All Ap Lang Sem 1 words

Question 1

Apostrophe

Answer 1

Words that are spoken to a person who is absent or imaginary, or to an object or abstract idea

Question 2

Allusion

Answer 2

A reference to a work of literatur, film, etc.

Question 3

Synecdoche

Answer 3

A figure of speech in which a part is used to designate the whole or the whole is used to designate a part

Question 4

Litotes

Answer 4

A figure of speech in which a positive is stated by negating its opposite

Question 5

Allegory

Answer 5

A work of literature in which characters, events, and items are directly symbolic of specific social figures, themes, ideas, etc.

Question 6

Hyperbole

Answer 6

A figure of speech in which deliberate exaggeration is used

Question 7

Imagery

Answer 7

Writing that uses strong sensory detail

Question 8

Conceit

Answer 8

A fanciful poetic image or metaphor that likens one thing to something else that is seemingly very different

Question 9

Anaphora

Answer 9

The repetition of specific phrases/ parallel syntax used for dramatic or emphatic effect

Question 10

Onomatopoeia

Answer 10

A figure of speech in which words imitate sounds

Question 11

Alliteration

Answer 11

The repetition of the same or similar sounds at the beginning of words

Question 12

Antithesis

Answer 12

A figure of speech in which words and phrases with opposite meanings are balanced against each other (paradox)

Question 13

Connotation

Answer 13

Associations and implications beyond the literal definition of a word (ex. “thrifty” vs. “cheap”)

Question 14

Metonymy

Answer 14

A type of metaphor in which something closely associated with a subject is substituted for it (ex. “the Crown”)

Question 15

Personification

Answer 15

Giving a non-living thing human/active qualities

Question 16

Archetype

Answer 16

A recurring, universal character quality/motif in literature

Question 17

Anachronistic

Answer 17

A person or object out of date

Question 18

Understatement

Answer 18

Fielding’s description of a grossly fat and repulsively ugly Mrs. Slipslop: “She was not remarkably handsome.”

Question 19

Mock Encomium

Answer 19

Praise which is only apparent and which suggests blame instead

Question 20

Grotesque

Answer 20

Creating a tension between laughter and horror or revulsion; the essence of all “sick humor: or “black humor”

Question 21

Comic Juxtaposition

Answer 21

Linking together with no commentary items which normally do not go together; Pope’s line in Rape of the Lock: “Puffs, patches, bibles, and billet-doux”

Question 22

Mock Epic/Mock Heroic

Answer 22

Using elevated diction and devices from the epic or the heroic to deal with low or trivial subjects

Question 23

Parody

Answer 23

Mimicking the style and/or techniques of something or someone else

Question 24

Strawman Fallacy

Answer 24

Substituting a person’s actual position or argument with a distorted, exaggerated, or misrepresented version of the position of the argument.

Question 25

Begging the Question

Answer 25

Any form of argument where the conclusion is assumed in one of the premises

Question 26

Ad Hominem

Answer 26

Attacking the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself, when the attack on the person is completely irrelevant to the argument the person is making.

Question 27

No True Scotsman

Answer 27

When a universal (“all”, “every”, etc.) claim is refuted, rather than conceding the point or meaningfully revising the claim, the claim is altered by going from universal to specific, and failing to give any objective criteria for the specificity.

Question 28

Bandwagon

Answer 28

When the claim that most or many people in general or of a particular group accept a belief as true is presented as evidence for the claim. Accepting another person’s belief, or many people’s beliefs, without demanding evidence as to why that person accepts the belief, is lazy thinking and a dangerous way to accept information.

Question 29

Zeugma

Answer 29

grammatically, correct linkage of one subject with two or more further or environment, or more direct objects