the spinal nerves from the spinal cord. The short muscles of the hand are affected, and a claw hand results (Fig. B6.12F).

A

Klumpke paralysis

193
Q

This nerve is susceptible to
injury with a fracture of the humerus. The result of this injury is
paralysis of the muscles of the posterior compartment
(extensors of the wrist and digits), and the inability of
the patient to extend the wrist

A

Radial nerve injury in upper arm: Associated

terms: “wrist drop”

194
Q

Lesions usually produce numbness and
tingling in the cutaneous distribution of the ulnar nerve.
Prolonged neuropathy may result in “clawing” of the
hand

What is this and where are the regions where it can occur?

A

Ulnar nerve injury at level of elbow: Associated
terms: “epicondyle fracture” “cubital tunnel
syndrome”

Can occur when medial epicondyle is fractured. Another common site is in the cubital tunnel, between the heads of the FCU muscle.

195
Q

What occurs when the median nerve

is severed in the forearm? Include name

A

Median nerve injury at level of elbow: Associated
terms: “ hand of benediction”

the first three digits have
impaired flexion of the PIP and DIP of digits, due to the
loss of innervation to the FDS and the lateral half of the
FDP.

The 2nd and 3rd digits also lose MP flexion due to
loss of innervation to the first two lumbricals.

The 4th
and 5th digits have weakness in PIP flexion, due to the
loss of the FDS, but flexion of the DIP of the 4th and 5th
digits is spared because the ulnar nerve innerves the FDP
to ulnar side of the hand. The resulting posture of the
hand is referred to as “hand of benediction

196
Q

Distal lesions of the ulnar nerve in the
forearm, or by compression in Guyon’s canal are called?

What occurs?

A

Ulnar nerve injury at the wrist: Associated terms “
Guyon tunnel syndrome” “claw hand” “intrinsic
minus hand”

can lead
to extensive sensory and motor loss to the hand.

loss of sensation on the ulnar side of the hand, and loss
of innervation to the intrinsic muscles of the hand.

With a low ulnar nerve lesion, the intrinsics are impaired, resulting in unopposed action of the extrinsics. Unopposed action of the long extensors results in hyperextension of the MP
joints and unopposed action of the long flexors results in
loss of extension of the PIP and DIP joints of the digits

197
Q

first clinical findings is impaired
sensation in the lateral three and a half digits.

Sensation is spared in the central palm it is supplied by
the ____________________, which
does not pass through the carpal tunnel.

Prolonged injury results in atrophy and of the muscles of the thenar eminence (what is this called?)

What is this overall?

A

palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve

Simian hand

Carpal tunnel syndrome

198
Q

A common ligamentous injury of the hand
which results from sudden, forced radial deviation of the
MCP of the thumb. These injuries may be treated
conservatively by application of a functional splint,
however, in the case of severe injury, surgery may be
required to restore anatomic alignment

A

Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) sprain

Back and Limbs (1 decks)

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