ALL ABOUT BASIC ENGINE

Question 1

The name is derived (the back and forth) movement of the piston which produces mechanical energy operates on the basic principle of converting chemical energy (FUEL DN AIR) to mechanical energy

Answer 1

Reciprocating engine

Question 2

Most popular reciprocating engine used on small aircraft. It has a small and lightweight crank case

Answer 2

Opposed engine

Question 3

Compresses fuel and air mixture

Answer 3

Piston

Question 4

Simply connect piston and crankshaft

Answer 4

Connecting rod

Question 5

Convert the energy from piston into rotary motion

Answer 5

Crankshaft

Question 6

Introduction of fuel and air mixture

Answer 6

Intake valve

Question 7

Removal of burned gases

Answer 7

Exhaust valve

Question 8

For ignition

Answer 8

Sparkplug

Question 9

the simplest of propeller designs and is associated with many light, piston engine aircraft. The angle of attack of is set at installation and cannot be changed during aircraft operation.

Answer 9

Fixed pitch propeller

Question 10

a simple type of aircraft variable-pitch propeller where the blade angle can be adjusted between pre-set limits of fine and coarse pitch

Answer 10

Ground adjustable pitch propeller

Question 11

the propeller blades are attached to the boss and their pitch can be altered via a hydraulic system. The blades are removable so if they incur damage, can be repaired without removal of the whole propellor.

Answer 11

Controllable pitch propeller

Question 12

a type of variable pitch propeller that maintains a constant rotational speed by automatically adjusting blade pitch. They get the name constant speed because they can maintain a steady RPM while in flight.

Answer 12

Constant speed propeller

Question 13

a pilot selectable feature of a constant speed or variable pitch propeller which allows the blade pitch to be decreased to a negative value. Negative pitch angles result in the thrust generated by the propeller being directed forward against the direction of motion of the aircraft.

Answer 13

Reverse speed propeller

Question 14

to increase their angle of pitch by turning the blades to be parallel to the airflow. This minimizes drag from a stopped propeller following an engine failure in flight.

Answer 14

Feathering propeller

Question 15

They are made to provide the correct amount of load on the engine during the test break-in period. The multi-blade design also provides extra cooling air flow during testing.

Answer 15

Test club propeller

Question 16

Controls a mixture needle which restricts the amount of fuel flow in the float chamber Mixture adjustment required for changes in air density (changes in altitude)

Answer 16

Mixture knob

Question 17

Benefits of properly leaned engines

Answer 17

Better engine performance
Better fuel efficiency

Question 18

Disadvantages of improperly leaned engines: mixture too lean

Answer 18

High engine temperatures
Lower engine power output
Rough engine and can cause detoriation and Pre-Ignition

Question 19

Disadvantages of improperly leaned engines: Mixture too rich

Answer 19

Lower engine power output
High fuel consumption
Possible fouling of spark plugs

Question 20

Pre- Heats the air before it reaches the carburetor

Answer 20

Carburetor heat

Question 21

Application of Carburetor Heat

Answer 21

Reduction in engine power

If carburetor ice was present, there will be a slight increase in RPM

If carburetor ice was not present, RPM decrease and remain constant

Question 22

Contain large amount of carbon monoxide which is odorless and colorless gas.

Answer 22

Exhaust gases

Question 23

measures the temperature of gases at the exhaust manifold.

It can also be used for regulating the Fuel/Air Mixture

Answer 23

Exhaust gauge temperature

Question 24

Fuel system classification

Answer 24

Gravity feed system
Fuel pump system

Question 25

Air Cooling Design: Redirects air into the engine nacelles

Answer 25

Spinner

Question 26

Air cooling design: Redirects cold air to the parts of the engine which would not normally be cooled.

Answer 26

Baffles

Question 27

Air cooling design: Expand the surface area to improve cooling

Answer 27

Cooling fins

Question 28

Air cooling design: Pilot controlled air vents outside the engine to improve cooling

Answer 28

Cowl flaps

Question 29

Reducing pitch for better cooling
Reduce Power
Mixture - Rich
Keeping Oil levels high
Cowl Flaps - OPEN

Answer 29

Reducing temperature

Question 30

Engine Cooling
Engine lubrication
Piston sealing
Carrying away of contaminants

Answer 30

Functions of the oil system

Question 31

High viscosity
Low pour Points High flash point
Low carbon content
Oil system is vital to the “internal” cooling of the engine.

Answer 31

Properties of aircraft oil

Question 32

Sump
Oil Pump
Oil Cooler
Oil Filter
Pressure relief valve

Answer 32

Oil system parts

Question 33

attached to the under surface of the tank, acts as a trap for moisture and sediment. The water and sludge can be drained by manually opening the drain valve in the bottom of the sump. Most aircraft oil systems are equipped with the dipstick-type quantity gauge, often called a bayonet gauge.

Answer 33

Oil sump

Question 34

designed to supply oil under pressure to the parts of the engine that require lubrication, then circulate the oil through coolers as needed, and return the oil to the oil tank.

Answer 34

Oil pump

Question 35

helps keep the aircraft oil temperature from spiking while the engine runs. If the temperature begins to rise, the oil will be channeled through a heat exchanger which uses either air or fuel to lower the oil temperature.

Answer 35

Oil cooler

Question 36

essential components to maintain your aircraft’s engine. Just as the heart relies on clean arteries to function optimally, your engine relies on a clean oil supply

Answer 36

Oil filter

Question 37

a type of safety valve used to control or limit the pressure in a system; excessive pressure might otherwise build up and create a process upset, instrument or equipment failure, explosion, or fire.

Answer 37

Pressure relief valve